01. general knowledge capsule

SUP-9011/13

General
Knowledge
Capsule

Geography
1.

8.

Consider the following statements:
I. The part of the Himalayas lying between
Satluj and Kali rivers is known as Punjab
Himalayas.
II. The part of Himalayas lying between Tista
and Dihang rivers is known as Assam
Himalayas.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

2.

The northern part of the western coastal plains
of India is also known as:
(a) Northern Circar (b) Malabar coast
(c) Kannad Plain (d) Konkan

3.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
9.

Which of the following is not a tributary of the
Indus river?
(a) Shyok
(b) Zaskar
(c) Nubri
(d) Lohit

10.

I. Plants take in carbon dioxide through the
roots.
II. Plants exhibit transpiration through
stomata.

Which is the largest drainage basin in the
world?
(a) Nile basin
(b) Amazon basin
(c) Congo basin
(d) Mississippi basin

4.

5.

The pattern formed when a river is joined by
its tributaries at approximately right angles
is known as:
(a) trellis pattern
(b) dendritic pattern
(c) rectangular pattern
(d) radial pattern
Which of the following states does not share
its boundary with Nepal?
(a) Bihar
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) West Bengal (d) Jharkhand

6.

Which of the following is the highest peak of
the Western Ghats?
(a) Doda Betta
(b) Anamudi
(c) Javadi Hills
(d) Shevroy Hills

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
11.

I. The Central Highlands lie north of the
Narmada river.
II. The Deccan Trap is made up of
metamorphic rocks.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

12.

The northern plains of India are formed of:
(a) alluvial soil
(b) red yellow soil
(c) black soil
(d) laterite soil

7.

I. The bhabhar belt of the northern plains
lies south of the terai belt.
II. The streams and rivers re-emerge in the
terai belt of the northern plains.

I. Khadar belt of the northern plains of India
is formed of older alluvium.
II. The Eastern Ghats are higher than the
Western Ghats.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

13.

Which is the outermost Himalayan ranges
(towards India)?
(a) Shiwaliks
(b) Himadri
(c) Panjal
(d) Dhaula Dhar

General Knowledge Capsule
© LST 2010 Replication or other unauthorised use of this material is prohibited by the copyright laws of India

Page 1

14.

A : Plants absorb nitrogen through soil.
R : Plants cannot absorb nitrogen in the
gaseous form.

19.

Choose the correct option out of the following
(a) if A and B both are true and B is the right
reason for A
(b) if A and B both are true but B is not the
right reason for A
(c) A is true but not B
(d) B is true but not A
15.

I. According to the Indus Water Treaty, India
can use 60% of the total water carried by
the Indus river system.
II. Before entering India, the Brahmaputra
takes a U turn.

Consider the following statements about the
Earth:
I. The outer core is solid while the inner core
is in liquid state.
II. Being composed mainly of non metals like
carbon, sulphur and hydrogen, the earth’s
core is also known as the non metallic
core.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

20.

I. Density of rocks increases as we go down
from the crust to the core of the earth.
II. The continental crust is less dense than
the oceanic crust.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
21.

Which of the following is mass wasting?
(a) the various kinds of uphill movements
occurring on earth due to the plate
collisions.
(b) the various kinds of uphill movements
occurring on earth due to the gravitational
pull from moon.
(c) the various kinds of downhill movements
occurring under the pull of gravity.
(d) melting of icebergs due to global warming.

Which of the following is not a metamorphic
rock?
(a) Gneiss
(b) Slate
(c) Granite
(d) Marble

23.

I. The continental crust of the earth is thinner
than the oceanic crust.
II. The asthenosphere is a layer found at the
top of the upper mantle.

Which of the following is a distributary of river
Ganga?
(a) Teesta
(b) Hooghly
(c) Damodar
(d) Saraswti

17.

The most abundant element of the earth’s
crust is:
(a) Silicon
(b) Oxygen
(c) Aluminium
(d) Iron

22.

16.

18.

The Moho discontinuity is the:
(a) boundary between earth’s crust and
earth’s mantle.
(b) boundary between earth’s mantle and
earth’s core.
(c) lower layer of the earth’s mantle
(d) upper layer of the earth’s core.

Page 2

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
24.

I. Metamorphic rocks are also called
primary or basic rocks
II. Igneous rocks are formed when magma
cools and solidifies.


(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

31.

Five nautical miles are equal to:
(a) 8 km
(b) 9.26 km
(c) 12.6 km
(d) 16 km
The Exclusive Economic Zone shall not
extend beyond:
(a) 200 km
(b) 280.6 km
(c) 320.6 km
(d) 370.4 km

33.

In terms of the installed capacity of wind
energy, which of the following states is at the
top in India?
(a) Gujarat
(b) Kerala
(c) Tamil Nadu
(d) Madhya Pradesh

34.

In wind power generation:
(a) Kinetic energy is converted into electrical
energy
(b) Potential energy is converted into
electrical energy
(c) Thermal energy is converted into kinetic
energy
(d) Potential energy is converted into thermal
energy

35.

Which of the following Indian states has the
highest bauxite reserve?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Jharkhand
(c) Chhattisgarh
(d) Odisha

36.

I. Shale is a result of metamorphosis of
igneous rocks.
II. Himalayas are result of collision of
continental plates.

Which of the following is the coldest place in
the northern hemisphere?
(a) Tomsk
(b) Verkhoyansk
(c) Irkutsk
(d) Nunavut

32.

25.

30.

Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) Net Sown Area is known as gross cropped
area.
(b) Area sown more than once in an
agricultural year plus gross cropped area
is also known as Net Sown Area.
(c) Area sown more than once in an
agricultural year plus net sown area is
known as Gross Cropped Area.
(d) Net Sown Area is more than Gross
Cropped Area.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
26.

I. The San Andreas fault is a result of
collision between oceanic and continental
plates.
II. The inner core of the earth is made mostly
of copper and zinc.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

27.

Which of the following is the deepest lake in
the world?
(a) Caspian sea
(b) Vostok lake
(c) Baikal lake
(d) Pinatubo lake

28.

I. The Pamir Knot is the meeting place of
many Himalayan rivers.
II. The Pamir Knot is located to the south of
Mount Everest.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

29.

Which of the following is the second highest
peak in the world?
(a) Kanchenjunga (b) K2
(c) Lhotse
(d) Nanga Parbat


Page 3

37.

Saurashtra has mostly:
(a) red soil
(b) alluvial soil
(c) black soil
(d) laterite soil

38.

I. The total surface area covered by plateaus
is more than the total surface area
covered by plains in India.
II. After independence, National Forest
Policy was first set up in 1988.

44.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
45.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
39.

I. The Rose-ringed Parakeet is an endemic
bird in India.
II. Indian wild ass is an endangered species.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

40.

Dolomite is an ore of:
(a) Magnesium
(b) Manganese
(c) Aluminium
(d) Iron

42.

43.

Who wrote the book ‘Small is Beautiful?’
(a) Harlem Brundtland
(b) Ernst Friedrich Schumacher
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Amartya Sen
I. In India hydroelectric power contributes
more than half of the total electricity
produced.
II. More than 50 % of world’s total freshwater
is stored as groundwater.

I. The Net Sown Area is just less than 50 %
of the total surface area in Punjab and
Haryana.
II. In India, there is no appropriate technology
to harness stock resources.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

46.

The headquarters of the International Union
for Conservation of Nature and Natural
Resources is in:
(a) Switzerland
(b) Austria
(c) France
(d) United States of America

47.

Which of the following is now on the verge of
extinction?
(a) Madhuca Insignis
(b) Azadirachta Indica
(c) Prosopis Juliflora
(d) Acacia nilotica

48.

I. The State of Forest Report does not
differentiate between natural forests and
plantations.
II. Indian Rhino is an endangered species.

The Buxa Tiger Reserve is located in:
(a) Odisha
(b) West Bengal
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Gujarat

41.

I. Fossil fuels are non renewable but
recyclable resources.
II. All renewable resources are inexhaustible
resources.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
Page 4


49.

“Mithun” a cattle breed is found in:
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Arunachal Pradesh
(d) Kerala

50.

The Chipko movement was practised to stop:
(a) illegal acquisition of land
(b) deforestation
(c) hunting of tigers
(d) illegal indigo plantation.
Which of the following former Prime Ministers
pronounced the dams as the ‘temples of
modern India’?
(a) Indira Gandhi
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Lal Bahadur Shastri
(d) Morarji Desai

52.

Which of the following countries is the largest
producer of rice in the world?
(a) India
(b) China
(c) Russia
(d) Brazil

53.

Who started the Bhoodan-Gramdan
movement in 1951?
(a) Vinoba Bhave (b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Sarojini Naidu (d) Vallabhbhai Patel

54.

I. ‘Operation Flood’ was launched by the
Government of India in 1970 to control the
damage caused by floods in India.
II. Rubber plant is an equatorial crop.

Anthracite is a kind of:
(a) iron
(b) virus
(c) coal
(d) pesticide

59.

The Musi and the Bhima are tributaries of river:
(a) Krishna
(b) Kaveri
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Brahmaputra

60.

Which of the following is the deepest point in
the world?
(a) Puerto Rico Trench
(b) Mariana Trench
(c) Java Trench
(d) Eurasia Basin

61.

The Tropic of Cancer, the Equator and the
Tropic of Capricorn all pass through continent
X. What is X?
(a) Africa
(b) Asia
(c) Both Africa and Asia
(d) None

62.

North America is linked to South America by
a very narrow strip of land called:
(a) the Isthmus of Mexico
(b) the Isthmus of Panama
(c) the Isthmus of Costa Rica
(d) the Isthmus of Honduras

63.

What is the ascending order of the following
in terms of area covered?
(a) Indian Ocean - Arctic Ocean - Atlantic
Ocean - Pacific Ocean
(b) Atlantic Ocean - Arctic Ocean - Indian
(c) Arctic Ocean - Indian Ocean - Atlantic
(d) Indian Ocean - Arctic Ocean - Pacific
Ocean - Atlantic Ocean

Rearing of silkworms is known as:
(a) horticulture
(b) apiculture
(c) sericulture
(d) pisciculture

55.

Mica is presently not mined in which of the
following states?
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Andhra Pradesh
(c) Bihar
(d) Punjab

58.

51.

57.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
56.

Which of the following is mined in the
Badampahar mines in Odisha?
(a) Hematite
(b) Bauxite
(c) Dolomite
(d) Azurite


Page 5

64.

Arctic Ocean is connected with the Pacific
Ocean by a narrow stretch of shallow water
which is known as:
(a) Strait of Dover (b) Strait of Gibraltar
(c) Bab-el-Mandeb (d) Berring Strait

65.

Which is the longest mountain range in the
world?
(a) Andes
(b) Rocky Mountains
(c) Himalayas
(d) Great Diving Range

68.

69.

70.

71.

The Indian Standard Time is calculated from
a clock tower located in:
(a) Kolkata
(b) Bhopal
(c) Mirzapur
(d) New Delhi
Which of the following are found in tropical
rain forests of India?
(a) Ebony and Teak
(b) Ebony and Rosewood
(c) Mahogany and Sal
(d) Sal and Shisham
Sundari is a well-known species of trees found
in:
(a) Mangrove forests
(b) Tropical deciduous forests
(c) Tropical rain forests
(d) Himalayan mountains

73.

Which planet is considered as ‘Earth’s-Twin’?
(a) Venus
(b) Mercurey
(c) Mars
(d) Saturn

74.

Which of the following rivers are west flowing?
(a) Mahanadi
(b) Godavari
(c) Narmada
(d) Krishna

75.

The highest waterfall in the world is:
(a) Iguazu Falls
(b) Niagara Falls
(c) Victoria Falls (d) Angel Falls

76.

Tropical grasslands in Brazil are known as:
(a) Campos
(b) Llanos
(c) Pampas
(d) Prairie

77.

Taiga are found in which of the following
places?
(a) South Africa
(b) Russia
(c) Egypt
(d) Indonesia

78.

Ox-bow is a type of:
(a) Tree
(b) Grass
(c) Lake
(d) None of the above
According to the 2011 Human Development
Report, which of the following countries has
the highest Human Development Index (HDI)?
(a) Sri Lanka
(b) India
(c) China
(d) Bangladesh

80.

67.

Which mountain range separates Europe from
Asia?
(a) Andes
(b) Alps
(c) Ural Mountains (d) Rocky Mountains

You are in Karnataka and moving in the
direction of the Pole Star. Highest probability
is that you will reach X first as you exit from
Karnataka. What is X?
(a) Andhra Pradesh
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Tamil Nadu
(d) Arabian Sea

79.

66.

72.

Tawa Matsya Sangh is a cooperative of
fisherworkers in:
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Assam
(c) Orissa
(d) Kerala

Wild goats are found in:
(a) Himalayan region
(b) Rann of Kachchh
(c) Great Indian Desert
(d) Sundarbans
What is the third most abundant gas in earth’s
atmosphere?
(a) Carbon dioxide (b) Argon
(c) Hydrogen
(d) Helium

Page 6


81.

Manas Tiger Reserve is located in which
Indian state?
(a) Assam
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Uttaranchal

89.

The North-South Corridor highway crosses the
East-West Corridor highway in:
(a) Bhopal
(b) Jhansi
(c) Jabalpur
(d) Gwalior

82.

Which is the only state in India which has
made roof top rainwater harvesting structure
compulsory for every single house in the
state?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Kerala
(c) Karnataka
(d) Orissa

90.

The Indian Railways is divided into how many
zones?
(a) 4
(b) 8
(c) 12
(d) 17

91.

Which of the following is the premier iron ore
exporting port of India?
(a) Kandla port
(b) Marmagao port
(c) Kochchi port
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru port

92.

III. Oil India Limited is a wholly public sector
undertaking.
IV. Cryolite is an iron ore.

83.

Aus, Aman and Boro are crop varieties of:
(a) Wheat
(b) Maize
(c) Rice
(d) Bajra

84.

Which of the following pairs is wrongly
matched?
(a) Paddy : Kharif (b) Wheat : Rabi
(c) Jute : Rabi
(d) Cotton : Kharif

85.

86.

87.

88.

Which of the following is the largest producer
of jowar in India?
(a) Maharashtra
(b) Punjab
(c) Andhra Pradesh (d) Karnataka
Which is the longest national highway in
India?
(a) National Highway-7
(b) National Highway-8
(c) National Highway-12
(d) National Highway-15
National Highway-1 is also known as:
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru Marg
(b) Qutub Uddin Marg
(c) Sher Shah Suri Marg
(d) Maharana Pratap Marg
The East-West Corridor highway project is
from:
(a) Silcher to Porbander
(b) Silcher to New Bhuj
(c) Itanagar to New Bhuj
(d) Itanagar to Porbander

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
93.

Which of the following countries is the largest
exporter of jute in the world?
(a) India
(b) Pakistan
(c) Bangladesh
(d) Thailand

94.

Which of the following countries has the
highest average population density in the
world (with population above 10 million)?
(a) India
(b) Bangladesh
(c) Japan
(d) Pakistan

95.

III. Toothpastes contain fluoride which
reduces cavity.
IV. Odisha is the largest producer of
manganese ores in India.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none


Page 7

96.

III. Lignite is a low grade manganese ore.
IV. About 300 kg of manganese is required
to manufacture one tonne of steel.

Which of the above statements is/are true?
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
103.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
97.

Which of the following is the oldest petroleum
producing state in India?
(a) Gujarat
(b) Assam
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Rajasthan

98.

Rawatbhata power station is a:
(a) nuclear power station
(b) coal based thermal power station
(c) hydroelectric power station
(d) natural gas based thermal power station

I. Rabi crops are grown with the offset of
monsoon in India.
II. Barley is a rabi crop.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

104.

99.

Where in Rajasthan is the Bhairodev Dakav
“Sonchuri” located?
(a) Alwar
(b) Ajmer
(c) Udaipur
(d) Jodhpur

105.

I. Biogas has higher thermal efficiency than
kerosene.
II. Madhya Pradesh is the biggest producer
of copper in India.

I. Sabarmati is a west flowing river.
II. Hemavati and Kabini are tributaries of river
Kaveri.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
106.

Which of the following is the highest jute
producing state in India?
(a) Gujarat
(b) Maharashtra
(c) West Bengal (d) Karnataka

The Panchmarhi Biosphere reserve is in:
(a) Uttarakhand
(b) Karnataka
(c) Andhra Pradesh (d) Madhya Pradesh

108.

Which Indian state has the largest forest cover
in the country?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Punjab
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Kerala

109.

I. Forest cover in India is less than the net
sown area of the country.
II. The forest area in India is just above the
scientific norm of one-third of the total area.

Monazite sands rich in thorium are found in:
(a) Kerala
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Gujarat
(d) Chhattisgarh

101.

Bhangar is a type of:
(a) Alluvial soil
(b) Laterite soil
(c) Black soil
(d) Red soil

107.

100.

102.

III. Recent years have seen a tendency for
the sugar mills to shift and concentrate in
the southern and western states,
especially in Maharashtra. This is
because the cane produced here has
higher sucrose content.
IV. India is the largest producer of sugar in
the world.

Page 8


(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
110.

111.

Red soils are red in colour due to the
presence:
(a) Copper
(b) Nickel
(c) Iron
(d) Manganese
I. In India, the total protected forest area is
larger than the total reserved forest area.
II. Out of the total wasteland area in India,
the forest degraded area is larger than the
water eroded area.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

112.

113.

114.

Which of the following is not one of the four
identified Coral Reef areas in India?
(a) Gulf of Mannar
(b) Gulf of Khambat
(c) Gulf of Kutch
(d) Lakshadweep Islands
Which of the following soils are also known
as regur soils?
(a) Red soils
(b) Black soils
(c) Laterite soils
(d) Mountain soils
Which Indian state has the highest
percentage of forest cover?
(a) Kerala
(b) Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Mizoram
(d) Himachal Pradesh

115.

Van Mahotsav in India is celebrated in the
month of:
(a) May
(b) June
(c) July
(d) August

116.

The Government of India launched Project
Elephant in the year:
(a) 1973
(b) 1984
(c) 1992
(d) 2001

117.

The Central Vigilance Commission of India
was set up in:
(a) 1951
(b) 1964
(c) 1975
(d) 1987

118.

Which of the countries is at the top of the
Human Development Index ranking?
(a) Germany
(b) United States of America
(c) Norway
(d) Australia

119.

Which of the following is the highest producer
of rubber in India?
(a) Kerala
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Tripura
(d) Assam

120.

According to the Census of India 2011, the
Indian state with lowest sex ratio is:
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Haryana
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Bihar

121.

Pick the odd one out:
(a) Mediterranean sea
(b) Caspian sea
(c) Aral sea
(d) Dead sea

122.

Which of the following is the largest fresh
water lake in India?
(a) Loktak
(b) Dal
(c) Barapani
(d) Wular

123.

Which of the following is a man made lake?
(a) Loktak
(b) Gobind Sagar
(c) Chilika
(d) Pulicat

124.

Consider the following:
I. Providing information to the government
about the crops grown in the area
concerned.
II. Organising the collection of land revenue
III. Keeping and updating land records like
measurement, ownership, etc.


Page 9

Which of the above is responsibility of a
Patwari?
(a) I only
(b) II and III
(c) I, II and III
(d) III only

131.

Which of the following is the odd one out as
we talk about the direction of flow?
(a) Tapi
(b) Kaveri
(c) Krishna
(d) Mahanadi

125.

The Kirthar Mountains are located in:
(a) Nepal
(b) Bangladesh
(c) Bhutan
(d) Pakistan

132.

Which one of the following rivers emerges in
the Amarkantak hills?
(a) Krishna
(b) Kaveri
(c) Narmada
(d) Godavari

126.

Which of the following was an initiation taken
under the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment
Act, 1991?
(a) For the first time butterflies and moths
were added to the protected species list.
(b) For the first time plants were added to
the protected species list.
(c) For the first time birds were added to the
protected species list.
(d) none of the above

133.

Which of the following rivers is also known as
Tsang Po?
(a) Indus
(b) Ganga
(c) Brahmaputra
(d) Mahanadi

134.

Which of the following is the odd one out as
we talk about the Indian states in which these
rivers originate?
(a) Tapi
(b) Narmada
(c) Godavari
(d) Son

135.

Which of the following is the largest peninsular
river of India?
(a) Kaveri
(b) Godavari
(c) Krishna
(d) Narmada

136.

Which of the following rivers makes the
Sivasamudram falls?
(a) Krishna
(b) Kaveri
(c) Tungabhadra
(d) Bhima

137.

Mahanadi originates in:
(a) Chhattisgarh
(b) Jharkhand
(c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Uttarakhand

138.

The Dhuadhar falls is located on river:
(a) Krishna
(b) Narmada
(c) Godavari
(d) Mahanadi

139.

