Cambodia has a long history, including the powerful Angkor Kingdom between 802-1431 AD, French colonial rule from 1863-1954, the Khmer Rouge genocide in 1975-1979 that killed 1.7 million people, and a transition to democracy in the 1990s. Today, Cambodia is recovering from the genocide but still faces challenges of poverty, lack of education, and government corruption as it works to develop its economy and society.

1. History of Cambodia

2. History of Cambodia
Ancient Kingdom of Angkor (AD 802-1431)
French Colonial Period
US bombing of Cambodia
Khmer Rouge Genocide
Vietnamese-backed Government
Civil War
Democratic Elections
Cambodia Today
Cambodia’s Challenges

3. Kingdom of Angkor
First Government
Lasted from AD 802-1431
Powerful empire including
Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos
(30 million people)
Hinduism, temple built of
stone carved with myths and
stories
Temple of Angkor Wat
Wat = Temple

4. Kingdom of Angkor
Shift from Hinduism to
Buddhism
Thailand invaded in 1431
Vietnamese invaded.
Lost territories to Thailand and
Vietnam
Capital moved to Phnom Penh
(1432)
Simple agricultural life

5. History of Cambodia
Ancient Kingdom of Angkor
French Colonial Period 1863-1954
US bombing of Cambodia
Khmer Rouge Genocide
Vietnamese-backed Government
Civil War
Democratic Elections
Cambodia Today
Cambodia’s Challenges

6. French Colonial Period
1863-1954
The French arrived in 1863
French controlled, King Norodom as a
Symbolic King
Pros: Restoration of Angkor Wat and
offered protection from Thailand and
Vietnam
Cons: lost freedom and being controlled
Independence from French in 1954
Prince Sihanouk ruled the country until
1970
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-aua0ggygWok/Te8gnOyjFEI/
AAAAAAAADvU/b_RLAUPrp00/s640/Well-
preserved+French+colonial+architecture%252C+Cambodia.jpg

7. History of Cambodia
Ancient Kingdom of Angkor
French Colonial Period
US bombing of Cambodia
Khmer Rouge Genocide
Vietnamese-backed Government
Civil War
Democratic Elections
Cambodia Today
Cambodia’s Challenges

8. US Bombing of Cambodia
1969 Vietnam-American War
spilled into Cambodia
Bombing continued for 4 years
US thought some Cambodian
helped Viet Cong
1970, War broke out throughout
the country
1970-1975 several hundred
thousand Cambodians died

9. History of Cambodia
Ancient Kingdom of Angkor
French Colonial Period
US bombing of Cambodia
Khmer Rouge Genocide
Vietnamese-backed Government
Civil War
Democratic Elections
Cambodia Today
Cambodia’s Challenges

10. Khmer Rouge Genocide
1940s Communist movement to
oppose the French Rule
Better treatment for farmers
Khmer Rouge - Red Cambodians-
led by Pol Pot
1975 Khmer Rough took over
Cambodia, killed middle or upper
class- a country without class
During 1975-1979, 1.7 millions
people died http://cdn.radionetherlands.nl/data/files/imagecache/must_carry/images/
lead/cambodia%20genocide.jpg

11. Khmer Rouge Genocide
Khmer Rouge invaded
Vietnam
Cambodians fled to the
Thai border in 1979
250,000 Cambodian-
Americans living in the US
today
Killing Field of Khmer Rouge
http://www.galenfrysinger.com/Photos/cambodia06.jpg

12. History of Cambodia
Ancient Kingdom of Angkor
French Colonial Period
US bombing of Cambodia
Khmer Rouge Genocide
Vietnamese-backed Government
Civil War
Democratic Elections
Cambodia Today
Cambodia’s Challenges

13. Vietnamese-backed Government
1979-1991 Vietnam
controlled Cambodia
Rebuilt roads, hospitals
and schools
Tuol Sleng (S21)
http://thanatourism.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/building-1.jpg?
w=640&h=392&crop=1

14. History of Cambodia
Ancient Kingdom of Angkor
French Colonial Period
US bombing of Cambodia
Khmer Rouge Genocide
Vietnamese-backed Government
Civil War
Democratic Elections
Cambodia Today
Cambodia’s Challenges

15. Civil War
By people loyal to king, with
business interest, and the
Khmer Rouge led by Pol Pot
Khmer Rouge fought the
government until Pol Pot
died the day before taken
prisoner by the US

16. History of Cambodia
Ancient Kingdom of Angkor
French Colonial Period
US bombing of Cambodia
Khmer Rouge Genocide
Vietnamese-backed Government
Civil War
Democratic Elections
Cambodia Today
Cambodia’s Challenges

17. Democratic Election
Vietnam left Cambodia in 1991
UN helped prepare for
democratic election
First election in 1993 (Hun Sen
and Prince Ranariddh)
Hun Sen won election in 1998,
2003 as Prime Minister until
present
Lots of corruptions
A poster urging voting at the
democratic election in
Cambodia (1993)
http://www.ba.tyg.jp/~yokoyama/Gallery_Engy.html