Which of the following is not a tributary of
river Godavari?
(a) Purna
(b) Manjra
(c) Wardha
(d) Koyana

140.

Which of the following rivers is also known as
Dakshin Ganga?
(a) Godavari
(b) Kaveri
(c) Krishna
(d) Mahanadi

127.

I. River Son joins the Ganga before river
Chambal.
II. River Chambal originates from the
Satpuras.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

128.

129.

130.

Which of the following pairs of rivers join
together before flowing into the Bay of Bengal?
(a) Godavari and Mahanadi
(b) Krishna and Tungabhadra
(c) Krishna and Kaveri
(d) Tungabhadra and Kaveri
Which of the following rivers empties into the
Gulf of Khambhat?
(a) Narmada
(b) Godavari
(c) Mahanadi
(d) Kaveri
The south-easternmost tributary of river Indus
is:
(a) Ravi
(b) Sutlej
(c) Jhelum
(d) Beas

Page 10



141.

I. Materials in the environment which have
the potential to satisfy human needs but
human beings do not have the appropriate
technology to access them are known as
potential resources.
II. Resources which are found in a region,
but have not been utilised are known as
stock resources.

II. According to the National Forest Policy
(1952), forest cover should be 25% of the
total geographical area of the country.
Which of the above statements is/are are not
correct?
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
147.

What type of soil is the Khadar Soil?
(a) Alluvial Soil
(b) Laterite Soil
(c) Black Soil
(d) Red and Yellow Soil

148.

Which of the following soils is ideal for cotton
cultivation?
(a) Alluvial Soil
(b) Black Soil
(c) Laterite Soil

149.

Which of the following soils is result of intense
leaching due to heavy rain?
(a) Black Soil
(b) Laterite Soil
(c) Alluvial Soil

150.

I. Red and Yellow soils develop a reddish
colour due to diffusion of magnesium in
crystalline and metamorphic rocks.
II. Black soils are generally rich in phosphoric
content.

(a) I only
(b) II only
(c) I and II
(d) none
142.

The first International Earth Summit was held
in:
(a) Rio de Janeiro (b) Vienna
(c) Johannesburg (d) Frankfurt

143.

Declaration signed by world leaders in 1992
at the United Nations Conference on
Environment and Development (UNCED) to
achieve global sustainable development is
called:
(a) Target 21
(b) Agenda 21
(c) Declaration 92 (d) Agenda 92

144.

145.

146.

“There is enough for everybody’s need and
not for any body’s greed.” Who said these
word regarding conservation of resources?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Indira Gandhi
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Lal Bahadur Shastri
The Chairperson of a UN commission which
introduced the concept of ‘Sustainable
Development’ in 1987 was:
(a) Javier Perez de Cuellar
(b) Mansour Khalid
(c) Margaret Thatcher
(d) Gro Harlem Brundtland
Consider the following statements regarding
India:
I. About 27% of the area of the country is
the plateau region.


(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
151.

Red and yellow soil is found in which of the
following states?
(a) Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Gujarat

152.

Strip cropping is done to:
(a) prevent soil erosion caused by water.
(b) prevent soil erosion caused by glaciers.
(c) prevent soil erosion caused by wind.
(d) prevent coastal erosion.

Page 11


153.

Which of the following birds falls under normal
species category in India?
(a) Pink-headed duck
(b) Indian cormorant
(c) Mountain quail
(d) Forest spotted owlet

156.

157.

161.

By 1885, Vietnam was completely under the
possession of:
(a) the French
(b) the Dutch
(c) the British
(d) the Portuguese

162.

X occupied Egypt from Ottoman Turkey in
1882. X is:
(a) France
(b) Portugal
(c) Belgium
(d) Britain

Most of the Belgian population speaks:
(a) Dutch and French
(b) Dutch and German
(c) French and Spanish
(d) Spanish and Portuguese

The Mughal Empire reached its greatest
extent under:
(a) Akbar
(b) Aurangzeb
(c) Shah Jahan
(d) Jahangir

164.

The headquarters of the European Union is
in:
(a) Vienna
(b) Berlin
(c) Zurich
(d) Brussels

Fatwa-i-Alamgiri was created during the reign
of:
(a) Humayun
(b) Shah Jahan
(c) Aurangzeb
(d) Akbar

165.

Who was the first Nizam of Hyderabad?
(a) Mujaffar Jung (b) Nasir Jung
(c) Salabat Jung (d) Chin Quilich Khan

166.

155.

By the Treaty of Boque, X made the British
its most favoured nation. X is:
(a) South Africa
(b) China
(c) Sri Lanka
(d) Indonesia

163.

154.

160.

Who took away the Peacock Throne from
India?
(a) Nadir Shah
(b) Ahmed Shah Abdali
(c) Mahmud of Ghazni
(d) Muhammad Ghori

167.

Whom did Chhatrapati Shivaji considered his
guru?
(a) Chokhamela
(b) Ramdas
(c) Tukaram
(d) Eknath

168.

The Treaty of Warna divided the Maratha
Kingdom between:
(a) Sahuji and Sambhaji I
(b) Rajaram and Sambhaji I
(c) Rajaram and Sambhaji II
(d) Sahuji and Sambhaji II

Which of the following is used to make the
biggest selling anti-cancer drug in the world?
(a) Himalayan Yew (b) Vidanga
(c) Poaceae
(d) Himalayan oak
Belgium does not share its borders with:
(a) France
(b) Luxembourg
(c) Austria
(d) Germany

History
158.

Which of the following was not occupied by
the British or the French and just remained
as a buffer state?
(a) Thailand
(b) Malaysia
(c) Indonesia
(d) China

159.

I. Under the Treaty of Nanking in 1842,
China took over Hong Kong from the
British.
II. The Second Opium War was fought
between China and Japan.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

Page 12



169.

Who defeated the Nizam-ul-Mulk and
imposed the Treaty of Durai Sarai on him?
(a) Sahuji
(b) Sambhaji I
(c) Baji Rao I
(d) Shivaji

170.

I. The Marathas restored Shah Alam II on
the throne of Delhi in1772.
II. Baji Rao I was also known as Nana Saheb.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
176.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
171.

172.

173.

Whom did Shahuji, the king of the Maratha
Kingdom, made the Peshwa in 1713?
(a) Madhavrao
(b) Bajirao I
(c) Balaji Vishwanath
(d) Narayanrao
Jiziya, during the Mughal Empire, was a tax
levied on:
(a) mercantile companies like the East India
Company
(b) non-Muslim citizens
(c) money lenders
(d) all the citizens

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
177.

Who was the first of the ‘hereditary Peshwas’
of the Maratha kingdom?
(a) Madhav-Rao I
(b) Balaji Bajirao
(c) Baji Rao I
(d) Balaji Vishwanath

175.

I. In the First Carnatic War, the British
defeated the Nawab of Arcot.
II. Anwar-ud-Din was the Nawab of Arcot in
the First Carnatic War.


I. Eyre Coote was the British General in the
Battle of Wandiwash.
II. The British defeated the French in the
Battle of Wandiwash in 1760.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

178.

The Sardeshmukhi, in the Maratha regime,
was a:
(a) tax levied on revenue
(b) designation equivalent to Peshwa
(c) designation lesser to Peshwa
(d) name given to the Chhatrapati

174.

I. The French, under Joseph Francois
Dupleix, won the Third Carnatic War
against the British.
II. The Dutch joined the British against the
French in the Carnatic Wars.

I. Robert Clive was the commander of the
Company forces in the Battle of Buxar.
II. In 1760, the East India Company replaced
Mir Jafar with his son in law as the Nawab
of Bengal.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

179.

The English East India Company received the
diwani of Bengal through the:
(a) Treaty of Bengal
(b) Treaty of Allahabad
(c) Treaty of Hyderabad
(d) Treaty of Buxar

180.

Which Governor-General of India sold
Allahabad and Kara to the Nawab of Awadh?
(a) Warren Hastings
(b) Lord Cornwallis
(c) Lord Wellesley
(d) Lord Minto
Page 13


181.

182.

Who became the first Indian power to accept
the subsidiary alliance?
(a) Nawab of Awadh
(b) Marathas
(c) Nizam of Hyderabad
(d) Kingdom of Mysore
I. By the Treaty of Bassein, Peshwa Baji
Rao II accepted subsidiary alliance with
the British.
II. By the Treaty of Amritsar signed in1809,
river Ravi had been fixed as the boundary
between the British and Maharaja Ranjit
Singh’s territories.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

183.

The Treaty of Sagauli was signed between
the British and the:
(a) Marathas
(b) Nawab of Bengal
(c) Nawab of Awadh
(d) Gorkhas

184.

Who among the following Governor-Generals
of India introduced modern civil services based
on separation of power?
(a) Warren Hastings
(b) Lord Dalhousie
(c) Lord Cornwallis
(d) Lord Ripon

187.

From whom did the British take away the
famous diamond Koh-i-noor to send it to
Queen Victoria?
(a) Maharaja Ranjit Singh
(b) Maharaja Dalip Singh
(c) Nadir Shah
(d) Ahmed Shah Abdali

188.

The Holkars, one of the regional Maratha
dynasties, was founded by:
(a) Ranoji
(b) Malhar Rao
(c) Damaji I
(d) Raghuji

189.

By the Treaty of Deogaon, Orissa was
surrendered to the British by:
(a) Raghuji Bhonsle I
(b) Raghuji Bhonsle II
(c) Daulat Rao Sindhia
(d) Jaswant Rao Holkar

190.

Who was the political agent sent by Lord
Hardinge to Punjab to make them break the
Treaty of Amritsar?
(a) Major Broadfoot
(b) Major Bardsley
(c) Major Lawrence
(d) Mojor Whistler

191.

The Gaikwar dynasty was founded by:
(a) Malhar Rao
(b) Raghuji Bhonsle I
(c) Raghuji Bhonsle II
(d) Damaji I

192.

Who introduced the dual government in
Bengal?
(a) Warren Hastings
(b) Lord Cornwallis
(c) Robert Clive
(d) Lord Canning

Who was the Governor-General of India during
the First Anglo-Sikh War?
(a) Lord Auckland (b) Lord Hardinge
(c) Lord Dalhousie (d) Lord Canning

185.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

186.

I. Maharaja Dalip Singh entered the
subsidiary alliance at Lahore in 1846.
II. The Second Anglo-Sikh War was the last
war fought by the British within the natural
frontiers of India for the extension of their
empire.

Page 14



193.

I. The Governor-General of Bengal was made
the Governor-General of India through the
Regulating Act of 1773.
II. The Charter Act of 1833 declared that no
Indian shall hold any government position
under the company.

199.

Henry Louis Vivian Derozio founded the:
(a) Deccan Education Society
(b) Servants of India Society
(c) Young Bengal Movement
(d) Theosophical Movement

200.

Who was not a member of the Prarthana
Samaj?
(a) Mahadev Govind Ranade
(b) Atmaram Pandurang
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(d) Jyotiba Phule

201.

The Deccan Education Society was formed
under the spiritual guidance of:
(a) Swami Vivekananda
(b) Mahadev Govind Ranade
(c) Swami Dayananda Saraswati
(d) Raja Rammohun Roy

202.

Who founded the Servants of India Society?
(a) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(b) Annie Besant
(c) Sayyid Ahmad Khan
(d) Louis Vivian Derozio

203.

His campaign for the upliftment of the weak
acquired the character of an anti-Brahmin
movement. He is:
(a) Sayyid Ahmad Khan
(b) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
(c) Jyotiba Phule
(d) Mahadev Govind Ranade

204.

The famous Fergusson College of Pune was
founded under:
(a) Deccan Education Society
(b) Theosophical Society of India
(c) British Indian Association

205.

The Central Hindu College at Varanasi was
founded in 1898 by:
(a) Annie Besant
(b) Louis Vivian Derozio
(c) Swami Vivekananda
(d) Keshab Chandra Sen

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
194.

Which Act made the Governor-General of
Bengal general authority over other two
presidencies?
(a) Regulating Act of 1773
(b) Charter Act of 1813
(c) Charter Act of 1833
(d) Charter Act of 1853

195.

Swami Dayanand Saraswati’s parental name
was:
(a) Mula Sankara
(b) Mula Krishnacharya
(c) Om Sankara
(d) Narayan Sankara

196.

Which Governor-General of India abolished
the sati system?
(a) Warren Hastings
(b) Lord Cornwallis
(c) Lord Dalhousie
(d) Lord Bentinck

197.

After the premature death of Raja Rammohun
Roy, the Brahmo Movement was given a new
life by:
(a) Debendranath Tagore
(b) Shankar Seth
(c) Atmaram Pandurang
(d) Ramakrishna Gopal Bhandarkar

198.

Who among the following was not a member
of the Brahmo Samaj?
(a) Keshab Chandra Sen
(b) Debendranath Tagore
(c) Mahadev Govind Ranade
(d) Dwarkanath Tagore


Page 15


206.

The first Headquarters of the Arya Samaj were
at:
(a) Calcutta
(b) Nasik
(c) Lahore
(d) Bomday

207.

The Shuddhi Movement was started by:
(a) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
(b) Swami Vivekananda
(c) Ramakrishna Paramahamsa
(d) Baba Kharak Singh

208.

209.

210.

211.

212.

Who was the founder of the Muhammadan
Anglo-Oriental College?
(a) Maulana Hasrat Mohani
(b) Hakim Ajmal Khan
(c) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(d) Sayyid Ahmad Khan
Whose daughter’s marriage led to the second
split in the Brahmo Samaj?
(a) Shivnanda Shastri
(b) Anand Mohan Bose
(c) Keshab Chandra Sen
Louis Vivian Derozio was a:
(a) teacher at Hindu College of Calcutta
(b) French General in India in the early
eighteenth century
(c) Gandhian who actively supported the
Indian freedom struggle
(d) British General in India during the rebellion
of 1857
The Theosophical Movement in India was
started by:
(a) Mahadev Govind Ranade
(b) Raja Rammohun Roy
(c) Rabindranath Tagore
(d) Annie Besant
The Theosophical Society of India was
founded at:
(a) Calcutta
(b) Adyar
(c) Nasik
(d) Allahabad

Page 16

213.

The Theosophical Society was first
established in:
(a) USSR
(b) United States of America
(c) United Kingdom
(d) India

214.

Who wrote the book Satyartha Prakash?
(a) Swami Vivekanada
(b) Ramakrishna Paramhamsa
(c) Swami Dayanand Saraswati

215.

The New York Herald, after hearing him in the
World Parliament at Chicago in 1893, reported
- “ We feel how foolish it is to send
missionaries to this learned nation”. He was:
(a) Swami Vivekananda
(b) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
(c) Raja Rammohun Roy
(d) Rabindranath Tagore

216.

Swami Vivekanand’s original name was:
(a) Surendra Nath Bhat
(b) Narendra Nath Bhat
(c) Surendra Nath Dutta
(d) Narendra Nath Dutta

217.

Tahzib-al-Akhlaq, a monthly periodical, was
started by:
(a) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(b) Sayyid Ahmad Khan
(c) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
(d) Pherozeshah Mehta

218.

The General Service Enlistment Act of 1856
required:
(a) the applicants of the Imperial Civil Services
to be of the age of 21 years at most.
(b) the applicants of the Imperial Civil Services
to be of the age of 18 years at most.
(c) every Indian soldier to serve wherever
required.
(d) every Indian soldier to use the enfield rifles
smeared with animal fat.



219.

I. The Santhal Rebellion (1855-56) was
against the Mughal Emperor Bahadur
Shah II.
II. The Kuka Movement of 1860 was a socioreligious movement which turned into a
political movement.

225.

Which of the following books contains the
national song of India?
(a) Anandmath
(b) Lipika
(c) Gitanjali
(d) Chokher Bali

226.

Who among the following is known as the
father of modern Hindi literature?
(a) Munshi Premchand
(b) Bhartendu Harishchandra
(c) Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi
(d) Sumitranandan Pant

227.

Who among the following was one of the
founders of the newspapers the Kesari and
Mahratta?
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(b) Pherozeshah Mehta
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
220.

The second unit of the Arya Samaj was formed
at:
(a) Lahore
(b) Amritsar
(c) Allahabad
(d) Calcutta

221.

Who among the following was a founding
member of the Rahnumai Mazdayasnan
Sabha?
(a) Badruddin Tyabji
(b) Sayyid Ahmad Khan
(c) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji

228.

Who wrote the book Anandmath?
(b) Bankim Chandra Chatterji
(c) Swami Vivekananda
(d) Bhartendu Harishchandra

The Indian League, in 1875, was established
in Bengal by:
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji
(b) Surendranath Banerji
(c) V.K. Chiplunkar
(d) Sisir Kumar Ghosh

229.

founders of the Indian Association (1876)?
(a) Badruddin Tyabji
(b) Anand Mohan Bose
(c) W.C. Bonnerji
(d) Sisir Kumar Ghosh

230.

Who among the following was the editor of
Amrit Bazar Patrika?
(a) Sisir Kumar Ghosh
(b) M.B. Namjoshi
(c) V.K. Chiplunkar
(d) Pherozeshah Mehta

231.

Who among the following was not the founder
of the Bombay Presidency Association
(1885)?
(a) Pherozeshah Mehta
(b) Sisir Kumar Ghosh
(c) K.T. Telang
(d) Badruddin Tyabji

222.

223.

224.

In the 1860s, a popular Bengali play
highlighted the atrocities commited on
workers by Indigo planters. The play was
called:
(a) Neeldhara
(b) Neelgagan
(c) Neel Darpan
(d) Neelkamal
Which of the following was an organisation,
during the late 1860s, that proved to be a
strong force behind the Indian nationalist
movement?
(a) Hindu Sabha
(b) Hindu Mela
(c) Hindu Association
(d) Hindu Sangh


Page 17


232.

233.

234.

235.

236.

237.

238.

Who founded the India House in 1905 in
London?
(a) Virendranath Chattopadhyaya
(b) V.D. Savarkar
(c) Shyamji Krishna Verma
(d) Lala Hardayal
The Ghadar Party was founded in 1913 in:
(a) United States of America
(b) England
(c) Malaysia
(d) Japan
The Congress declared Purna Swaraj as its
goal in 1929 during its:
(a) Calcutta session
(b) Madras session
(c) Lahore session
(d) Karachi session
Jawaharlal Nehru hoisted the tricolour flag of
India in December 1929 on the banks of river:
(a) Narmada
(b) Ganga
(c) Ravi
(d) Sutlej
Which of the following is also known as the
‘Gagging Act’?
(a) Government of India Act
(b) General Service Enlistment Act
(c) Arms Act
(d) Vernacular Press Act
Who was the leader of the Gorkhas in the
Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-16)?
(a) Samar Singh (b) Amar Singh
(c) Digvijay Sigh
(d) Shyam Singh
According to the Ain-i Akbari, every subadar
was supported by other officers such as
bakhshi, sadr, etc. Bakhshi and Sadr are:
(a) a military paymaster and a minister in
charge of religious and charitable
patronage respectively.
(b) a minister in charge of religious and
charitable patronage and a military
paymaster respectively.
(c) a military paymaster and a military
commander respectively.

Page 18

(d) a minister in charge of religious and
charitable patronage and a military
commander respectively.
239.

Which Mughal emperor emphasised on the
idea Sulh-i kul ?
(a) Babur
(b) Shah Jahan
(c) Humayun
(d) Akbar

240.

Which of the following temples is not in the
UNESCO’s World Heritage Sites list?
(a) Gangaikondacholisvaram Temple
(b) Airavateshvaram Temple
(c) Kapaleeshwarar Temple
(d) Brihadeeshwara Temple

241.

The Mundas and Santhals were tribes from:
(a) Orissa and Bengal
(b) Punjab and Rajasthan
(c) Punjab and western Himalayas
(d) Punjab and Kashmir

242.

Sultan Iltutmish constructed hauz-i Sultani
just outside Dehli-i kuhna. What is hauz-i
Sultani ?
(a) a large shrine (b) a large sculpture
(c) a mosque
(d) a large reservoir

243.

Which of the following kings invaded Sri Lanka
and defeated Sena I?
(a) Shrimara Shrivallabha
(b) Vijayalaya
(c) Rajaraja I
(d) Rajendra I

244.

Who was the “Statue Destroyer” who attacked
the famous Somanath temple?
(a) Muhammad Ghori
(b) Mahmud of Ghazni
(c) Aurangzeb
(d) Lord Clive of the East India Company

245.

What is Chihil Sutun in Mughal architecture?
(a) Large balconies
(b) Ceremonial Halls or courts
(c) Four section gardens
(d) Recreation centres



246.

247.

248.

249.

250.

251.

What was the importance of Qibla in audience
halls of the Mughal emperors?
(a) During a court session everybody faced a
specific direction called Qibla.
(b) During a court session everybody had to
sit in a circular formation called Qibla.
(c) During a court session everybody had to
share their views over the issues
discussed. This type of discussion was
called Qibla.
(d) During a court session no woman was
allowed to speak inside the court. This
rule was called Qibla.

(a) Bellary
(c) Davanagere

(b) Hampi
(d) Hubli

252.

In the seventeenth century, which city was
regarded as the gateway for trade with west
Asia?
(a) Karachi
(b) Surat
(c) Poona
(d) Bombay

253.

Bhils, Cheros and Berads are tribes of:
(a) Bihar, Tamil Nadu and Western
Himalayas respectively.
(b) Bihar, Gujarat and Western Himalayas
respectively.
(c) Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Bihar
respectively.
(d) Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Maharashtra
respectively.

254.

Which nomadic tribe helped Mughal emperors
to transport grain to city markets?
(a) Charan
(b) Gujjar
(c) Banjara
(d) Bhil

255.

Which queen died fighting Mughal armies
defending Garha Katanga in 1565?
(a) Rani Durgawati (b) Rani Ahilyabai
(c) Rudramamba (d) Rani Avantibai

256.

Chola bronze statues were made using the:
(a) lost clay technique
(b) lost wax technique
(c) lost wood technique
(d) lost metal technique

Which tribe did the kingdom of Garha Katanga
belonged to?
(a) Gonds
(b) Cheros
(c) Khonds
(d) Ahoms

257.

Bhillasvamin is the:
(a) modern day Bhubaneshwar
(b) modern day Belur
(c) modern day Vidisha
(d) modern day Mahabalipuram

Which of the following tribal kingdoms
depended upon forced labour for its
functioning?
(a) Gonds
(b) Cheros
(c) Ahoms
(d) Bhils

258.

Who were the Nayanars?
(a) Saints devoted to Brahma
(b) Saints devoted to Durga
(c) Saints devoted to Vishnu
(d) Saints devoted to Shiva

In Shah Jahan’s newly constructed court in
the Red Fort at Delhi, behind his throne were
a series of pietra dura inlays that depicted:
(a) The legendary Greek god Orpheus playing
the lute
(b) Aphrodite in front of a mirror
(c) Apollo and Daphne together
(d) Aphrodite,Cupid and Ares together
Who was Kunjaramallan Rajaraja
Perunthachchan?
(a) Son of Chola king Rajaraja
(b) Grandson of Chola king Rajaraja
(c) Architect of the famous Airavatesvara
temple
(d) Architect of the famous Rajarajeshvara
temple

X is located in the Krishna-Tungabhadra
basin. X fell into ruin in 1565 as the
Vijayanagara Empire was defeated. What is
X?


Page 19


259.

Who were the Alvars?
(a) Saints devoted to Durga
(b) Saints devoted to Vishnu
(c) Saints devoted to Brahma
(d) Saints devoted to Shiva

260.

Virashaiva movement began in Karnataka in
the mid-twelfth century against:
(a) the misrule of Hoysala Empire
(b) monotheism
(c) inequality and caste system
(d) the revenue system

261.

Which tribal kingdom created the historical
works known as buranjis?
(a) Ahoms
(b) Balochis
(c) Cheros
(d) Gonds

263.

264.

267.

The East India Company was appointed as
the Diwan of the provinces of Bengal, by the
Mughal emperor, after the death of the then
nawab of Bengal:
(a) Aliwardi Khan (b) Mir Jafar
(c) Mir Qasim
(d) Sirajuddaulah

268.

I. Tipu Sultan was killed in the Third AngloMysore War.
II. Subsidiary alliance did not allow the East
India Company to have its independent
armed forces.

265.

Which of the following Apostles of Jesus
Christ is believed to bring Christianity to India?
(a) St. Andrew
(b) St. John
(c) St. Mathew
(d) St. Thomas
Fa Xian and Xuan Zang were:
(a) Chinese invaders of the north-east
(b) Chinese Buddhist pilgrims
(c) Chinese followers of the Alvars
(d) Chinese followers of the Nayanars
I. Kadamba Mayurasharman was a
Brahmana who gave up his traditional
profession and took to arms, successfully
establishing the Kadamba kingdom in
Karnataka.
II. Chola king Rajendra I built a temple of
goddess Nishumbhasudini in the town of
Thanjavur.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

Page 20

I. Siraj-ud-daulah, the nawab of Bengal was
a puppet ruler who gifted trade
concessions to the East India Company.
II. Robert Clive led the company’s armies at
Plassey in 1757.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

Mirabai became a disciple of:
(a) Kabir
(b) Tulsidas
(c) Surdas
(d) Ravidas

262.

266.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
269.

Who was the Governor-General in 1801 when
the nawab of Awadh was forced to give over
half of his territory to the East India Company
in 1801?
(a) Warren Hastings
(b) Richard Wellesley
(c) Earl Cornwallis
(d) Robert Clive

270.

The Treaty of Salbai was signed between the
East India Company and:
(a) the Marathas
(b) the Nizam of Hyderabad
(c) the Kingdom of Mysore
(d) the nawab of Awadh



271.

272.

Which of the following nawabs captured Fort
William of Calcutta?
(a) Alivardi Khan
(b) Sirajuddaulah
(c) Mir Jafar
(d) Mir Qasim
I. Mir Qasim helped the East India Company
in the Battle of Buxar against the Nawab
of Awadh and the Mughal Emperor.
II. The East India Company defeated
Maharaja Ranjit Singh to capture Punjab.

II. Delhi was not a British presidency in the
late eighteenth century.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
278.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
273.

Which of the following Governor-Generals
initiated the policy of “paramountcy”?
(a) Warren Hastings
(c) Lord Dalhousie
(d) Earl Cornwallis

I. Rani Chennamma surrendered the state
of Kitoor to the East India Company and
ran away with his family.
II. Steamships were invented in the early
nineteenth century.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

275.

I. The Marathas helped Tipu Sultan in the
Third Anglo-Mysore war agaisnt the East
India Company.
II. Tipu Sultan was forced to sign a treaty
with the British by which two of his sons
were taken away as hostages.

280.

Initially the East India Company purchased
goods in India for:
(a) the revenue generated by the Company
from peasants.
(b) Gold and Silver
(c) the British goods
(d) nothing. It used military power to capture
the resources

281.

Who was the Governor-General of India when
the Permanent Settlement was introduced?
(a) Warren Hastings
(c) Earl Cornwallis
(d) Lord Dalhousie
In British records, what is a Mahal?
(a) A palace
(b) An army fort
(c) A Mosque
(d) A revenue estate

283.

Which of the following was ruled by the
Wodeyar dynasty?
(a) Hyderabad
(b) Awadh
(c) Mysore
(d) Bengal

Which Mughal emperor appointed the East
India Company as the Diwan of Bengal?
(a) Shah Alam II
(b) Akbar Shah
(c) Bahadur Shah (d) Aurangzeb

282.

274.

279.

I. The Company expected the Zamindars to
invest in the improvement of land which
would have benefited the Zamindars as
well.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
276.

277.

Doctrine of Lapse was the brainchild of:
(a) Lord Cornwallis (b) Lord Hastings
(c) Lord Dalhousie (d) Robert Clive
I. From 1772, each district was to have only
one court – a civil court (diwani adalat).


Page 21


II. In the permanent settlement system
peasants had to pay the revenue directly
to the Company.

288.

Siraj-ud-daulah, nawab of Bengal, was
betrayed by one of his commanders in his
defeat at the hands of East India Company’s
army. Who was that commander?
(a) Mir Jafar
(b) Mir Qasim
(c) Shujauddaulah (d) Ali Jah

289.

The Ryotwari System was devised by:
(a) Lord Cornwallis
(c) Thomas Munro
(d) Holt Mackenzie

290.

The first English factory was set up on the
banks of the river:
(a) Krishna
(b) Hugli
(c) Saraswati
(d) Kaveri

291.

I. Woad is a better dye plant than indigo
because woad gives a rich blue colour
while indigo gives pale and dull colour.
II. The French produced indigo in the French
colony of St Domingue in the Caribbean
islands.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
284.

The nij system and ryoti system are for the
cultivation of:
(a) Coffee
(b) Sugar
(c) Opium
(d) Indigo

285.

I. The Indigo Commission set up after the
“Blue Rebellion” of 1859 produced a report
against the ryots.
II. The agents of the East India Company
who helped the Company to get
agreements signed from peasants,
weavers and artisans were known as
Gomasthas.
(a) I
(c) I and II

286.

287.

(b) II
(d) none

Holt Mackenzie devised a new system which
was called as the:
(a) Permanent Settlement.
(b) Mahalwari System.
(c) Ryotwari System.
(d) Doctrine of Lapse.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
292.

I. Woad is a temperate zone herb which
faced competition from indigo grown in
India during the eighteenth century.
II. The indigo plant grows primarily in the
temperate zones.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
293.

Page 22

I. The ryoti system was better than the nij
system for the indigo planters as it allowed
them to produce indigo on a larger scale
without any considerable increase in the
cost of production.
II. The ryots were benefited from the the ryoti
system of indigo plantaion.

The most primitive stone tools are from:
(a) Neolithic age (b) Palaeolithic age
(c) Mesolithic age (d) Chalcolithic age



294.

A : The subsidiary alliance proved very helpful
for the nawabs in protecting their
territories.
R : The British promised military protection
to the nawabs under the terms of
subsidiary alliance.
(a) A and B both are true and B is the right
reason for A
(b) A and B both are true but B is not the
right reason for A

reason for A
right reason for A

A: After the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh
in 1839, the East India Company took over
Punjab in 1849.
R: According to the Doctrine of Lapse, if an
Indian ruler died without a male heir his
kingdom would become part of Company
territory.

A very special tank, which archaeologists call
the Great Bath, was built in:
(a) Mehrgarh
(b) Mohenjodaro
(c) Lothal
(d) Harappa

296.

Which of the following were the first to come
to Kerala?
(a) Portuguese traders
(b) Jewish and Arab traders
(c) Duth traders
(d) English traders

302.
295.

301.

Which of the following archaeological sites is
located on the river Ghod and is known for its
special burial system?
(a) Lothal
(b) Chirand
(c) Inamgaon
(d) Hungsi

297.

Ashwamedha was a ritual in which:
(a) a horse was gifted to the successor of
the king
(b) a horse was sacrificed
(c) a horse was gifted to a brahmin
(d) a ritual made in the name of rain gods

298.

Bimbisara was a ruler of:
(a) Avanti
(b) Gandhara
(c) Kuru
(d) Magadha

299.

A cartographer is a person who:
(a) makes maps (b) makes carts
(c) makes chariots (d) makes temples

300.

A : The Nawab of Awadh was forced to give
over half of his territory to the Company in
1801
R : The Nawab of Awadh failed to fulfil the
terms of subsidiary alliance.


reason for A
right reason for A
303.

A : Cloth dyers in Europe preferred indigo over
woad as a dye.
R : Indigo was cheaper than woad.
reason for A
right reason for A

Page 23


304.

Who among the following was not a part of
the Rebellion of 1857?
(a) Begum Hazrat Mahal
(b) Rani Chennamma
(c) Birjis Qadr
(d) Nana Saheb

(b) Thomas Hobbes
(c) Pierre Joseph Proudhon
(d) John Locke
310.

In 1801, a subsidiary alliance was imposed
on X, and in 1856 it was taken over by the
British as they declared that X was being
misgoverned and to ensure proper
administration British rule was necessary. X
was:
(a) Awadh
(b) Jhansi
(c) Mysore
(d) Punjab

311.

Sati Pratha was banned in British India in:
(a) 1801
(b) 1809
(c) 1829
(d) 1858

312.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

Who wrote the book ‘The Spirit of the Laws’?
(a) Aristotle
(b) Montesquieu
(c) Rousseau
(d) John Locke

313.

Mangal Pandey was hanged in 1857 for
attacking his officers in:
(a) Benaras
(b) Barrackpore
(c) Calcutta
(d) Allahabad

Governor-General of India, when Jhansi was
annexed by the British, was:
(a) Lord Dalhousie (b) Warren Hastings
(c) Lord Cornwallis (d) Richard Wellesley

314.

I. The East India Company was removed
from the power in 1858.
II. The Doctrine of Lapse was renounced by
the Act of 1858.

305.

Bahadur Shah Jafar was sentenced to life
imprisonment for supporting the rebellion of
1857. He died in a prison in:
(a) Hyderabad
(b) Rangoon
(c) Lahore
(d) Bombay

306.

I. Tantia Tope was killed while protecting
Rani Laxmi Bai against the British.
II. Birjis Qadr was the son of Nawab Wajid
Ali Shah of Lucknow.

307.

308.

A : Eighty-five sepoys of the regiment under
the East India Company at Meerut, in
1857, were dismissed from service and
sentenced to ten years in jail.
R : When the Company ordered the sepoys
to go to Burma for fighting by the sea route,
the sepoys refused to follow the order.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
315.

reason for A
right reason for A
309.

Who wrote the book ‘Two Treatises of
Government’?
(a) Rousseau

Page 24

Which of the following was not the change
introduced by the British in 1858?
(a) It was assured to all the ruling chiefs of
the country that their territory would never
be annexed in future.
(b) It was decided to increase the recruitment
of soldiers from Awadh, Bihar, central India
and south India.
(c) Various policies were made to protect the
rights of zamindars and landlords.
(d) all of the above.



316.

Delhi became the capital of British India in:
(a) 1901
(b) 1905
(c) 1911
(d) 1915

317.

Delhi Durbar was organised by:
(a) Lord Ripon
(b) Lord Minto
(c) Lord Lansdowne
(d) Lord Lytton
I. Edward Lutyens and Herbert Baker were
the architects invited by the British to
design New Delhi in 1912.
II. The central dome of the Rashtrapati
Bhavan was copied from medieval Chola
art.

The British government headed by George
Grenville in 1765 enacted a tax Act in its
colonies in North America. The Act was called
the:
(a) Stamp Act
(b) Currency Act
(c) Revenue Act
(d) Trade Act

325.

The Boston Tea Party was:
(a) a meeting between the British and the
French to decide the future of Canada.
(b) the declaration of Independence, by the
13 British North American colonies.
(c) a meeting between the British and the
French to decide the future of Canada.
(d) an act of dumping tea into Boston Harbor

326.

The first war between the 13 British North
American colonies and the British Government
started in 1775 at:
(a) Lexington
(b) Philadelphia
(c) Washington
(d) Orlando

327.

Who among the following Governor-Generals
of the British India surrendered as a British
General in the American War of Independence
in 1781:
(a) Warren Hastings
(b) William Bentinck
(c) Lord Cornwallis
(d) Lord Dalhousie

328.

318.

324.

“Men are born free but everywhere they are in
chains”. Who said these words?
(a) Karl Marx
(b) Jean-Jacques Rousseau
(c) Friedrich Engels
(d) Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

329.

When did France become a republic?
(a) 1780
(b) 1784
(c) 1789
(d) 1792

330.

Who devised the system of crop rotation?
(a) Thomas Highs
(b) Jethro Tull
(c) Charles Townsend
(d) Lewis Paul

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
319.

Who founded the Brahmo Sabha?
(a) Raja Rammohun Roy
(b) Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar
(c) Swami Dayanand Sarawati
(d) Swami Vivekanand

320.

What was the real name of Lord Mahavira?
(a) Satyakama
(b) Shankara
(c) Vardhamana
(d) Paramananda

321.

When was the law permitting widow
remarriage passed in the British India?
(a) 1829
(b) 1839
(c) 1856
(d) 1896

322.

The Paramhans Mandali was founded in 1840
in:
(a) Bombay
(b) Calcutta
(c) Madras
(d) Delhi

323.

Which Chola king took the title of
Maduraikondavan?
(a) Vijayalaya
(b) Rajaraja I
(c) Parantaka I
(d) Rajendra


Page 25


331.

Who invented the flying shuttle?
(a) John Kay
(b) Richard Arkwright
(c) James Hargreaves
(d) Daniel Bourn

332.

Who invented the spinning jenny?
(a) Samuel Crompton
(b) James Hargreaves
(c) Clement Clerke
(d) Abraham Darby

340.

The first power loom was designed by:
(a) Richard Arkwright
(b) Thomas Highs
(c) Lewis Paul
(d) Edmund Cartwright

The Third Estate of the States General, in
France, declared itself as the National
Assembly in:
(a) 1729
(b) 1789
(c) 1829
(d) 1879

341.

Who invented the ‘hot blast’ process in
metallurgy?
(a) Clement Clerke
(b) Benjamin Huntsman
(c) James Beaumont Neilson
(d) George Stephenson

342.

I. King Louis XVI fled France with his family
at the start of the French Revolution.
II. The first French National Assembly took
oath in a tennis court.

333.

334.

Who built the first textile factory?
(a) Samuel Slater (b) Richard Arkwright
(c) Lewis Paul
(d) Thomas Highs

336.

Who among the following is known for his
improvements of the steam engine?
(a) James Watt
(b) John Kay
(c) Samuel Slater (d) Lewis Paul

337.

Who among the following made attempts to
substitute charcoal by coke to obtain iron
from its ore?
(a) George Stephenson
(b) William Murdoch
(c) Chance Brothers
(d) Abraham Darby

I. Luther Burbank invented the process of
pasteurisation.
II. Voltaire was a staunch critic of the
Church.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

Who invented the cotton gin?
(a) Henry Maudslay
(b) Eli Whitney
(c) John Kay
(d) Henry Cot

335.

339.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

Who invented the ‘puddling’ process of iron
purification?
(a) John Smeaton (b) Henry Cort
(c) James Watt
(d) Thomas Newcomen

Page 26

Who among the following invented a process
for producing steel?
(a) Henry Bessemer
(b) John Metcalf
(c) Chance Brothers
(d) William Murdoch

344.
338.

343.

Who invented the steamboat?
(a) Joseph Bramah
(b) Joseph Whitworth
(c) John Macadam
(d) Robert Fulton



345.

Gugliemo Marconi invented the:
(a) telephone
(b) machinery for wireless telegraphy
(c) electric bulb
(d) television

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

I. The Diesel engine was invented after the
World War I.
II. The ‘Open-hearth’ is generally used for
the production of fine quality printed
textiles.

Whom did Guru Nanak appoint as his
successor before his death in 1539?
(a) Guru Amardas (b) Guru Angad
(c) Guru Arjan
(d) Guru Ramdas

353.

Which of the following Mughal emperors
ordered the execution of Guru Arjan?
(a) Shah Jahan
(b) Aurangzeb
(c) Humayun
(d) Jahangir

354.

Divya Prabandham is a compilation of
devotional songs in honour of Hindu god/
goddess:
(a) Murugan
(b) Shiva
(c) Durga
(d) Vishnu

355.

Which Afghan ruler invaded India five times in
the mid-eighteenth century?
(a) Ahmed Shah Abdali
(b) Timur Shah Durrani
(c) Nadir Shah
(d) Shuja Shah Durrani

356.

The iron pillar at Mehrauli, Delhi is said to be
built under which of the following rulers?
(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Akbar
(c) Chandragupta II
(d) Vikramaditya VI

357.

The Silappadikaram, a famous Tamil epic, is
the story of Kovalan who was a:
(a) a merchant
(b) a King
(c) a priest
(d) a peasant

Who laid the first trans-Atlantic cable?
(a) Cyrus Field
(b) Gottlieb Daimler
(c) George Stephenson
(d) Joseph Locke

347.

Britain wrested Canada from France in 1763
after the:
(a) Six Years’ War
(b) Seven Years’ War
(c) Eight Years’ War
(d) Nine Years’ War

352.

346.

351.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
348.

The Luddites in Britain, during the Industrial
Revolution, was a name given to the:
(a) section of the church which opposed the
industrial revolution.
(b) masked workers taking part in violent
strikes.
(c) businessmen who invested and helped the
innovators of the revolution
(d) the countries mainly involved in the
Industrial Revolution.

349.

The First Opium War, as it is called, was
fought in 1840 between the British and:
(a) China
(b) America
(c) Malaysia
(d) France

350.

I. The Portuguese took control of Malacca,
in the East Indies, in the 17th century from
the Dutch.
II. Hormuz, at the tip of the Persian Gulf,
was a strategic base of the Portuguese
in the 16th century.


Page 27


358.

359.

The manuscripts in early India were usually
written on:
(a) palm leaves
(b) ashoka tree leaves
(c) cloths made of jute
(d) banyan leaves
Harishena was the court poet of:
(a) Chandragupta
(b) Samudragupta
(c) Ashoka
(d) Bindusara

360.

Which of the following is not a work of
Kalidasa?
(a) Abhijnana Shakuntalam
(b) Malavikagnimitram
(c) Mahavircharitam
(d) Vikramorvashiyam

Vinaya Pitaka is a rule book of:
(a) Hinduism
(b) Sikhism
(c) Jain sangha
(d) Buddhist sangha

366.