18. History of Cambodia
Ancient Kingdom of Angkor
French Colonial Period
US bombing of Cambodia
Khmer Rouge Genocide
Vietnamese-backed Government
Civil War
Democratic Elections
Cambodia Today
Cambodia’s Challenges

19. Cambodia Today
Strongly influenced by Angkor
Empire
Music and royal dance
95% Buddhism
Cambodian New Year (April)
Water Festival (November)
Once one of the most powerful
countries in the world
Among the 10 poorest nations
http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5093/5453220547_d12a08142a.jpg http://yourmission.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/125.jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_76xUgRgjZYM/SeSw7OHR9aI/AAAAAAAALJE/
HfWUZL1IW1E/s400/2009+Khmer+New+Year+01+(AP).jpg
http://khmerleader.blogspot.com/2010/09/attacking-poverty-in-cambodia-and-india.html

20. History of Cambodia
Ancient Kingdom of Angkor
French Colonial Period
US bombing of Cambodia
Khmer Rouge Genocide
Vietnamese-backed Government
Civil War
Democratic Elections
Cambodia Today
Cambodia’s Challenges

21. Cambodia’s Challenges
Still recovering from Genocide
50% women, 25% men cannot
read or write
30% has access to clean water
50% children are malnourished
4-6 MILLION land mines
Poverty and Government
Corruption

22. Answer the questions
in your study guide

23. What is the capital of Cambodia?
Phnom Penh
Sihanouk Blvd, Phnom
Penh City
Independence
Monument from France
in 1953
http://laoscambodia.com/Phnom-Penh-view.jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-f1b_PUjhcY0/Tr0PDRRnA4I/
AAAAAAAACbI/olP9-KkLY1M/s1600/phnom-penh.jpg

24. What is the climate like?
close to the Equator
hot and tropical
rainy and dry seasons
http://image.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/61187/61187,1144467296,1/stock-
photo-raining-in-rainforest-cambodia-1179271.jpg

25. What kind of food could you get in a
country with lakes and rivers?
Fish and Rice
85% are rice farmers

26. What languages do they speak?
Khmer or Cambodian
http://www.mekong.net/cambodia/images/khmercon.jpg

27. What types of government were used/is used
in Cambodia?
Kingdom
Communism
Democracy

28. What was the famous ancient government in
Cambodia?
The Kingdom of
Angkor
http://news.asianatravelmate.com/wp-content/uploads/
2011/02/angkor-wat-cambodia.jpg

29. What happened to Angkor?
Decreased in size and
power due to invasions
from Thailand and
Vietnam
http://www.bangkoksite.com/AyutthayaPage/WatChaiwatthanaram.htm
http://naigimm.multiply.com/photos/photo/22/2

30. The French took over Cambodia
In 1863, French protectorate
Which foreign country colonized Cambodia?
What was an advantage of being controlled by
the French?
Cambodia was protected from its invading neighbors.
What was a disadvantage?
Lost freedom
Felt resentment for being controlled by foreigners.

31. in 1954
Ruled by Prince Sihanouk
When did Cambodia become independent
from France and who ruled the country?
Why did the US start bombing Cambodia in 1969?
The US thought Cambodia was supporting the Vietnamese
communists

32. What happened in 1975?
Genocide began
The Khmer Rouge took over the country
started killing educated people
1.7 million people died from execution, starvation,
disease

33. How did the genocide end?
What was the attitude of Cambodians toward new
Vietnamese-backed government?
Who was the civil war between?
The Vietnamese invaded and pushed them out in 1979
Glad to be free from the Khmer Rouge
But didn’t like the Vietnamese
Cambodian Government vs the Khmer Rouge and
other groups

34. What finally ended the civil war?
The Death of Pol Pot

35. Who is the current leader of Cambodia?
Hun Sen
Sole leader of
Cambodian People’s
Party since 1979

36. What happened to the Khmer Rouge leaders?
Pol Pot died in 1998
Son Sen died in 1997
Awaiting a United Nation
trial for crime against
Humanity
Nuon Chea,
Ieng Sary,
Khieu Samphan,
Ieng Thirith
http://www.cambodia.org/images/NuonChea_trial.jpg http://cache.daylife.com/imageserve/0g5d8Be69p1Fk/610x.jpg
http://resources3.news.com.au/images/
2009/12/18/1225811/818851-khieu-samphan.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-iardilhvHT8/TlfHYCADV5I/AAAAAAAACWE/KazhhlzwCEA/s1600/Reuters_Cambodia_Thirith_06_29_2011_480.jpg
http://www.biography.com/imported/images/Biography/Images/Profiles/P/Pol-Pot-9443888-1-402.jpg
http://www.flickr.com/photos/der/1150868208/

37. What is Cambodia like today?
Buddhist
Democratic
Recovering from Genocide
Poverty
Lack of schools and
medical care
Corruption