Who was Mehrunnisa?
(a) Wife of Emperor Shah Jahan
(b) Wife of Emperor Aurangzeb
(c) Wife of Emperor Jahangir
(d) Wife of Emperor Shah Alam

367.

I. After the defeat Shivaji was honourably
treated by the Mughals when he came to
accept Mughal authority.
II. The term ‘mansabdar’ refers to an
individual who holds a position or rank.
III. By Aurangzeb’s reign, the number of
mansabdars decreased immensely.

Which of the following Chalukya rulers
stopped king Harshvardhan of Kanauj from
advancing to the Deccan?
(a) Vijayaditya
(b) Vikramaditya
(c) Pulakeshin II
(d) Vikramaditya II

361.

365.

(a) II only
(b) II and III
(c) III only
(d) I, II and III

Buddhacharita, a biography of the Buddha was
composed by Ashvaghosha. He was a spiritual
counselor in the court of:
(a) King Ashoka
(b) King Harshavardhana
(c) King Vikramadtya
(d) King Kanishka

363.

Dhamma Mahamatta were:
(a) important teachings of Buddha
(b) officials appointed by Ashoka to teach
dhamma
(c) buddhist philosophers of early medieval
India
(d) buddhist philosophers of Mughal period
in India

369.

The Kandariya Mahadeva temple dedicated
to Shiva was constructed by King:
(a) Dhangadeva
(b) Harshdev
(c) Vijaypal
(d) Yashovarman
Which Sinhalese ruler tried to find and restore
the gold statue of the Buddha which was taken
away by the Pandyan king Shrimara
Shrivallabha?
(a) Udaya I
(b) Udaya II
(c) Sena I
(d) Sena II

371.

Chokhamela was a:
(a) Marathi merchant
(b) Marwari merchant
(c) Marwari saint-poet
(d) Marathi saint-poet

Who were known as the ‘lords of the
dakshinapatha’?
(a) Pandya rulers (b) Satavahana rulers
(c) Chera rulers
(d) Chola rulers

364.

Mirza Hakim was half brother of the Mughal
Emperor:
(a) Babur
(b) Humayun
(c) Akbar
(d) Jahangir

370.

362.

368.

Page 28



372.

The Rashtrakutas were initially subordinate
to the:
(a) Cheras
(b) Chalukyas
(c) Cholas
(d) Pandyas

373.

The Begumpuri mosque was built in the reign
of which Delhi Sultan?
(a) Ghiyasuddin Tughluq
(b) Muhammad Tughluq
(c) Firuz Shah Tughluq
(d) Alauddin Khalji

374.

I. Mughal emperor Babur succeeded to the
throne of Ferghana in 1494 at the age of
15.
II. In 1526 Babur defeated the Sultan of Delhi,
Ibrahim Lodi, at Delhi.
III. Akbar was 13 years old when he became
emperor.

right reason for A

375.

376.

377.

Who started the Asiatic Society of Bengal?
(a) William Carey
(b) Thomas Babington Macaulay
(c) William Jones
(d) William Adam

379.

(a) I only
(b) II only
(c) II and III
(d) III only

378.

The Government Sanskrit College in Benaras
was established in:
(a) 1791
(b) 1820
(c) 1836
(d) 1898

380.

Who among the following was against the
promotion of vernaculars in Indian education?
(a) Henry Thomas Colebrooke
(b) Thomas Babington Macaulay
(c) Nathaniel Halhed
(d) William Jones

381.

I. The Wood’s Despatch emphasised on the
importance of oriental learning.
II. Shantiniketan was established by
Mahatma Gandhi in 1901.

Who was the Mughal Emperor during the
rebellion of 1857?
(a) Akbar Shah
(b) Shah Alam
(c) Muhammad Shah
(d) Bahadur Shah Zafar
Banabhatta was the court poet of which of
the following Indian monarchs?
(a) Chandragupta Maurya
(b) Chandragupta
(c) Vikramaditya
(d) Harshvardhana
A : The Indian Railways had to turn to TISCO
for supply of rails in the 1910s.
R : World War I broke out in 1914.
reason for A


(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
382.

In 1854, the Court of Directors of the East
India Company in London sent an educational
despatch to the Governor-General in India. It
was known as the:
(a) Wood’s Despatch
(b) Macaulay’s Despatch
(c) Mill’s Despatch
(d) Colebrooke’s Despatch

383.

The English Education Act, following
Macaulay’s minute, was introduced in:
(a) 1815
(b) 1825
(c) 1835
(d) 1845

Page 29


384.

The Satnami movement in Central India was
founded by:
(a) Haridas Thakur
(b) Ghasidas
(c) Shri Narayana Guru
(d) Dayanand Saraswati

385.

I. Rammohun Roy was keen to spread the
knowledge of Western education In India.
II. Jyotiba Phule was an ardent supporter of
the anti-colonial nationalism.

391.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
392.

Who founded the Ramakrishna Mission?
(a) Swami Vivekanand
(b) Swami Dayanand Saraswati
(c) Raja Rammohun Roy
(d) Baba Amte

393.

Thomas Daniell and William Daniell are known
for their paintings of:
(a) the great warrior kings of India
(b) war scenes in India
(c) picturesque landscapes of India
(d) Indian traditions

394.

I. According to the Ilbert Bill, Indian judges
were not allowed to try the Europeans.
II. The Indian National Congress during its
first twenty years was extremist in its
objectives and methods.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
386.

The Satyashodhak Samaj was founded by:
(a) Raja Rammohun Roy
(b) Swami Vivekanand
(d) Jyotiba Phule

387.

Who wrote the book Gulamgiri?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Jyotiba Phule
(d) Vinoba Bhave

388.

Who started the temple entry movement in
1927?
(a) Bhimrao Ambedkar
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Vinoba Bhave
(d) Baba Amte

389.

The Self Respect Movement was started by:
(a) Jyotiba Phule
(b) E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Bhimrao Ambedkar

390.

I. According to the Child Marriage Restraint
Act of 1929 no woman below the age of
16 could marry.
II. The Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College
was founded in 1905.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
395.

Who among the following was, for a time,
member of the British Parliament?
(a) Surendranath Banerji
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji
(c) Pherozshah Mehta
(d) W.C. Bonnerji

Keshub Chunder Sen was one of the main
leaders of the:
(a) Satnami Movement
(b) Prarthana Samaj
(c) Brahmo Samaj
(d) Arya Samaj

Page 30



396.

397.

398.

I. A.O. Hume tried to bring in a bill through
the British Parliament to ban the Indian
National Congress
II. Pherozeshah Mehta joined the Indian
National Congress during its extremist era.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
Who was the first president of the Indian
National Congress?
(a) W.C. Bonnerji
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji
(c) Badruddin Tyadji
(d) Surendranath Banerji
Who was the viceroy of India when the Arms
Act was enacted which disallowed Indians
from possessing arms?
(a) Lord Ripon
(b) Lord Lyyton
(c) Lord Lansdowne
(d) Lord Northbrook

399.

“Freedom is my birthright and I shall have it”.
Who said these famous words?
(a) Lala Lajpat Rai
(b) Bepin Chandra Pal
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose

The Swadesi Movement was an immediate
reaction to the:
(a) Jallianwala Bagh massacre
(b) Defence of India Act
(c) Partition of Bengal
(d) Rowlatt Act

404.

Who was the viceroy of India when the All
India Muslim League was formed?
(a) Lord Curzon
(b) Lord Lytton
(c) Lord Minto
(d) Lord Lansdowne

405.

I. The Muslim League supported the
partition of Bengal.
II. The Non-cooperation Movement in deltaic
Andhra was known as the Vandematram
Movement.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

406.

Who founded the Indian Association in 1876?
(a) W.C. Bonnerji
(b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(c) Pherozshah Mehta
(d) Surendranath Banerji

400.

403.

I. According to partition of Bengal by
Curzon, Bihar, Orissa and Assam were
to on one side and Bengal on the other
side.
II. The partition of Bengal was done for
administrative convenience.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

Who was the viceroy of India when the
Vernacular Press Act was enacted?
(a) Lord Lytton
(b) Lord Ripon
(c) Lord Canning (d) Lord Dufferin

What is the importance of the Surat Split of
1907?
(a) The Indian National Congress was split in
two groups – the moderates and the
extremists.
(b) The partition of Bengal was announced in
1907 in Surat.

Who partitioned Bengal in 1905?
(a) Lord Ripon
(b) Lord Curzon
(c) Lord Minto
(d) Lord Lytton

402.

The demand of separate electorates, made
by the Muslim league, was conceded by the
government in:
(a) 1905
(b) 1907
(c) 1909
(d) 1912

408.

401.

407.


Page 31


(c) The government conceded the demand of
the Muslim League for separate
electorates.
(d) The Muslim League was formed under Aga
Khan.
409.

410.

411.

415.

The Khilafat issue was related to the:
(a) Partition of Bengal
(b) Muslim League
(c) Turkish Sultan
(d) Nizam of Hyderabad.

The Lucknow pact of 1916 was signed
between:
(a) the extremists and the moderates of the
Indian National Congress.
(b) the Indian National Congress and the
Muslim League.
(c) the Indian National Congress and the
government.
(d) the Muslim League and the government.

416.

A : Mahatma Gandhi called off the NonCooperation Movement in February 1922.
R : A police station in Chauri Chaura was set
on fire in 1922.

Which event, during the World War I, inspired
the nationalists in India?
(a) American Civil War
(b) French Revolution
(c) Russian Revolution
(d) First Italo-Ethiopian war
When did Mahatma Gandhi arrive in India?
(a) 1910
(b) 1912
(c) 1915
(d) 1919

412.

The Champaran Satyagraha was against:
(a) the enormously high taxes imposed on
the poor people.
(b) indigo plantation in Champaran.
(c) the Rowlatt Act.
(d) the Defence of India Act.

414.

III. The Rowlatt Act imposed judgement
without trial in India.
IV. The Rowlatt Act was enacted in 1915.

417.

The Simon Commission came to India in:
(a) 1924
(b) 1925
(c) 1926
(d) 1927

418.

founders of the Hindustan Socialist
Republican Association in 1928?
(a) Subhash Chandra Bose
(b) Bipin Chandra Pal
(c) Chitta Ranjan Das
(d) Bhagat Singh

419.

Members of the Hindustan Socialist
Republican Association assassinated
Saunders, a police officer, to avenge the death
of:
(b) Lala Lajpat Rai
(c) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d) Bipin Chandra Pal

420.

When did the Indian National Congress
contest its first elections?
(a) 1930
(b) 1934
(c) 1937
(d) 1941

Who was the viceroy of India when the
Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place?
(a) Lord Chelmsford(b) Sydney Rowlatt
(c) Lord Curzon
(d) Lord Irwin

413.

reason for A
right reason for A

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
Page 32



421.

427.

Who wrote the book Poverty and Un-British
rule in India?
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji
(b) Badruddin Tyabji
(c) W.C. Bonnerji
(d) Vallabhbhai Patel

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
422.

I. The Simon Commission had only two
Indian representatives.
II. The Indian National Congress launched
the Quit India Movement during the World
War II.

428.

I. Division on boycott was the main reason
for the Surat Split of 1907.
II. The All India Muslim League was formed
in Lahore in 1906.

Who said the words “do or die” at the start of
the Quit India Movement?
(a) Subhash Chandra Bose
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Vallabhbhai Patel

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
429.

Mahatma Gandhi asked the Indian people to
observe 6 April 1919 as a day of non-violent
opposition to the:
(a) Government of India Act
(b) Rowlatt Act
(c) Defence of India Act
(d) Indian Press Act

Who became the first Indian Governor-General
of free India?
(a) Chakravarti Rajagopalachari
(b) Lal Bahadur Shastri
(c) Rajendra Prasad
(d) Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

430.

Who among the following renounced his
knighthood?
(a) Rabindranath Tagore
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Surendranath Benerji
(d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale

I. Lala Lajpat Rai was among the moderates
section of the Indian National Congress.
II. The first session of the Indian National
Congress was held in Pune.

431.

Potti Sriramulu, a Gandhian leader, went on
a hunger fast demanding the formation of:
(a) Karnataka
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Kerala
(d) Andhra Pradesh

432.

The bilingual state of Bombay was divided
into two states in:
(a) 1955
(b) 1957
(c) 1960
(d) 1966

423.

Who formed the Azad Hind Fauj to free India
from British control?
(a) Chandra Shekhar Azad
(b) Bhagat Singh
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose

424.

425.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
426.

Who among the following announced August
16, 1946 as the “Direct Action Day”?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Vallabhbhai Patel
(c) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru


Page 33


433.

I. The British annexed Nagpur through the
Doctrine of Lapse.
II. The British gained Orissa from the
Marathas after winning the second AngloMaratha War.

Which of the following rulers entrusted a
scholar to write Kitab-al Hind, an account of
the Indian subcontinent?
(a) Akbar
(b) Babar
(c) Muhammad Ghori
(d) Mahmud of Ghazni

440.

X defeated Muhammad Ghori in 1191 AD, but
lost to him the very next year, in 1192 AD.
Who was X?
(a) Cholas
(b) Pandyas
(c) Chahamanas
(d) Pratiharas

441.

Prashastis, written by learned Brahmanas,
were:
(a) biographies of foreign invaders.
(b) praise of the ruler.
(c) in praise of their own works and talents.
(d) in praise of the empire and its natural
resources.

442.

Delhi first became the capital of a kingdom
under :
(a) Tomara Rajputs
(b) Chahamanas of Ajmer
(c) Qutbuddin Aybak
(d) Ghiyasuddin Balban

443.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

439.

Which of the following female rulers changed
her name and pretended to be a man?
(a) Raziyya
(b) Kumaradevi
(c) Didda
(d) Rudramadevi

444.

Military expeditions from the Delhi Sultanate
into southern India started during the reign
of:
(a) Qutbuddin Aybak
(b) Raziyya
(c) Jalaluddin Khalji
(d) Alauddin Khalji

434. To break the salt law, Mahatma Gandhi
marched from Sabarmati to:
(a) Surat
(b) Ahamedabad
(c) Baroda
(d) Dandi
435.

Which Chola ruler raided and captured the
Southeast Asian empire Srivijaya and harbour
cities of Sumatra and Malay Peninsula?
(a) Vijayalaya
(b) Rajendra I
(c) Rajendra II
(d) Raja Raja I

436.

Why was the ‘Hiranya-Garbha’ ritual
performed?
(a) It was thought to lead to the “rebirth” of
the sacrificer as a Kshatriya
(b) It was thought to lead to the “rebirth” of
the sacrificer as a Brahmana
(c) It was thought to lead to the “rebirth” of
the sacrificer as a heir to his own empire
(d) None of the above.

437.

438.

What do you understand by the term Vetti
regarding the Cholas?
(a) name of a warship under King Rajendra I
(b) a ritual performed by the Chola Kings
(c) a tax levied the Cholas
(d) a piece of land won by the Cholas
overthrowing some other ruler
The “tripartite struggle” for control over Kanauj
was between:
(a) Gurjara-Pratiharas, Rashtrakutas and
Palas
(b) Cholas, Rashtrakutas and Pandyas
(c) Chahamanas, Paramaras and Palas
(d) Cholas, Cheras and Pandyas

Page 34



445.

What is the Bandagan system used by the
early Delhi Sultans in their administration?
(a) the Delhi Sultans appointed their wives
instead of appointing aristocrats or leaders
to high administrative posts
(b) the Delhi Sultans appointed their trust
worthy slaves instead of appointing
aristocrats or leaders to high
administrative posts
(c) the Delhi Sultans decided to appoint their
family members instead of appointing
aristocrats or leaders to high
(d) the Delhi Sultans removed all the high

446.

Siri Fort was built under which Delhi Sultan?
(a) Alauddin Khalji
(b) Firuz Shah Tughlaq
(c) Muhammad Tughluq
(d) Jalaluddin Khilji

448.

Which Delhi Sultan emptied and garrisoned
the old city Dehli-i Kuhna and sent its
residents to Daulatabad in the south?
(a) Jalaluddin Khilji
(b) Muhammad Tughluq
(c) Ghiyasuddin Balban
(d) Bahlul Lodi

451.

Who defeated Mughal emperor Humayun in
1540 AD and captured Delhi to establish his
own dynasty?
(a) Ibrahim Lodi
(b) Sher Shah Suri
(c) Vikramaditya
(d) Firuz Shah Suri

452.

The authors of Persian tawarikh criticised the
Delhi Sultans:
(a) for preserving an unjust social order based
on birthright.
(b) for treating their daughters as inferior to
their sons.
(c) for appointing their loyal slaves to high
administrative posts.

453.

Which of the following is the right
chronological order of the dynasties that ruled
Delhi?
(a) Sayyid, Khalji, Tughluq, Lodi
(b) Khalji, Tughluq, Lodi, Sayyid
(c) Khalji, Tughluq, Sayyid, Lodi
(d) Tughluq, Khalji, Sayyid, Lodi

454.

The mother of Shah Jahan was a Rajput
princess, daughter of the ruler of:
(a) Amber
(b) Marwar
(c) Mewar
(d) Bundelkhand

455.

I. Abul Fazl wrote a three volume history of
Akbar’s reign titled Ain-i Akbari
II. The third volume is known as Akbar Nama
III. The third volume dealt with Akbar’s
ancestors.

Kharaj is a type of tax collected under the
Sultans of Delhi. It was a tax levied on:
(a) cultivation
(b) cattle
(c) road
(d) houses

447.

(c) Coins minted in Delhi during the early
medieval India
(d) Garrisoned towns in Delhi during the early
medieval India

449.

450.

Who was the first Delhi Sultan to plan to
capture Mongol territory?
(a) Shamsuddin Iltutmish
(b) Ghiyasuddin Balban
(c) Ghiyasuddin Tughluq
(d) Muhammad Tughluq
What are Delhiwal?
(a) Land tax in Delhi during the early medieval
India
(b) Tax on trading activities in Delhi during
the early medieval India


(a) I only
(b) I and II
(c) III

Page 35


456.

Zabt was a revenue system adopted during
the Mughal period in India. It was:
(a) a system where tax was directly
proportional to the land owned, even if it
was not cultivated.
(b) based on a survey of crop yields, prices
and areas cultivated for a ten-year period.
(c) based on past year performance of the
cultivator.
(d) a system which brought soldiers in the
tax paying ambit.

457.

Aurangzeb’s son who rebelled, along with the
Marathas, against his father was:
(a) Bahadur Shah
(b) Azam Shah
(c) Muhammad Akbar

Todar Mal was the revenue minister for:
(a) Babur
(b) Humayun
(c) Shah Jahan
(d) Akbar

463.

A : Humayun’s second tenure as the Mughal
emperor lasted just for an year.
R : Humayun was defeated by Sher Shah Suri
at Chausa and Kanauj.
(a) if A and R both are true and R is the right
reason for A
(b) if A and R both are true but R is not the
right reason for A
(c) A is true but not R
(d) R is true but not A

Maratha ruler Shivaji was defeated and
insulted by:
(a) Aurangzeb
(b) Akbar
(c) Safavid Khan (d) Jahangir

458.

462.

459.

460.

464.

Abul Fazl was a courtier and a close friend
of:
(a) Akbar
(b) Humayun
(c) Shah Jahan
(d) Babur

I. The Mughals did not believe in the rule of
primogeniture.
II. Aurangzeb introduced the revenue system
called zabt.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

465.

In the custom of coparcenary inheritance, a
father’s property is inherited:
(a) to the eldest son
(b) to the most able son
(c) to the eldest daughter
(d) among all his sons

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
461.

Consider the following statements regarding
the Mughal empire in India.
I. Humayun was the emperor for a longer
period than his father Babur.
II. Babur was the emperor for more than 10
years.

466.

I. Ain-i Akbari was not written by Abul Fazl,
the author of the Akbar Nama.
II. Mehrunnisa was married to the Emperor
Humayun.

I. From their father’s side, the Mughals were
the successors of Genghis Khan.
II. Timur was the ruler of Mongol tribes.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
Page 36



467.

The Lichchhavis group was a part of which of
the following mahajanapadas?
(a) Malla
(b) Vajji
(c) Panchala
(d) Kashi

468.

Which of the following events occurred the
first?
(a) Introduction of the Permanent Settlement
(b) East India Compant appointed as the
Diwan of Bengal
(c) ‘Blue Rebellion’ by indigo farmers
(d) Introduction of the Mahalwari Settlement

469.

Which of the following Governor-Generals of
India decided that after the then Mughal
Emperor’s death none of his descendants
would be recognised as kings?
(a) Lord Ripon
(b) Lord Canning
(c) Lord Dalhousie (d) Lord Curzon

470.

471.

472.

473.

Who among the following was also know as
‘Periyar’?
(a) Henry Derozio
(b) Swami Vivekananda
(c) Shri Narayana Guru
(d) E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker
In 1803, the British gained control of Delhi
after defeating the:
(a) Marathas
(b) Mughal emperor Akbar Shah
(c) Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah
(d) Sikhs of Punjab
What is a cul-de-sac?
(a) a street along a circular path
(b) a fort with several gates
(c) a street with a dead end
(d) a fort with no windows
Which of the following period in Delhi’s history
is also known as a period of Delhi
renaissance?
(a) 1830-1857
(b) 1857-1875
(c) 1875-1890
(d) 1890-1911


474.

In the second half of the nineteenth century,
which of the following came to be known as
the “workshop of the world”?
(a) Russia
(b) Britain
(c) France
(d) Germany

475.

I. A Durbar was held in Delhi in 1911 by the
British to acknowledge Queen Victoria as
the empress of India.
II. The Delhi College, formed in 1792, is now
known as Lady Shri Ram College for
Women.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

476.

The Portuguese first entered India through:
(a) Surat
(b) Calicut
(c) Bombay
(d) Goa

477.

I. India became world’s largest producer of
cotton after the British conquered Bengal
in 1757.
II. “Muslin” was a name given by the
Europeans to finely woven textiles.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

478.

Patola weave is an ancient art from:
(a) Gujarat
(b) Karnataka
(c) Punjab
(d) Tamil Nadu

479.

The Calico Act of 1720, enacted by the British
government, was to ban:
(a) ban the use of chintz in England.
(b) ban the import of cotton from India.
(c) ban the use of indigo for dying cloths.
(d) ban the import of Indian indigo to promote
woad for dying cloths.

480.

Who invented the steam engine?
(a) Nicolas Joseph Cugnot
(b) Richard Arkwright
(c) Gottlieb Daimler
(d) Karl Benz
Page 37


481.

I. With the start of the nineteenth century,
demand for the Indian woven cloth
increased enormously in Europe, Africa
and America.
II. The charkha was put on the flag of the
Indian National Congress in 1931.

487.

Who wrote the book ‘Two Treatises of
Government’?
(a) Rousseau
(b) Thomas Hobbes
(c) Pierre Joseph Proudhon
(d) John Locke

488.

Which is the first ever known autobiography
of an Indian woman?
(a) City of two gateways
(b) Beyond the jungle
(c) Amar Jiban
(d) My reminiscences

489.


(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
482.

The first cotton mill in India was set up in:
(a) Madras
(b) Surat
(c) Calcutta
(d) Bombay

483.

484.

I.

National Food for Work Programme was
launched in 1975.
II. Antyodaya is a kind of ration card issued
by the government.

Wootz is a type of:
(a) cotton
(b) steel
(c) printed textile (d) dye
The tank in Hauz Khas complex in Delhi was
constructed by:
(a) Akbar
(b) Shah Jahan
(c) Aurangzeb
(d) Allauddin Khilji

485.

Who among the following was a famous
Sanskrit grammarian?
(a) Satyakama Jabala
(b) Gargi Vachaknavi
(c) Panini
(d) Lopamudra

MISCELLANEOUS
486.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
490.

Who is the first woman train driver for the
Northern Railways?
(a) Savitribai Phule
(b) Toolika Rani
(c) Laxmi Lakra
(d) Shail Mishra

491.

Kesar Saga is:
(a) a Tibetan epic
(b) a Bangla epic
(c) Burmese national anthem
(d) a Tamil epic

492.

Which of the following states has the highest
per capita income?
(a) Delhi
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Kerala
(d) Goa

I.

Buffer stock increases commodity prices
when supplies are short.
II. Decrease in Minimum Support Price
means increase in farmer income.
(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none

Page 38



493.


Which of the following is the first state in India
to introduce the midday meal scheme?
(a) Kerala
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Gujarat
(d) Karnataka

497.

Article 17 of the Indian Constitution is about:
(a) Right to religion
(b) Right to freedom
(c) Right to education
(d) Right to equality

498.

Highest contributing sector to the GDP of
India is the secondary sector.
II. Primary sector’s contribution to the GDP
of India is almost double the contribution
made by the tertiary sector.

496.

Which of the following states has the highest
infant mortality rate (IMR) in India?
(a) Bihar
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Haryana

499.

COPRA 1986 is:
(a) Consumer Protection Act
(b) Company Protection Act
(c) Corruption Prevention Act

500.

Self Help Groups (SHG) are groups of:
(a) Security personnel in rural areas
(b) Money lenders in rural areas
(c) Medics in rural areas
(d) craftsmen in rural areas

I.

(a) I
(b) II
(c) I and II
(d) none
494.

495.

According to the Constitution of India, who
among the villagers is a member of a Gram
Sabha?
(a) Anyone who is 35 years old or above and
elected by the Gram Panchayat to the
Gram Sabha
(b) Anyone who is 35 years old or above
(c) Anyone who is elected by the Gram
Panchayat to the Gram Sabha
(d) Anyone who has the right to vote in the
concered village.
‘Gram Sevak’ is a term used for:
(a) Gram Panchayat President
(b) Gram Panchayat Secretary
(c) Ward Panch
(d) Gram Sabha member


Page 39


Answers and Explanations
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b
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51
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b
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101
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c
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151
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c
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201
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c
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251
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b
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301
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b
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d
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d
a
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b

351
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b
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d
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c
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c

401
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b
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451
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b
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a
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Page 1


Geography

16. b

The river Ganga bifurcates in West Bengal. The
subsidiary branch, the Bhagirathi, winds south to
form the Hooghly river.

1. b

The part of the Himalayas lying between Satluj and
Kali rivers is known as Kumaon Himalayas.

17. c

2. d

Northern Circar is the northern part of eastern
coastal plains of India. The Malabar coast and the
Kannad Plain are the southern and central stretches
of the western coastal plains.

The gravity of the earth pulls all materials on its
surface downwards. These downward movements
are called mass movement or mass wasting.

18. a

With its hundreds of tributaries, the Amazon drains
a territory of more than 7 million sq km, roughly half
of which is in Brazil.

The Moho discontinuity, named after the geologist
Mohorovicic, is the boundary between earth’s crust
and earth’s mantle.

19. d

The outer core is a liquid region composed mostly of
iron, with smaller amounts of nickel and sulphur in
liquid form. The inner core is solid and is composed
mostly of iron and nickel.
As the core is made up of mainly metals, it is also
known as the metallic core.

20. c

The continental crust is less dense than the oceanic
crust because the continental crust is made of a mix
of light and dense rocks while the oceanic crust is
composed mostly of dense igneous rocks.

21. b

Oxygen is the most abundant element of the earth’s
crust followed by silicon, aluminium and iron.

22. c

Granite is an igneous rock of visible crystalline
formation and texture. It is composed of feldspar
and quartz, with a small amount of mica.

23. d

The average thickness of the oceanic crust is about
5 km while the average thickness of the continental
crust is about 40 km.
The asthenosphere is a 100 km thick layer found at
the top of the lower mantle.

24. b

Igneous rocks are formed by the solidification of
magma while metamorphic rocks and sedimentary
rocks are composed of pre-existing rocks.

25. b

Shale is a sedimentary rock formed by the
consolidation of beds of clay or mud.
When two continental plates converge, neither plate
can be forced under the other. Instead, folds may be
created. The Himalayas have been formed in this
way.

26. d

The San Andreas fault is a rift caused, not by collision
between plates, but by the movement of plates away
from each other.
The inner core of the earth is solid and made of iron,
nickel and sulphur.

27. c

Lake Baikal, the deepest lake in the world, is a fresh
water lake located in Siberia. It is the deepest lake in
the world with a maximum depth of 1,637 m. It is
estimated to contain approximately one-fifth of all
the earth’s fresh surface water.

3. b

4. a

A trellis drainage pattern develops where hard and
soft rocks exist parallel to each other.

5. d
6. a

The northern plains, lying at the foothills of the
Himalayas, were formed by the deposition of alluvium
over millions of years in this basin.

7. b

Anamudi, at 2695 metres, is the highest peak of the
Western Ghats.

8. b

The northern plains start with the bhabhar belt while
the terai belt lies south of the bhabhar.
The streams which disappear in the bhabhar reemerge in the terai belt.

9. d

Lohit is a tributary of river Brahmaputra.

10. b

Plants take in carbon dioxide through the stomata of
the leaves.

11. a

The Central Highlands lie north of the Narmada river
covering a major area of the Malwa plateau. The
Deccan Trap is of volcanic origin hence it is made up
of igneous rocks.

12. d

It is the bhangar belt which is made up of older
alluvium. The khadar are newer, younger deposits
of the flood plains.

13. a
14. a

Plants cannot absorb atmospheric nitrogen through
stomata of the leaves. The gaseous nitrogen is
converted to useful form by bacteria in the soil,
which can finally be absorbed by the roots along
with water and other minerals.

15. b

According to the Indus Water Treaty of 1960, India
can use only 20% of the total water carried by the
Indus river system.
The Brahmaputra takes a U turn on reaching the
Mount Namcha Barwa and enters India in Arunachal
Pradesh through a gorge.

Page 2



28. d

The Pamir Knot is the meeting place of many
mountains. It is located in the extreme north of India.

29. b

K2, at 8,611 m, is the second tallest mountain in the
world. Only Mount Everest is taller than K2.

30. b

Verkhoyansk is the coldest place in the northern
hemisphere with a mean January temperature of
–45°C.

Schumacher believed that natural resources should
be conserved and concluded that large industries
and large cities would lead to the depletion of natural
resources.

43. d

31. b

1 nautical mile = 1.852 km

32. d

According to the widely accepted Law of the Sea
(Maritime Law), each nation that borders the ocean
may claim an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), which
extends offshore for 200 nautical miles. Resources
within an EEZ belong to the nation that claims it.

In India hydroelectric power contributes
approximately 22% of the total electricity produced
About 70% of world’s total freshwater occurs as
ice sheets and glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland and
the mountainous regions of the world, while a little
less than 30 % is stored as groundwater in the
world’s aquifers.

44. d

Fossil fuels are non renewable and non recyclable
resources.
Inexhaustible resources are a subset of renewable
resources. There are resources which are
renewable, like wildlife, but not inexhaustible.

45. b

The Net Sown Area is over 80% of the total surface
area in Punjab and Haryana.

46. a

The IUCN headquarters is at Gland, Switzerland.

47. a

Madhuca Insignis, a wild variety of mahua, is now
on the verge of extinction. Azadirachta Indica (neem
tree), Prosopis Juliflora (vilayati kikar) and Acacia
nilotica (babul) are extensively found in India.

48. c

The State of Forest Report includes plantations in
natural forests and therefore fails to deliver accurate
information about actual loss of natural forests.

49. c

Gayal, also known as Mithun, is a massive
semidomesticated ox found in India. Gayals are
raised in eastern states like Assam and Arunachal
Pradesh for meat and milk

50. b

33. c

42. b

In the 1970s and 1980s, the Chipko movement in
India fought for preservation of the forests that
provided livelihood to the people.

51. b

Jawaharlal Nehru proudly proclaimed the dams as
the ‘temples of modern India’; the reason being that it
would integrate development of agriculture and the
village economy with rapid industrialisation and
growth of the urban economy.

52. b

China is the largest producer of rice in the world
while India stands at number two.

53. a

Bhoodan-Gramdan movement initiated by Vinobha
Bhave is also known as the Blood-less Revolution.

Buxa Tiger Reserve lies in Alipurduar sub-division
of Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal.

54. c

Rearing of silk worms for the production of silk fibre
is known as sericulture.

Dolomite is CaMg(CO3)2 which is calcium magnesium
carbonate.

55. b

Operation Flood, also known as the White Revolution,
was a dairy development programme launched in
India in 1970.

In terms of installed capacity, Tamil Nadu is ranked
number 1 followed by Maharashtra, Karnataka,
Gujarat and Rajasthan.

34. a

In wind power generation, kinetic energy of the
blades is converted into electrical energy.

35. d

The bauxite reserve in Odisha is of the order of
1607 million tonnes which is more than half of the
country’s total reserve.

36. c

Net Sown Area represents the total area sown with
crops and orchards. Area sown more than once in
the same year is counted only once.
Gross Crop Area represents the total area sown
once and/or more than once in a particular year, i.e.
the area is counted as many times as there are
sowings in a year.

37. c
38. d

39. b

40. b

41. a

Mountains account for 30% of the total surface area
of India while about 43% of the area of the country
is plain area.
The first National Forest Policy after independence
was set up in 1952.
The Rose-ringed Parakeet population is widely
distributed all over India and in many parts of Central
Africa. It is given the ‘least concern’ conservation
status by the International Union for Conservation of
Nature and Natural Resources.
The Indian wild ass, found in the Rann of Kutch and
Pakistan, is an endangered animal.


Page 3


56. a

In Odisha high grade hematite ore is found in
Badampahar mines in the Mayurbhanj and Kendujhar
districts.

69. a

57. d

Mica is mined in Ajmer and Beawar districts of
Rajasthan, Gaya in Bihar and Nellore district in Andhra
Pradesh.

70. d

58. c

Argon is the third most abundant gas comprising
0.93% of the atmosphere.

72. b

Pole Star (North Start) is in north direction. Tamil Nadu
is south of Karnataka and Arabian Sea is left of
Karnataka. Maximum area of Karnataka lies below
Maharashtra (not Andhra Pradesh). So you will most
probably reach Maharashtra.

73. a

Venus is called ‘Earth’s-Twin’ because its size and
shape are very much similar to that of the earth.

74. c

Narmada is one of the only three major rivers in India
that flow westewards and drain into the Arabian
Sea, Tapi and Mahi being the other two.

75. d

Angel falls in Venezuela (South America) is the
highest waterfall in the world.

76. a

Llanos are tropical grasslands in Venezuela. Pampas
and Prairie are temperate grasslands in Argentina
and North America respectively.

77. b

Taiga are coniferous trees found in very cold and
snow covered regions of the world.

78. c

Anthracite is highest quality hard coal. It has the
highest fixed-carbon content and the lowest amount
of volatile material of all types of coal.

71. b

Ox-bow is a type of lake cut off from a river due to
continuous deposition over the meanders.

59. a
60. b

61. a

62. b

The greatest depth in the world has been recorded
at Mariana Trench (11,022 metres) in the Pacific
Ocean. Puerto Rico Trench is the deepest point in
Atlantic ocean. Eurasia Basin and Java Trench are
the deepest points in Arctic Ocean and Indian Ocean
respectively.
Africa is the only continent through which all three
of the Tropic of Cancer, the Equator and the Tropic
of Capricorn pass through. Only the Tropic of Cancer
and the Equator pass through Asia. Arctic Circle
also passes through Asia.
An isthmus is a narrow strip of land that joins two
landmasses. The Isthmus of Panama (contains the
country of Panama and the Panama Canal) links the
two continents. Other three does no exist.

63. c
64. d

65. a

Sundari is found in mangrove forests of the
Sundarbans. Sundarbans have been named after
Sundari.

Strait of Dover connects the North Sea and the
English Channel. Strait of Gibraltar connects the
Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean sea, Bab-elMandeb connects the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden.

79. a
80. a

The Andes in South America are the longest mountain
range in the world with an approximate length of
7200 km.

Tawa Matsya Sangh a cooperative of fisherworkers
in Madhya Pradesh. It is an organisation fighting for
the rights of the displaced forest dwellers of the
Satpura forest in Madhya Pradesh

81. a
66. c
82. a

68. b

Page 4

To have a standard time all over the country, we
cannot calculate time on the basis of the sun’s
movement in the sky. It is therefore necessary to
adopt the local time of some central meridian of the
country as the standard time. The IST is calculated
from a clock tower located in Mirzapur (Uttar
Pradesh) which is located on the Standard Meridian
of India (82.5° E).
Mahogany, Ebony and Rosewood are important trees
of tropical rain forests (evergreen forests) while
Teal, Sal and Shisham are important tropical
deciduous forest (monsoon forests) trees.

Tamil Nadu is the first and the only state in India
which has made roof top rainwater harvesting
structure compulsory to all the houses across the
state. There are legal provisions to punish the
defaulters.

83. c

Aus, Aman and Boro are three main crop varieties
of rice grown in states like West Bengal and Odisha.

84. c

67. c

Jute is a Kharif season crop.

85. a

Maharashtra is the largest producer of jowar in India
followed by the states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh
and Madhya Pradesh.



The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar district
of Rajasthan have declared 1,200 hectares of forest
as the Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’, declaring their
own set of rules and regulations which do not allow
hunting, and are protecting the wildlife against any
outside encroachments.
Biogas has higher thermal efficiency in comparison
to kerosene, dung cake and charcoal.
Madhya Pradesh is the biggest producer of copper
in India. The Balaghat mines produce about 50% of
India’s copper.

106. a

Alluvial soils are of two types – Khadar, the new
alluvium cover, and Bhangar, the old alluvium cover.
The Panchmarhi Biosphere Reserve located at
Satpura Hill-ranges in Central India in the State of
Madhya Pradesh. It was designated as Biosphere
Reserve in 1999.
The state of Madhya Pradesh has the largest forest
cover in the country at 77,700 square km followed
by Aruncachal Pradesh at 67, 410 square km.

109. a

Forest area of India is about 23% of the total area
while the net sown area is about 46% of the total
area.

110. c

Red soil has high iron content and is fit for crops like
red gram, Bengal gram and green gram.

111. c

In India, the total protected forest area and the total
reserved forest area are about 55% and 30% of the
total forest area.
Out of the total wasteland area in India, the forest
degraded area is more than 50% while the water
eroded area is around 30%.

112. b

The four coral reef areas identified for conservation
and management in India are : Gulf of Mannar, Gulf
of Kutch, Lakshadweep Islands and Andaman and
Nicobar Islands.

113. b

The historical Sher Shah Suri Marg between Delhi
and Amritsar is the National Highway-1 of India.

104. a

108. a

87. c

Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to
December and harvested in summer from April to
June.

107. d

National Highway-7 is the longest and traverses 2,
369 km between Varanasi and Kanyakumari.

103. b

105. c

86. a

The local name for the black soil in the deccan is
regur soil.

114. c

In terms of percentage of forest cover in relation to
total geographical area, Mizoram tops with 90.68%
followed by Lakshadweep Islands with 84.56%.

115. c

Van Mahotsav in India is celebrated in first week of
July.

88. a
89. b
90. d
91. b

Marmagao port (Goa) is the premier iron ore exporting
port of the country. This port accounts for about
fifty per cent of India’s iron ore export.

92. d

Oil India Ltd. (OIL) is jointly owned by public and
private sector.
Cryolite is an aluminium ore which is also used in the
electrolytic processing of bauxite.

93. c

India is the largest producer of raw jute and jute
goods and stands at second place as an exporter
after Bangladesh.

94. b
95. c

96. d

Fluoride in the teeth and saliva increases the ability
of teeth to replace minerals immediately when decayproducing acids attack the teeth.
Lignite is a low grade brown coal, which is soft with
high moisture content.
One tonne of steel requires nearly 10 kg of
manganese.

97. b

Assam is the oldest oil producing state of India.
Digboi, Naharkatiya and Moran-Hugrijan are the
important oil fields in the state.

98. a

Rawatbhata nuclear power station, also known as
Rajasthan Atomic Power Plant, is a nuclear power
plant located in Rawatbhata, Rajasthan.

99. c
100. a

The black monazite sand of the coastal regions of
Kerala contains radioactive material thorium.

101. c

There are about 70 jute mills in India. Most of these
are located in West Bengal, mainly along the banks
of the Hugli river.

102. a

The cane produced in these states has higher
sucrose content. The cooler climate also ensures a
longer crushing season. Moreover, the cooperatives
are more successful in these states. India is the
second largest producer of sugar in the world, Brazil
being at number one.


Page 5


116. c

Project Elephant, a centrally sponsored project, was
launched in 1992. Its objectives are to protect
elephants and their habitat, to address issues of
man-animal conflict and welfare of domesticated
elephants.

117. b

The Central Vigilance Commission of India was set
up in 1964 to look into the complaints of corruption
against the public servants.

118. c

119. a

120. b

According to the Human Development Report 2011,
Norway is at the top of the Human Development
Index ranking while India is at 134.
Kerala produces about nine-tenths of the total rubber
production in India.
According to the Census of India 2011, Haryana has
lowest sex ratio (861). Kerala has the highest sex
ratio (1058)

130. b

The Sutlej is the south-easternmost of the five rivers
of the Punjab which are also the tributaries of river
Indus. It rises in Tibet, flows southwest through
Himâchal Pradesh State, India, and then passes
through the great arid plains of Punjab Province,
Pakistan, joining the Indus after a course of 1,450
km.

131. a

Tapi flows in west direction while the other three
flow east.

132. c

The Narmada rises in the Amarkantak hills in Madhya
Pradesh. The Amarkantak region is the meeting point
of the Vindhyas and the Satpuras.

133. c

Brahmaputra is called Tsang Po in Tibet and Jamuna
in Bangladesh.

134. c

Godavari originates in Maharashtra while the other
three originate in Madhya Pradesh.

135. b

Godavari rises in Maharashtra near Nasik in the
Western Ghats. It flows 1,500 km generally southeast to its delta on the Bay of Bengal, into which
seven mouths of the river empty.

121. a

Except the Mediterranean sea, the other three are
lakes.

122. d

The Wular lake in Jammu and
Kashmir is the largest fresh water lake in India. This
lake is the result of the tectonic activity.

136. b

The river Kaveri makes the second biggest waterfall
in India, known as Sivasamudram.

The Bhakra Nangal Project in Himachal Pradesh led
to the formation of Guru Gobind Sagar.

137. a

The Mahanadi rises in the highlands of Chhattisgarh
and flows through Odisha to reach the Bay of Bengal.

138. b

Dhuadhar falls is located on Narmada river in Jabalpur
district of Madhyapradesh.

139. d

Koyana is a tributary of river Krishna.

140. a

Godavari has got this name because of its length
and the large area it covers.

141. d

Materials in the environment which have the potential
to satisfy human needs but human beings do not
have the appropriate technology to access them
are known as stock resources.
Resources which are found in a region, but have
not been utilised are known as potential resources.

142. a

Between June 3 and June 14, 1992, representatives
from more than 170 nations converged on Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil, for the Earth Summit.

143. b

The 1992 Earth Summit’s major theme was
sustainable economic development, meaning
development that does not use up or destroy so
many of the world’s natural resources that it cannot
be sustained over time. The meeting produced an
overall plan, called Agenda 21, in which large
developing countries promised to develop their
industries with an eye toward protecting the
environment.

123. b

124. c
125. d

Some of the areas where women and men first
began to grow crops such as wheat and barley
about 8000 years ago are located here.

126. b
127. d

Chambal Joins Yamuna in Etawah district of UP.
Yamuna Joins Ganga at Allahabad. Son River joins
River Gange near Patna, Bihar.
Chambal rises in the Vindhya Range, a mountain
system in central India, and flows in a generally
northeastern direction for 1,000 km to join the
Yamuna River.

128. b

River Tungabhadra joins river Krishna in Andhra
Pradesh.

129. a

Narmada flows between the Vindhya and Satpura
ranges in a generally southwestern direction for
1,300 km, emptying into the Gulf of Khambhat, an
arm of the Arabian Sea.

Page 6



144. c

145. d

Mahatma Gandhi placed the greedy and selfish
individuals and exploitative nature of modern
technology as the root cause for resource depletion
at the global level. He was against mass production
and wanted to replace it with the production by the
masses.

History

146. b

Forest area in the country should be 33% of the total
geographical area, according to the National Forest
Policy of 1952.

147. a

Black soil is ideal for growing cotton and is also
known as black cotton soil.

149. b

Leaching is a process in which water carries
materials in solution down from one soil level to
another. The laterite soil develops in areas with high
temperature and heavy rainfall.

150. d

The reddish colour of the red and yellow soils is due
to diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic
rocks.
Black soils are generally poor in phosphoric content.

159. d

Under the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, China ceded
Hong Kong to the British.
Both the British and the French fought the Second
Opium War against China.

160. b

After the Treaty of Nanking, the Chinese signed the
Treaty of Boque which made the British its most
favoured state. The British also got the right of ‘extraterritoriality’ through this treaty.

161. a

Vietnam signed a treaty with the French in 1862
which gave control of southern Vietnam to the
French. By 1885, the French completely took over
Vietnam. Soon Cambodia and Laos were also added
to the French Colonial Empire.

162. d

Britain occupied Egypt from Turkey to guarantee its
repayment of the huge foreign debt.

163. b

Under Aurangzeb the Mughal Empire reached its
greatest extent. In all, it comprised 21 provinces,
covering a geographical spread from Afghanistan
to the north-west to the eastern extremity of Bengal
in the east and from Kashmir in north to the Carnatic
in the south.

164. c

Aurangzeb imposed a set of Islamic laws called
Fatwa-i-Alamgiri in defence of Islam and Muslim
society.
Chin Quilich Khan, popularly known as Nizam-ulMulk, founded the state of Hyderabad in 1724 and
became the first Nizam of Hyderabad.

166. a

Nadir Shah of Iran invaded Delhi in 1738-1739 and
plundered the city. He also took away the Peacock
Throne and the Koh-i-noor diamond.

167. b

Bhakti Saints like Samarth Ramdas since the 15th
century had created in the minds of the Marathas
the abiding sense of mutual love and faith in one
God. These saints too had an influence which
emphasised on the principles of good work and purity
of heart.

Khadar is new alluvial soil. It is more fertile than the
old alluvial soil called Bangar.

148. b

Thailand is the only Southeast Asian country never
to have been occupied by any European or other
foreign power, except in war.

165. d

The 1987 Brundtland Commission, chaired by the
then Prime Minister of Norway Gro Harlem Brundtland,
on Environment and Development defined sustainable
development as development that meets the needs
of the present, without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs. Javier
Perez de Cuellar was the United Nations Secretary
General who appointed the commission.

158. a

151. c
152. c

153. b

In strip cropping, strips of grass are left to grow
between the crops. This breaks up the force of the
wind and prevents soil from eroding.
According to the International Union for Conservation
of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), species
whose population levels are considered to be normal
for their survival are called normal species.

154. a

The drug paclitaxel (Taxol), approved in 1992 for
treating ovarian and other cancers, is extracted from
the bark of the Himalayan yew.

155. c

Belgium shares its borders with France,
Luxembourg, Germany and Netherlands

168. d

According to the treaty, the Maratha Kingdom was
divided into two halves. The southern half of the
kingdom went to Sambhaji II while the Northern Half
went to Sahuji.

The headquarters of the European Union is in the
capital of Belgium, Brussels.

169. c

The Treaty made the Nizam surrender the whole of
Malwa. By this treaty, Baji Rao I also obtained from
Nizam the territory lying between rivers Narmada

156. a
157. d


Page 7


and Chambal other than 50 lakh rupees as war
compensation.

171. c

Jiziya is a poll tax that early Islamic rulers demanded
from their non-Muslim subjects. Aurangzeb imposed
this tax during his reign in India.

The Nizam of Hyderabad was the first Indian power
to accept the subsidiary alliance with pleasure.

182. a

By the Treaty of Bassein, Peshwa Baji Rao II entered
into subsidiary alliance with the British. In fact, he
had been forced to seek British protection after
Jaswant Rao Holkar captured Pune.
By the Treaty of Amritsar signed in 1809, river Sutlej
had been fixed as the boundary between the British
and Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s territories.

183. d

The Treaty of Sagauli was signed between the British
and the Gorkhas. The Gorkha leader Amar Singh
was defeated in the First Anglo-Nepalese War (181416) and signed the treaty in 1816.

184. b

The First Anglo-Sikh War took place in 1845-1846.
Lord Hardinge was the Governor-General of India
from 1844 to 1848.

185. c

Although Robert Clive gave birth to the Covenanted
Civil Services in India, it was Lord Cornwallis who
was regarded as the father of modern civil services.
It was Cornwallis who separated the commercial
and the revenue branches of the administration while
simultaneously excluding Indians from all high offices.
Maharaja Dalip Singh entered the subsidiary alliance
at Lahore in 1846 through the Treaty of Lahore.
After the Second Anglo-Sikh War, the British
annexed territories in India through a law called the
Doctrine of Lapse.
The British took away the famous diamond Koh-inoor from Maharaja Dalip Singh after defeating him
in the Second Anglo-Sikh War.

During difficult times, diwan Balaji Vishwanath stood
steadfastly by Sahuji (son of Sambhaji). Hence Sahuji
elevated him to the post of Peshwa.

172. b

181. c

187. b

The Maratha power revived in norther India after
almost a decade under Madhav Rao I. Following the
death of Najib-ud-Daula the Marathas restored the
exiled Mughal emperor Shah Alam II on the throne of
Delhi in 1772.
Balaji Baji Rao was known as Nana Saheb, not Baji
Rao.

Warren Hastings stopped the annual grant of
Emperor Shah Alam II. He also took away Allahabad
and Kara from the Emperor and sold these territories
back to the Nawab of Awadh.

186. c

170. a

180. a

173. a

174. d

Sardeshmukhi was an additional 10% tax levied on
top of the Chauth, which was 25% tax on the
revenue produced.
During difficult times, diwan Balaji Vishwanath stood
steadfastly by Sahuji (son of Sambhaji). Hence Sahuji
elevated him to the post of Peshwa. From then on,
the office of the Peshwa became hereditary and
Balaji and his successors became the de facto rulers
of the Maratha kingdom.

175. b

In the First Carnatic War, the French defeated the
Nawab of Arcot.

176. d

The Third Carnatic War was won by the British. This
finally decided the fate of the two European powers
in India.
The Dutch were not involved at all in the Carnatic
Wars.

177. c

The Battle of Wandiwash put an end to the colonial
ambitions of the French in India.

178. b

Hector Munro was the commander of the Company
forces in the Battle of Buxar. Clive was away in
England during the war.
The Company replaced Mir Jafar with his son in law
as the Nawab of Bengal.
In 1760, the Company replaced Mir Jafar with his
son in law Mir Qasim as the Nawab of Bengal.

188. b

The Holkars dynasty was founded by Malhar Rao
with his headquarters at Indore.

189. b

Raghunath Rao II was defeated at Argaon and
agreed to sign a treaty. By this treaty signed at
Deogaon Raghuji Bhonsle II surrendered Orissa to
the British.

Robert Clive signed the Treaty of Allahabad on 12
August 1765 with the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II.
By this treaty, the Emperor was taken under the
Company’s protection and was assigned Allahabad
and Kara. Further, the Company also granted the
Emperor an annual pension of rupees 26 lakh in
return for a farman, which granted the Company the
diwani of Bengal.

190. a

Major Broadfoot, who was sent to Punjab by Lord
Hardinge as the political agent of the British, did
everything to divide the Sikh nobles and induce the
Sikh army to cross river Sutlej. By the Treaty of
Amritsar signed in 1809, the river had been fixed as
the boundary between the British and Maharaj Ranjit
Singh’ territories. Thus, barely the Sikh army had
crossed the river then Lord Hardinge declared war.

179. b

Page 8



the weaker sections is due to the Brahmins and
there vedic traditions.

191. d

The Gaikwar dynasty was founded by Damaji I in
Gujarat with his headquarters at Baroda.

192. c

After getting the diwani of Bengal, Robert Clive
introduced the dual government in Bengal. The right
of revenue collection was with the British while the
administration of the empire was handled by the
nawab.

204. a

The Deccan Education Society was formed in 1884
under the spiritual guidance of Swami Dayananda
Saraswati. It has a small school, which in course of
time grew into the famous Fergusson College of
Pune.

193. d

The Governor-General of Bengal was made the
Governor-General of India through the Charter Act
of 1833.
The Charter Act of 1833 allowed Indians to hold
government positions under the company.

205. a

The Central Hindu College at Varanasi was founded
in 1898 by Annie Besant under the Theosophical
Society of India.

206. d

In 1875, Dayanand Saraswati formally established
the Arya Samaj unit at Bombay.

207. a

Swami Dayanand Saraswati started the Suddhi
Movement to convert the non-Hindus into Hinduism.

208. d

In 1875, Sayyid Ahmad Khan established the Aligarh
School, which was upgraded to the Muhammadan
Anglo-Oriental College in 1877.

209. c

Keshab Chandra Sen’s minor daughter was married
with the minor son of the Maharaja of Cooch Behar.
This was against the ideologies of the Brahmo Samaj
which led to another split in the organisation.

210. a

Louis Vivian Derozio taught English literature and
History in the Hindu College of Calcutta. The Young
Bengal Movement revolved around him. His attraction
as a teacher lay in motivating the students to live by
truth and shun all kinds of vices.

211. d

The Theosophical Movement in India was started by
Annie Besant. The movement was inspired by the
philosophy of western enlightenment.

212. b

The Theosophical Society of India was founded at
Adyar near Madras (present day Chennai) in 1886
by Annie Besant.

213. b

The Theosophical Society was first established in
United States of America by Madam H.P. Blavatsky
and H.S. Olcott.

214. c

Swami Dayanand Saraswati translated vedas and
wrote three books - Satyartha Prakash, VedaBhasya Bhoomika and Veda Bhasya.

215. a

After Ramakrishna Paramahamsa’s death in 1886,
Vivekananda spent a period wandering in India
before coming to international attention at the World
Parliament of Religions at Chicago in 1893. There he
presented Ramakrishna’s teachings as both the true
Hinduism and a world religion.

194. a

The Regulating Act of 1773 gave the GovernorGeneral of Bengal general authority over other two
presidencies, Bombay and Madras.

195. a
196. d

In 1829, Lord William Bentinck abolished the system
of sati and made it punishable by law.

197. a

After the premature death of Raja Rammohun Roy,
the Brahmo Movement was carried forward by
Dwarkanath Tagorefor some time. But it was his
son Debendranath Tagore who infused new life into
the organisation and introduced the regular system
of worship in the Brahmo temples.

198. c

Mahadev Govind Ranade was the founder of the
Prarthana Samaj.

199. c

Louis Vivian Derozio taught English literature and
History in the Hindu College of Calcutta. The Young
Bengal Movement revolved around him. His attraction
as a teacher lay in motivating the students to live by
truth and shun all kinds of vices.

200. d

Jyotiba Phule was not a member of the Prarthana
Samaj. He founded the Satyashodhak Samaj.

201. c

The Deccan Education Society was formed in 1884
under the spiritual guidance of Swami Dayananda
Saraswati. It has a small school, which in course of
time grew into the famous Fergusson College of
Pune.

202. a

203. c

Gopal Krishna Gokhale, a member of the Prarthana
Samaj, founded the Servants of India Society in 1905.
Jyotiba Phule was an active social reformer who
took up sincerely the cause of women and
downtrodden people in Maharashtra. But his
campaign for the upliftment of the economically
weaker sections of the society and the removal of
untouchability acquired the character of an antiBramhan movement. He believed that the plight of


216. d

Page 9


217. b

Tahzib-al-Akhlaq (Reform of Morals)was a monthly
periodical started by Sayyid Ahmad Khan to arouse
the muslim masses to a sense of self confidence
and exertion.

227. a

218. c

The General Service Enlistment Act of 1856 required
every Indian soldier to serve wherever required.
The upper caste Hindu recruits particularly felt
disturbed by the prospect of travelling overseas,
which was a social taboo.

228. d
229. b

The Indian Association was founded in 1876 by
Anand Mohan Bose and Surendranath Banerji in
Bengal.

The Santhal Rebellion of 1855-56 was against the
British Colonial Authority and their oppressive
policies.
The Kuka Movement began in the western part of
Punjab with a View to cleanse the Sikh religion of its
various abuses and superstitions. The movement
worked for the abolition of caste and restrictions
put upon inter-caste marriages, etc. However this
movement turned into a political movement after the
British conquest of Punjab. The ouster of the British
from Punjab and restoration of the Sikh sovereignty
thereafter became the chief programme of the Kukas.

230. a

Amrit Bazar Patrika, one of the oldest newspapers
in India, was a started by Sisir Kumar Ghosh and his
brother. It was written in Bengali.

231. b

Bombay Presidency Association was founded in
1885 by three popular leaders of the time –
Pherozeshah Mehta, K.T. Telang and Badruddin
Tyabji.
Sisir Kumar Ghosh was the founder of the Indian
League (1875) and editor of the famous newspaper
Amrit Bazar Patrika.

232. c

In 1905, Shyamji Krishna Verma set up the India
House in London. It became the hub of revolutionary
activities outside India. The activities of India House
became more radical after V.D. Savarkar joined it in
1907. Other active members of this group were
Virendranath Chattopadhyaya, Lala Hardayal, Bhai
Paramananda, Madame Bhikaiji Cama and Madanlal
Dhingra.

233. a

The Ghadar Party was founded in 1913 in the USA.
Lala Hardayal was it main leader. As soon as the
World War I broke out, many of the Ghadrites returned
to India and for several months during 1915 carried
on revolutionary activities in central Punjab. This
attempted uprising was quickly crushed by the
British.

234. c

Jawaharlal Nehru was the youngest elected
president of the Congress in December 1929, when
it passed its Purna Swaraj (Complete Self-Rule)
resolution in Lahore.

235. c

Jawaharlal Nehru hoisted the tricolour flag of India
in December 1929 on the banks of river Ravi in
Lahore. It was also resolved to observe 26 January
1930 as the country’s Independence Day.

236. d

The Vernacular Press Act, which imposed
censorship on the press and seditious writings in
Indian languages, was also known as the ‘Gagging
Act’.

237. b

The Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-16) ended with the
Treaty of Sagauli signed in March 1816. By this
Treaty, Gorkhas surrendered Garhwal and Kumaon
to the British.

219. b

220. a

In 1875, Swami Dayananda Saraswati formally
established the first Arya Samaj unit in Bombay. Three
years later its second unit was formed at Lahore
and its headquarters were shifted there.

221. d

The Rahnumai Mazdayasnan Sabha was founded
by a group of educated Parsis for the regeneration
of the social conditions of the Parsis and the
restoration of the Zoroastrian religion to its pristine
purity. Dadabhai Naoroji was one of its founders.

222. b

Anandmath was written by Bankim Chandra Chatterji
in 1882. It portrayed the tyranny of the colonial
masters.

223. c

Neel Darpan is a Bengali play written by Dinabandhu
Mitra. This play highlighted the plight of indigo
farmers.

224. b

225. a

226. b

A group of Bengali leaders organised the Hindu Mela
for some years from 1867 onwards. Its aim was to
spread nationalist ideas and promote indigenous arts
and crafts.
Anandamath contains the national song of India
‘Vande Mataram’. Anandmath was written by Bankim
Chandra Chatterji in 1882. It portrayed the tyranny
of the colonial masters towards their Indian subjects.
Bhartendu Harishchandra is known as the father of
modern Hindi literature. His great contributions in
founding a new tradition of Hindi prose were
recognized even in his short lifetime

Page 10

The Kesari and Mahratta were started in 1881 by a
small group of Pune intellectuals which included Bal
Gangadhar Tilak, V.K. Chiplunkar, G.G. Agarkar and
M.B. Namjoshi.



238. a

239. d

Akbar emphasised on the idea Sulh-i kul which
means “universal peace”. This idea of tolerance did
not discriminate between people of different
religions, instead it focused on honesty, justice, and
peace.

heating, through a tiny hole. Molten metal was then
poured into the clay mould through the hole. Once
the metal solidified the clay was carefully removed.
The image was then cleaned and polished.

Bakhshi is a military paymaster and Sadr is a minister
in charge of religious and charitable patronage. A
military commander was known as faujdar.

251. b

Hampi is located in the Krishna-Tungabhadra basin,
which formed the nucleus of the Vijayanagara
Empire, founded in 1336. Hampi fell into ruin following
the defeat of Vijayanagara in 1565 by the Deccani
Sultans.

252. b

Surat was the gateway for trade with West Asia via
the Gulf of Ormuz.
Bhilsweree prominent in Rajasthan, Gujarat and
Madhya Pradesh. Chero chiefdoms had emerged by
the twelfth century in many areas of present-day
Bihar and Jharkhand. The Maharashtra highlands
and Karnataka were home to Kolis, Berads and
numerous other tribes.

254. c

The Banjaras carried grain on their bullocks from
different areas and sold it in towns for Mughal
emperors. They transported food grain for the Mughal
army during military campaigns. With a large army
there could be 100,000 bullocks carrying grain

255. a

In 1565, the Mughal forces under Asaf Khan attacked
Garha Katanga. A strong resistance was put up by
Rani Durgawati (widow of Dalpat). She was defeated
and preferred to die rather than surrender. Her son
Birnarain too died fighting soon after.

256. a

The Gond Kingdom of Garha Katanga was a rich
state in modern day Madhya Pradesh.

257. c

The Ahom state depended upon forced labour.
Those forced to work for the state were called paiks
.

258. d

Nayanars were the Tamil saint-poets of the 7th and
8th centuries who composed devotional songs in
honour of Shiva. They preached ardent love of Shiva.

259. b

Alvars were the South Indian saints-poets in the 7th
to 10th century who composed ecstatic songs and
poems in honour of Vishnu.

260. c

The Virashaivas proponded monotheism and
equality of all human beings. They rejected the caste
system and ill treatment of women.

261. d

Gangaikondacholisvaram Temple, Airavateshvaram
Temple and Brihadeeshwara Temple are three of
the four sites in Tamil Nadu which are in the list of
UNESCO’s World Heritage Sites, Monuments at
Mahabalipuram being the fourth one.

Bhillasvamin (Bhilsa or Vidisha) is a temple town in
Madhya Pradesh.

253. d

240. c

250. c

Mirabai was married into the royal family of Mewar.
Mirabai became a disciple of Ravidas, a saint from a
caste considered “untouchable”.

241. a
242. d

Sultan Iltutmish won universal respect for
constructing a large reservoir just outside Dehli-i
kuhna. It was called the hauz-i Sultani or the “King’s
Reservoir”.

243. a

In the early ninth century the Pandyan king Shrimara
Shrivallabha invaded Sri Lanka and defeated king
Sena I.

244. b

245. b

246. a

247. a

Mahmud of Ghazni was famous for his looting of
temples of defeated kings. He was called the “Statute
Destroyer” after he attacked the famous Somnath
temple and destroyed the famous Somanath statue
in it.
The ceremonial halls or courts of public and private
audience (diwan-i khas) were also described as
Chihil Sutun or forty-pillared halls, placed within a
large courtyard.
Qibla is the direction faced by Muslims at prayer.
Shah Jahan’s audience halls were specially
constructed to resemble a mosque. The pedestal on
which his throne was placed was frequently
described as the Qibla, since everybody faced that
direction when court was in session.
It was believed that Orpheus’s music could calm
ferocious beasts until they resided together
peacefully. The construction of Shah Jahan’s
audience hall aimed to communicate that the king’s
justice would treat the high and the low as equals
where all could live together in harmony.

248. d

Kunjaramallan Rajaraja Perunthachchan was the
architect of the Rajarajeshvara temple in Thanjavur.
He carved his name on the temple wall.

249. b

In the lost wax technique, an image was made of
wax and then covered with clay, which was final
allowed to dry. The wax inside was taken out by


Page 11


262. a

Ahom society was very sophisticated. Poets and
scholars were given land grants. Historical works,
known as buranjis, were written first in the Ahom
language and then in Assamese.

263. d

St. Thomas is said to have come to Kerala nearly
2000 years ago and is credited with bringing
Christianity to India.

264. b

Fa Xian and Xuan Zang were Chinese Buddhist
pilgrims who came to the subcontinent to visit places
associated with the life of the Buddha as well as
famous monasteries.

The East India Company could not capture Punjab till
it was under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, but captured it
after his death.
273. a

274. c

266. b

Although at first, the company was only interested
in trade benefits and was unwilling to take over the
responsibility of administration. But the company
failed to work with the inefficient puppet nawabs.
After the death of Mir Jafar in 1765, the East India
Company was appointed as the Diwan of the
provinces of Bengal, after Robert Clive decided that
the company should get into the administration.

The forces of thr Marathas and the Nizam of
Hyderabad joined the company forces against Tipu
Sultan in the Third Anglo-Mysore War.

276. c

Lord Dalhousie, the Governor-General from 1848 to
1856, devised this policy.
Doctrine of Lapse : If an Indian ruler died without a
male heir his kingdom would become part of Company
territory.
From 1772, each district was to have two courts –
a civil court (diwani adalat) and a criminal court
(faujdari adalat).
In the late eighteenth century, there were three British
presidencies – Bombay, Bengal and Madras. Delhi
was still not under the control of the Company.

278. b

When the British tried to annex the small state of
Kitoor, Rani Chennamma took to arms and led an
anti-British resistance movement. She was arrested
in by the Company officials and died in prison in
1829.

279. a

In 1765 Mughal emperor Shah Alam appointed the
Company as the Diwan of the provinces of Bengal.
The Diwani allowed the Company to use the vast
revenue resources of Bengal.

280. b

Initially the Company had purchased goods in India
by importing gold and silver from Britain. In 1765
Mughal emperor Shah Alam appointed the Company
as the Diwan of the provinces of Bengal. The Diwani
allowed the Company to use the vast revenue
resources of Bengal for further trading.
Earl Cornwallis, appointed in 1786, was the
governor-General of India when the Permanent
Settlement was introduced. After the introduction of
the Permanent Settlement in 1793, Cornwallis
returned to England the same year.

Sirajuddaulah was a strong ruler who refused to be
a puppet of the company. He refused to give trade
concessions and fought against the company and
died at the Battle of Plassey.

267. b

275. b

281. c

Vijayalaya built the temple of goddess
Nishumbhasudini in the town of Thanjavur.

Wodeyar was the royal family of the princely state
of Mysore.

277. b

265. a

By the policy of paramountcy, the Company claimed
that its authority was paramount or supreme, hence
its power was greater than that of Indian states.

268. d

Tipu Sultan was killed in the Battle of Seringapatam.
This was the fourth Anglo-Mysore War.
Subsidiary alliance did not allow the Indian rulers to
have their independent armed forces. They were to
be protected by the Company, but had to pay for the
“subsidiary forces” that the Company was supposed
to maintain for the purpose of this protection. If the
Indian rulers failed to make the payment, then part of
their territory was taken away as penalty.

269. b

When Richard Wellesley was Governor-General
(1798-1805), Nawab Shujauddaulah of Awadh was
forced to hand over half of his territory to the
Company in 1801, as he failed to fulfil the terms of
the subsidiary alliance.

270. a

The Treaty of Salbai was signed between the East
India Company and the Marathas. This was the
treaty under which the Marathas agreed to support
the East India Company against Mysore.

271. b

The fort fell to Siraj-ud-daulah, the then nawab of
Bengal, in 1756.

282. d

In British revenue records Mahal is a revenue estate
which may be a village or a group of villages.

272. d

Mir Qasim, the ex-nawab of Bengal, along with the
Nawab of Awadh and the Mughal Emperor stood
against the East India Company in the Battle of Buxar.
He was defeated in the battle.

283. a

As the revenue was fixed permanently, the Company
expected that the Zamindars would invest in the
improvement of land to maximise their own profits.
But this did not happen.

Page 12



284. d

In the nij system, the land under cultivation is totally
under control the of planter. In the ryoti system the
ryots cultivate indigo on 25% of their land for indigo
planters

285. b

The Indigo Commission set up after the “Blue
Rebellion” of 1859 produced a report that said that It
declared that indigo production was not profitable
for ryots. The Commission asked the ryots to fulfil
their existing contracts but also told them that they
could refuse to produce indigo in future.

286. b

In the North Western Provinces of the Bengal
Presidency, an Englishman called Holt Mackenzie
devised the new system called the Mahalwari
System. Under his directions, estimations on land
revenue were made and revised periodically, not
permanently fixed.

296. c

At Inamgaon, adults were generally buried in the
ground, laid out straight, with the head towards the
north. Sometimes burials were within the houses.
Vessels that probably contained food and water
were placed with the dead.

297. b

Ashwamedha : A horse was let loose to wander
freely and it was guarded by the raja’s men. If the
horse wandered into the kingdoms of other rajas
and they stopped it, they had to fight. If they allowed
the horse to pass, it meant that they accepted that
the raja who wanted to perform the ashwamedha
was stronger than them.

298. d

Bimbisara of Haryanka dynasty was a ruler of the
Magadha empire.

299. a

287. a

The indigo plant grows primarily in the tropical zones.

300. a

288. a

One of the main reasons for Sirajuddaulah’s defeat
was that the forces led by Mir Jafar, one of
Sirajuddaulah’s commanders, never fought the battle.

The Nawab of Awadh was forced to give over half
of his territory to the Company in 1801 because he
failed to pay for the subsidiary forces.

301. b

A number of spices like pepper and cloves are grown
on the hills of Kerala. The spices made this region an
attractive place for foreign traders, Jewish and Arab
being the first.

302. b

The company could not take over Punjab before
1839. But after the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, it
fought long wars and finally annexed Punjab in 1849.

289. c

Under this system, the settlement was to be made
directly with the cultivators (ryots) who had tilled
the land for generations.

290. b

The first English factory was set up on the banks of
river Hugli in Calcutta in 1651.

291. b

Indigo is a better dye plant than woad. Indigo
produced a rich blue colour, whereas the dye from
woad was pale and dull.

303. c

Cloth dyers in Europe preferred indigo over woad
as a dye because indigo produced a rich blue colour,
whereas the dye from woad was pale and dull.

292. a

The price the ryots got for the indigo they produced
was very low. Also, the planters usually insisted
that indigo be cultivated on the best soils in which
peasants preferred to cultivate rice. Indigo, moreover,
had deep roots and it exhausted the soil rapidly.
After an indigo harvest the land could not be sown
with rice.

304. b

Rani Chennamma of Kitoor took to arms and led an
anti-British resistance movement. She was arrested
in 1824 and died in prison in 1829. The other three
were active member of the rebellion.

305. b

He and his wife Begum Zeenat Mahal were sent to
prison in Rangoon in October 1858 after his sons
were shot dead in front of him. Bahadur Shah Zafar
died in the Rangoon jail in November 1862.

306. b

After the death of Rani Laxmi Bai, Tatia Tope escaped
to the jungles and continued to fight a guerrilla war
with the support of many tribal leaders. He was
captured, tried and killed in April 1859. Birjis Qadr
was the son of deposed Nawab Wajid Ali Shah of
Lucknow. Qadr was proclaimed the new Nawab of
Lucknow during the 1857 rebellion.

307. b

Mangal Pandey was a soldier in the Bengal regiment
of the East India Company. He was hanged to death
on 29 March 1857 for attacking his officers in
Barrackpore.

293. b

294. d

The Palaeolithic period extends from 2 million years
ago to about 12,000 years ago. This long stretch of
time is divided into the Lower, Middle and Upper
Palaeolithic. This long span of time covers 99% of
human history.
According to the terms of subsidiary alliance, Indian
rulers were not allowed to have their independent
armed forces. They were to be protected by the
Company, but had to pay huge for the forces. If the
Indian rulers failed to make the payment, then part of
their territory was taken away as penalty.

295. b


Page 13


308. b

The Stamp Act required the colonists to buy and
place stamps on all legal documents, licenses,
commercial contracts, newspapers, pamphlets, and
playing cards. This, along with other tax policies of
the British government, were strongly opposed by
the colonists.
Boston Tea Party, incident on December 16, 1773,
when a group of citizens in Boston dumped tea into
Boston Harbour. It was one of several events that
led to the outbreak of the American Revolution in
1775.

326. a

It began on April 19, 1775. General Thomas Gage,
the royal governor of colonial Massachusetts,
ordered British troops to march on the small towns
of Lexington and Concord, not far from Boston. The
soldiers were told to capture resistance leaders
and destroy arms and supplies. A battle began when
the British troops exchanged fire in Lexington.

327. c

On October 19, 1781, Lord Cornwallis surrendered
to American General George Washington in
Yorktown, Virginia. The surrender signalled the end
of actual fighting in the American Revolution, although
the Treaty of Paris, which officially ended the war,
was not signed until 1783.
Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778), French
philosopher, social and political theorist, musician,
botanist, and one of the most eloquent writers of the
Age of Enlightenment. He spread the ideas of
democracy among the french.

329. d

The National Covention, which met on 21 September
1792, translated the demand to form a republic in
reality. France was now a republic.
Viscount Charles Townsend (1674-1738) devised
the system of crop rotation. It helped in keeping the
soil rich by not letting the land idle on any season.

331. a

The flying shuttle, invented by John Kay in 1733,
increased the speed of the weaving operation.

332. b

In the Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu proposed a
division of power within the government between
the legislative, the executive and the judiciary.

324. a

The spinning jenny, which Hargreaves is credited
with inventing in 1764, made possible the automatic
production of cotton thread.

333. d

The invention of power loom, and its introduction
into the manufacturing industry, was opposed by
many cloth workers who were, not unnaturally, afraid
of losing their jobs to a machine. Mechanization,

Raja Rammohun Roy made great efforts to prove to
the British that the practice of widow burning had
no sanction in ancient texts.

312. b

Parantaka I conquered the land of Pandyas and took
the title of Maduraikondavan which means the
conqueror of Madurai

The British said they were “obliged by duty” to take
over Awadh in order to free the people from the
“misgovernment” of the Nawab

311. c

323. c

330. c

310. a

The Paramhans Mandali was founded in 1840, in
Bombay, to work for the abolition of caste system.

328. b

Locke’s views, in his Two Treatises of Government
(1690), attacked the theory of divine right of kings
and the nature of the state as conceived by English
philosopher and political theorist Thomas Hobbes.

322. a

325. d

309. d

Eighty-five sepoys of the regiment at Meerut in 1857
were dismissed from service and sentenced to ten
years in jail as they refused to do the army drill using
the new cartridges, which were suspected of being
coated with the fat of cows and pigs.

313. a

Jhansi was annexed in 1854. Lord Dalhousie was
the Governor-General of India from 1848 to 1856.

314. c

The British parliament in 1858 transferred the powers
of the Company to the British Crown in order to
ensure more responsible management and
governance.
All ruling chiefs of the country were assured that
their territory would never be annexed in future.
They were allowed to pass on their kingdoms to
their heirs, including adopted sons, hence renounced
the Doctrine of Lapse.

315. b

the British decided to recruit the gurkhas, sikhs and
pathans as soldiers instead of recruiting soldiers
from Awadh, Bihar, central India and south India.

316. c

The capital of British India was transferred from
Calcutta to Delhi in 1911.

317. d

Lord Lytton organised Delhi Durbar to acknowledge
Queen Victoria as the Empress of India.

318. a

The central dome of the Rashtrapati Bhavan was
copied from the Buddhist stupa at Sanchi.

319. a

Raja Rammohun Roy founded a reform association
known as the Brahmo Sabha (later known as the
Brahmo Samaj) in Calcutta.

320. c

Vardhamana Mahavira was the 24th and most recent
tirthankara (ford-maker) of Jainism.

321. c

Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar, used the ancient texts
to suggest that widows could remarry. His suggestion
was adopted by British officials, and a law was
passed in 1856 permitting widow remarriage.

Page 14



however, became one of the more significant factors
that enabled the Industrial Revolution to take place.
Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin to separate cotton
fibres from the seeds.

335. a

James improved the steam engine in 1769 making
the machine more economical and valuable not only
for the textile mills but also for industries.

337. d

In the early 18th century the demand for coal
escalated when English iron founders John
Wilkinson and Abraham Darby used coal, in the form
of coke, instead of charcoal to manufacture iron.

347. d

The Diesel engine was invented which before the
World War I in 1892.
The ‘Open-hearth’ is used for the production of steel
from pig iron on large scale.

348. b

Poor working conditions for workers encouraged
people to rise against the system. The workers
started to protest by organising strikes. The gangs
of masked workers, who took part in such violent
strikes, came to be called Luddites after their
legendary leader Ned Ludd.

349. a

The First Opium War was fought between the British
and China over the issue of opium trade which was
not being allowed by the Chinese Emperor.

350. b

The Dutch took control of Malacca in the 17th century
from the Portuguese.
Hormuz, Goa and Malacca were some of the
strategic bases of the Portuguese in Asia in the 16th
century.

351. b

The Seven Years’ War was worldwide series of
conflicts fought from 1756 to 1763 for the control of
Germany and for supremacy in colonial North
America and India. In North America, the warfare
ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763, and the
peace terms reflected British military successes.
Britain gained control over half the North American
continent, including French Canada, all French
territorial claims east of the Mississippi River, and
Spanish Florida.
Before his death, Guru Nanak appointed Bhai Lehna
(one of his followers) as his successor. He was
renamed as Guru Angad, expressing that he was a
part of Guru Nanak himself.

353. d

Jahangir looked upon the Sikh community as a
potential threat to his empire. So he ordered the
execution of Guru Arjan in 1606.

354. d

Divya Prabandham is a compilation of devotional
songs, written by the Alvars, in honour of Hindu god
Vishnu.

355. a

Nadir Shah, the ruler of Iran, looted Delhi in 1739.
This was followed by a series of plundering attacks
by Afghan ruler Ahmed Shah Abdali. He invaded
North India five times between 1748 and 1761. Timur
Shah Durrani was the successor of Ahmed Shah
Abdali and Shuja Shah Durrani was the successor
of Timur Shah Durrani.

The first textile factory was built in Rhode Island in
the United States by Samuel Slater.

336. a

Cyrus Field, an American merchant and financier,
succeeded in laying the first trans-Atlantic cable in
1866.

352. b

334. b

346. a

338. b
339. b

Louis Pasteur invented the process of pasteurisation.
Voltaire exposed the evils of absolutism and
corruption in the church. The flavor of Voltaire’s
activities could be summarized in the phrase he often
used: écrasons l’infâme (“let us crush the infamous
one”). With this phrase, he referred to any form of
religion that persecutes nonadherents or that
constitutes fanaticism.

340. b

The representatives of the Third Estate demanded
the three Estates to meet as a single chamber with
member having a vote. The first two Estates opposed
this demand forcing the Third Estate to declare itself
as the National Assembly on 17 Junu 1789.

341. c

The hot blast process refers to the preheating of air
blown into blast furnace in metallurgical processes.

342. b

King Louis XVI tried to flee from France with his
family at the start of the French Revolution, but he
was captured.
The first French National Assembly took oath in a
tennis court because the king closed the hall of the
assembly to prevent the Third Estate from carrying
out its revolutionary proceedings.

343. a

344. d

345. b

Henry Bessemer invented the ‘Bessemer’ process
to obtain steel directly from cast iron for making rails
and ship plates.
Robert Fulton (1765-1815), an American inventor
and engineer, designed the first efficient steamboat,
thus inaugurating a new era of power-driven
navigation.
Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937), an Italian electrical
engineer and Nobel laureate, invented the first
practical radio-signaling system.


Page 15


356. c

There is an inscription on the pillar mentioning a ruler
named Chandra, who probably belonged to the
Gupta dynasty.

357. a

It is the story of a merchant named Kovalan. He fell
in love with a courtesan named Madhavi, neglecting
his wife Kannagi. Later, he and Kannagi left for
Madurai, where he was wrongly accused of theft
and sentenced to death. Kannagi, full of grief and
anger at this injustice, destroyed the entire city of
Madurai.

359. b

360. c

Mirza Hakim was stepbrother of Akbar and Governor
of Kabul.

369. a

358. a

368. c

The Kandariya Mahadeva temple at Khajurao in
Madhya Pradesh was constructed in 999 by King
Dhangadeva of the Chandela dynasty. The temple is
dedicated to Shiva.

370. d

The manuscripts in early India were usually written
on palm leaf, or on the specially prepared bark of a
tree known as the birch, which grows in the
Himalayas.

Shrimara Shrivallabha defeated Sena I and plundered
Sri Lanka. Sena II tried to avenge this defeat of his
predecessor and launched an attack on Madurai
where he tried to find and restore the gold statue of
the Buddha which was taken away by Shrimara
Shrivallabha.

371. d

A poem composed by Harshena (in Sanskrit) is
inscribed on the Ashokan pillar at Allahabad. The
poem is full of praise for Samudragupta.

Chokhamela, who belonged to the “untouchable”
Mahar caste, was a Marathi saint-poet. He was a
devotee of Vitthala (a form of Vishnu).

372. b

Rashtrakutas in the Deccan were subordinate to
the Basdami Chalukyas of Karnataka till the mideighth century.

Harshvardhan was successful in the east and
conquered both Magadha and Bengal after
conquering Kanauj. But he failed to advanced
towards the Deccan when he was stopped by the
Chalukya king Pulakeshin II.

373. b

376. d

Ashoka appointed officials, known as the dhamma
mahamatta who went from place to place teaching
people about dhamma.

365. d

The rules made for the Buddhist sangha were
written down in a book called the Vinaya Pitaka. The
book contained about who could join the sangha
and who couldn’t.

377. a

In 1914 the First World War broke out. Steel produced
in Britain now had to meet the demands of war in
Europe. So imports of British steel into India declined
dramatically and the Indian Railways turned to TISCO
for supply of rails.

378. c

In January 1784 Jones founded the Bengal Asiatic
Society. He initiated its research journal, Asiatic
Researches, in 1788.

379. a

The Hindu College was established in Benaras in
1791 to encourage the study of ancient Sanskrit
texts that would be useful for the administration of
the country.

380. b

Thomas Babington Macaulay saw India as an
uncivilised country that needed to be civilised. No
branch of Eastern knowledge, according to him could
be compared to what England had produced.

Satavahana rulers were known as lords of the
dakshinapatha, literally the route leading to the south.

364. b

Harshcharita is a biography of Harshvardhana, who
ruled nearly 1400 years ago, written by his court
poet Banabhatta.

Ashvaghosha was an Indian philosopher-poet who
lived in Kanishka’s court of Peshawar. He was the
part of a war indemnity won by Kanishka.

363. b

The British government officially abolished the
Mughal Empire in 1857 and exiled Bahadur Shah
Zafar to Burma. His sons were shot dead.

Mahavircharitam was written by Bhavabhuti, an 8th
century scholar of India noted for his plays and
poetry, written in Sanskrit.

362. d

Babur was just 12 when he succeeded to the throne
of Ferghana in 1494.
Babur defeated Sultan Ibrahim Lodi in the first Battle
of Panipat.

375. d

361. c

374. d

366. c

367. a

Emperor Jahangir married Mehrunnisa in 1611.
Mehrunnisa was given the title Nur Jahan (light of
the world).
Aurangzeb insulted Shivaji when he came to accept
Mughal authority after his defeat.
Mansabdar is one who holds a mansab, meaning a
position or rank.
There was a huge increase in the number of
mansabdars by Aurangzeb’s reign. This was a big
problem for Aurangzeb.

Page 16



381. d

382. a

Issued by Charles Wood, the President of the Board
of Control of the Company, it has come to be known
as Wood’s Despatch.

383. c

The English Education Act was introduced to make
English the medium of instruction for higher education
and to stop the promotion of Oriental institutions.

first the Ramakrishna Mission in Calcutta. The
Ramakrishna Mission stressed the ideal of salvation
through social service and selfless action.

The Wood’s Despatch emphasised on the practical
benefits of a system of European learning, as
opposed to Oriental knowledge. Shantiniketan was
established by Rabindranath Tagore
393. c

Rammohun Roy wanted Indian people to give up old
practices and adopt a new way of life. He was
keen to spread western education in the country
and bring about greater freedom and equality for
women.
Jyotiba Phule was very critical of the upper-caste
leaders who preached the anti-colonial nationalism.

According to the Ilbert Bill, Indian judges were
allowed to try the Europeans. This offended the
white community and they all stood against the bill.
The Indian National Congress during its first twenty
years was moderate in its objectives and methods,
which was rightly so as the organisation was in its
infant phase at that time.

395. b

Naoroji, a businessman in a mercantile firm of Cama
and Company and publicist settled in London, and
for a time member of the British Parliament, guided
the younger nationalists.

396. d

A.O. Hume, a retired British official, played a part in
bringing Indians from the various regions together to
form the Indian National Congress.
Pherozeshah Mehta was one of the founding
members of the Indian National Congress. This was
the time of the moderates in the Indian National
Congress.
Womesh Chandra Banerjee (1844 – 1906) was one
of the founding members of the Indian National
Congress from Calcutta and its first president.

398. b

The Arms act of 1878 was one of the policies of
Lytton which proved fatal for his reign and sowed
the seeds of freedom struggle in India.

399. d

Surendranath Banerji founded the Indian Association
in 1876 with the help of Anand Mohan Bose. It was
one of the first avowed nationalist organisation
founded in British India.

400. c

Bal Gangadhar Tilak was among the leaders who
raised questions about the political style of the
Congress in its initial phase. He believed that people
must rely on their own strength, not on the “good”
intentions of the government. He wanted that the
people must fight for swaraj.

401. b

Curzon partitioned Bengal to curtail the influence of
Bengali politicians and to split the Bengali people on
the basis of religion.

402. a

The Vernacular Press Act was one of Lytton’s
reactionary policies which played a part in sowing
the seeds of freedom struggle in India.

The Satnami movement in Central India, founded by
a leader named Ghasidas who came from a “low”
caste, worked among the leather workers and
organised a movement to improve their social status

385. a

394. d

397. a

384. b

They came to India in 1785 and stayed for seven
years, journeying from Calcutta to northern and
southern India. They produced some of the most
evocative picturesque landscapes of Britain’s newly
conquered territories in India.

386. d
387. b

Gulamgiri was written by Jyotiba Phule in 1873. He
dedicated the book to all those Americans who had
fought to free slaves in the American Civil War.

388. a

Ambedkar started a temple entry movement in which
his Mahar caste followers participated. Ambedkar
led three such movements for temple entry between
1927 and 1935.

389. b

390. c

391. a

392. a

Convinced that untouchables had to fight for their
dignity, Naicker founded the Self Respect Movement.
He argued that untouchables were the true
upholders of an original Tamil and Dravidian culture
which had been subjugated by Brahmans.
Keshub Chunder Sen was one of the main leaders
of the Brahmo Samaj. He joined the sect in 1857 and
emphasised social reform. He broke away from the
movement to form the Bharatvarshiya Brahmo Samaj.
Chunder Sen’s group promoted education for
women, remarriage by widows and the abolition of
child marriage.
According to the Child Marriage Restraint Act of 1929
no man below the age of 18 and woman below the
age of 16 could marry.
The Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College was
founded in 1875 by Sayyid Ahmed Khan.
Returning to India from the United States in 1897
with many of his followers, Vivekananda established


Page 17


403. c

The partition of Bengal infuriated people all over India.
All sections of the Indian National Congress opposed
it. The struggle that unfolded came to be known as
the Swadeshi movement, strongest in Bengal but
with echoes in the other parts of India as well.

414. a

The Rowlatt Act was enacted in 1919. The act curbed
fundamental rights such as the freedom of
expression and strengthened police powers. It
empowered the police to act without any trial.

404. c

In October 1906 a delegation of about 35 Muslim
leaders called upon Lord Minto, the viceroy, to ask
for separate electorates for Muslims and a weighted
proportion of legislative representation that would
reflect their historic role as rulers and their record of
cooperating with the British. This delegation, joined
by others, formed the All-India Muslim League in
December 1906.

415. c

In 1920 the British imposed a harsh treaty on the
Turkish Sultan or Khalifa. People in India were furious
about this as they had been about the Jallianwala
massacre. This started the Khilafat Movement.

416. a

Mahatma Gandhi was against violent movements.
He abruptly called off the Non-Cooperation Movement
when in February 1922 a crowd of peasants set
fire to a police station in Chauri Chaura. Twenty-two
policemen were killed in the event.

417. d

In 1927 the British government in England decided to
send a commission headed by Lord Simon to decide
India’s political future.

418. d

Revolutionary nationalists such as Bhagat Singh and
his comrades wanted to fight colonial rule and the
rich exploiting classes through a revolution of
workers and peasants. For this purpose they
founded the Hindustan Socialist Republican
Association (HSRA) in 1928 at Ferozeshah Kotla in
Delhi.

419. b

The demand for separate electorates for Muslims
was conceded by the government in 1909. Some
seats in the councils were now reserved for Muslims
who would be elected by Muslim voters.

Members of the HSRA assassinated Saunders, a
police officer who had led a lathi-charge that caused
the death of Lala Lajpat Rai.

420. c

The Congress split at its Surat Session in 1907. The
Moderates were opposed to the use of boycott.
They felt that it involved the use of force. After the
split the Congress came to be dominated by the
Moderates with Bal Gangadhar Tilak’s followers
functioning from outside.

The Government of India Act of 1935 prescribed
provincial autonomy and the government announced
elections to the provincial legislatures in 1937. The
Congress formed governments in 7 out of 11
provinces.

421. b

The Simon Commission had no Indian representatives
in it.
Congress leaders were ready to support the British
in the World War II. But in return they wanted that
India be granted independence after the war. The
British refused to concede the demand. The
Congress ministries resigned in protest.

422. b

Mahatma Gandhi led a mass civil disobedience
movement in 1942, demanding an end to British rule
in India. The British must quit India immediately, he
told them. To the people he said, “do or die” in your
effort to fight the British – but you must fight nonviolently.

423. d

In January 1941, Bose went to Singapore, via
Germany, and raised the Azad Hind Fauj or the Indian
National Army, to free India from British control.

424. a

C. Rajagopalachari, popularly known as Rajaji,
served as member of the Interim Government of
1946 and as free India’s first Indian GovernorGeneral.

405. c

The League supported the partition of Bengal and it
demanded for separate electorates for Muslims.
The Swadeshi Movement in deltaic Andhra was
known as the Vandematram Movement.

406. d

According to partition of Bengal by Curzon, Bihar,
Orissa , Assam and West Bengal were to be on one
side and East Bengal, the muslim dominated part of
Bengal, on the other side.
The British said that partition of Bengal was being
done for administrative convenience but the main
reason behind the way the partition was done was
to curtail the nationalist movement and divide the
people on communal basis.

407. c

408. a

409. b

The Congress and the Muslim League signed the
historic Lucknow Pact and decided to work together
for representative government in the country.

410. c

The Russian Revoltion in 1917 inspired many Indian
nationalists. News about peasants’ and workers’
struggles and ideas of socialism circulated widely
which encouraged the nationalists in India.

411. c

Mahatma Gandhi, aged 46, arrived in India in 1915
from South Africa.

412. a
413. b

The poor farmers of Champaran were forced to
grow indigo and other cash crops instead of food
crops. The Champaran Satyagraha was against this
cruel treatment of the farmers by the British.

Page 18



425. d

426. c

Lala Lajpat Rai was one of the extremists. He
criticised the moderates section and believed that
people must rely on their own strength, not on the
“good” intentions of the government; people must
fight for swaraj.
The first session of the Indian National Congress
was held in Bombay in December 1885.
Jinnah proclaimed August 16 1946 as the Direct Action
Day for the purpose of winning a separate Muslim
state. Savage Hindu-Muslim riots broke out in Calcutta
the next day and quickly spread throughout India.
Thousands of people lost their lives in the riots.

427. a

The moderates were opposed to the use of boycott.
They felt that it involved the use of force.
The All India Muslim League was formed in Dacca
(present day Dhaka) in 1906.

‘Hiranya-Garbha’ literally meaning ‘Golden-Womb’
was a ritual performed for a Kshatriya rebirth, even
if he (the sacrificer) was not one by birth.

437. c

Vetti is a tax levied by the Cholas which was taken
not in cash but in form of forced labour.

438. a

Because there were three “parties” in this longdrawn conflict, historians often describe it as the
“tripartite struggle”.

439. d

Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni from Afghanistan
extended control over parts of Central Asia, Iran
and the north-western part of the subcontinent. He
was interested in finding out more about the people
he conquered. So he entrusted a scholar named alBiruni to write an account of the subcontinent.

440. c

Prithviraj III of Chahamanas defeated Muhammad Ghori
in 1191 ADat the town of Tarain. But he lost to Ghori
the very next year at the Second Battle of Tarain.

441. b

Many rulers described their achievements in
Prashastis written by Brahmanas in administration.
Prashastis contain details that may be biased
towards the emperor and may not be true.

442. a

Delhi first became the capital of a kingdom under the
Tomara Rajputs, who were defeated in 1165 AD by
the Chauhans (Chahamanas) of Ajmer lead by
Prithviraj Chauhan. Qutbuddin Aybak was the first
Turkish ruler of Delhi while Ghiyasuddin Balban rules
during the later half of the thirteenth century.

443. d

Rudramadevi (1262-1289) of the Kakatiya dynasty
of Warangal changed her name on her inscriptions
and pretended to be a man.

Naoroji’s book Poverty and Un-British rule in India
offered a scathing criticism of the negetive impact
of British rule on the economy.

428. a

436. a

429. b

The Rowlatt Act curbed fundamental rights of the
people such as the freedom of expression and
strengthened police powers. Mahatma Gandhi asked
the Indian people to observe 6 April 1919 as a day of
non-violent opposition to this Act, as a day of
“humiliation and prayer”

430. a

On learning about the Jallianwala Bagh massacre,
Rabindranath Tagore expressed the pain and anger
of the country by renouncing his knighthood which
he got from the British crown in 1915.

431. d

In October 1952, a veteran Gandhian named Potti
Sriramulu went on a hunger fast demanding the
formation of Andhra state to protect the interests of
Telugu speakers. Potti Sriramulu died fasting on 15
December 1952 which resulted in huge protests.
The central government was forced to listen to the
demand. Thus, on 1 October 1953, the new state of
Andhra Pradesh came into being.

444. d

447. a

Alauddin Khilji constructed Siri Fort to defend the
city from Mongols.

448. b

Muhammad bin Tughluq, instead of building a new
garrison town, garrisoned his soldiers in the oldest
of four cities of Delhi after moving its residents to
Daulatabad.

449. d

The British annexed Nagpur in 1853 through the
Doctrine of Lapse.
The Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803-05) resulted
in the British gaining Orissa and the territories north
of the Yamuna river including Agra and Delhi.

Kharaj is a tax levied under the Delhi Sultans on
cultivation of agricultural land amounting to about 50
percent of the peasant’s produce.

Muhammad bin Tughluq raised a large standing army
to plan an attack on Transoxiana.

In 1960, the bilingual state of Bombay was divided
into separate states for Marathi and Gujarati
speakers.

433. c

The Delhi Sultans appointed their trust worthy slaves
instead of appointing aristocrats or leaders to high
administrative posts. They believed that worthy and
experienced slaves would make reliable governors
and administrators.

446. a

432. c

445. b

434. d

Gandhiji and his followers marched for over 240
miles from Sabarmati to the coastal town of Dandi
where they broke the government law by gathering
natural salt found on the seashore, and boiling sea
water to produce salt.

435. b


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450. c

In Delhi, Coins were named Delhiwal during the reign
of Tomaras and Chahamanas (Chauhans) during
the early medieval India. These coins had a wide
circulation.

464. d

The Mughals did not believe in the rule of
primogeniture, where the eldest son inherited his
father’s estate.
Akbar’s revenue minister, Todar Mal introduced the
revenue system known as zabt.

465. d

The custom of coparcenary inheritance means a
division of the inheritance amongst all the sons.

466. d

The Ain-i Akbari is the third volume of the Akbar
Nama, written by Abul Fazl.
Mehrunnisa, married the Emperor Jahangir in 1611
and received the title Nur Jahan.

467. b

Vajji, or Vrijji, was the confederacy of the Licchavis
and neighbouring peoples in Bihar, India, that existed
from the 6th century BC to the 4th century BC. Its
capital was at Vaishali.

451. b
452. c

The authors of Persian tawarikh advised rulers on
the need to preserve an “ideal” social order based
on birthright and gender distinctions. But the Delhi
Sultans believed that worthy and experienced slaves
would make reliable governors and administrators.
So they appointed their loyal and experienced slaves
to high administrative posts.

453. c

Khalji (1290 - 1320), Tughluq (1320 - 1414), Sayyid
(1414 - 1451), Lodi (1451 – 1526)

454. b

Pricess Manmati of Marwar was Shah Jahan’s mother.
468. b

455. d

Abul Fazl wrote a three volume history of Akbar’s
reign titled Akbar Nama. The third volume is the Aini Akbari. The third volume deals with Akbar’s
administration, household, army, the revenues and
geography of his empire. It also explains about the
traditions and culture of the people living in India.

1793 - Introduction of the Permanent Settlement
1765 - East India Compant appointed as the Diwan
of Bengal
1859 - ‘Blue Rebellion’ by indigo farmers
1822 - Introduction of the Mahalwari Settlement

469. b

Todar Mal (Akbar’s revenue minister) carried out
this survey during 1570-1580. On the basis of this
survey, tax was fixed on each crop in cash. Each
province was divided into revenue circles with its
own schedule of revenue rates for individual crops.

In 1856, Governor-General Canning decided that
Bahadur Shah Zafar would be the last Mughal king
and after his death none of his descendants would
be recognised as kings – they would just be called
princes.

470. d

456. b

Aurangzeb insulted Shivaji after defeating him. He
escaped from Agra, declared himself an independent
king and resumed his campaigns against the Mughals.

458. c

Prince Akbar rebelled against Aurangzeb and
received support from the Marathas and Deccan
Sultanate. He finally fled to Safavid Iran.

459. a

Abul Fazl wrote a three volume history of Akbar’s
reign titled, Akbar Nama .

460. a

From their father’s side, the Mughals were the
successors of Timur.
Timur was ruler of Iran, Iraq and modern day Turkey.

The British gained control of Delhi from the Marathas
after defeating them in the second Anglo-Maratha
war in 1803.

472. c

A cul-de-sac is a street with a dead end. Open
squares, winding lanes, quiet cul-de-sacs and
water channels were the pride of Delhi’s residents
during the Mughals.

473. a

The period from 1830 to 1857 is sometimes referred
to as a period of Delhi renaissance. Delhi College,
formed in 1792, during the 1840s and 1850s was
the epicentre of Delhi Renaissance.
For its sprawling iron and steel industry in the second
half of the nineteenth century, Britain came to be
known as the “workshop of the world”

475. b

King George V was crowned in England in 1911.
The Durbar held in Delhi in 1911 by the British was to
celebrate the coronation of King George V.
The Delhi College, formed in 1792, is now under the
Delhi University and is named as Zakir Hussain Delhi
College.

476. b

When the Portuguese first came to India in search of
spices they landed in Calicut on the south-west
coast of India.

Babur’s reign : 1526-1530
Humayun’s reign: 1530-1540 and 1555-1556

461. d

471. a

474. b

457. a

462. d

Todar Mal, born in Uttar Pradesh in a Khatri family,
and rose to become the Finance Minister in Akbar’s
Darbar of the Mughal Empire.

463. b

Sher Khan defeated Humayun at Chausa (1539)
and Kanauj (1540), forcing him to flee to Iran.
Humayun recaptured Delhi in 1555 but died in an
accident the following year.

Page 20



477. b

478. a

479. a

India, around 1750, was already by far the world’s
largest producer of cotton.
“Muslin” was a name given by the Europeans to all
finely woven textiles from India carried by Arab
merchants in Mosul in present-day Iraq.
Patola was woven in Surat, Ahmedabad and Patan.
Although existent patolas of Gujarat do not predate
the late 18th century, their history certainly goes
back to the 12th century, if not earlier.
Worried by the popularity of Indian textiles, wool
and silk makers in England began protesting against
the import of Indian cotton textiles. In 1720, the British
government enacted a legislation banning the use of
printed cotton textiles – chintz – in England. This act
was known as the Calico Act.

488. c

Amar Jiban, autobiography of Rashsundari Devi
(1800 – 1890), is the first ever known autobiography
of an Indian woman. It is wriiten in Bangla.

489. b

National Food for Work Programme was launched in
2004. Antyodaya ration cards are issue by the
government for the poorest of the poor.

490. c

Laxmi Lakra, from a poor tribal family in Jharkhand,
became the first women train driver with Northern
Railway in 2006. Savitribai Phule is the first woman
teacher of India. Toolika Rani is the first woman from
UP to climb Mount Everest. Shail Mishra is the first
Indian woman to drive metro train.

491. a

Kesar Saga is a Tibetan epic performed and sung
by both Muslims and Buddhists.

480. b

Richard Arkwright invented the steam engine in 1786.

492. d

481. b

By the beginning of the nineteenth century, Englishmade cotton textiles successfully ousted Indian
textiles from their markets in Africa, America and
Europe. With this thousands of weavers in India
were thrown out of employment.

According to the Economic Survey of India, Goa has
the highest per capita income which is over Rs.
130000 per capita.

493. d

Highest contributing sector to the GDP of India is the
tertiary sector (service sector).

494. d

According to the Constitution of India, anyone who
is 18 years old or above and who has the right to
vote is a member of the Gram Sabha.

482. d

The first cotton mill in India was set up as a spinning
mill in Bombay in 1854.

483. b

Wootz steel when made into swords produced a
very sharp edge with a flowing water pattern. This
pattern came from very small carbon crystals
embedded in the iron. Tipu Sultan’s legendary swords
were made of wootz.

495. b

Articles 14-17 protect an individual’s fundamental
right to equality.
Article 14 - Equality before law
Article 15 - Prohibition of discrimination on grounds
of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
Article 16 - Equality of opportunity in public
employment
Article 17 - Abolition of Untouchability
Article 18 - Abolition of titles.

498. b

According to the Census of India 2011, Madhya
Pradesh has the highest IMR in India which is 67.

499. a

The Indian government enacted the Consumer
Protection Act in 1986, popularly known as COPRA,
to correct business conduct which may be unfair
and against the interests of consumers.

In the 14th Century Allauddin Khilji constructed the
tank in Hauz Khas at Delhi for supplying water to Siri
Fort area.

485. c

Midday meal scheme (programme introduced in all
government elementary schools to provide children
with cooked meal) was first introduced in Tamil Nadu.
The Supreme Court of India, in 2001, ordered all
state governments to begin this programme in their
schools.

497. d

484. d

496. b

Panini, born around 6 th century BC, prepared a
grammar for Sanskrit in which he arranged the
vowels and the consonants in a special order, and
then used these to create formulae like those found
in Algebra. He used these to write down the rules of
the language in short formulae.

MISCELLANEOUS
486. d

487. d

Buffer stock is a stock of a basic commodity
accumulated by a government when supplies are
plentiful and prices low, and held for use when
supplies are short to stabilize the price. Minimum
Support Price is that price at which government is
ready to purchase the crop from the farmers directly.
Locke’s views, in his Two Treatises of Government
(1690), attacked the theory of divine right of kings
and the nature of the state as conceived by English
philosopher and political theorist Thomas Hobbes.


500. b

Page 21


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01. general knowledge capsule