This is an April 1916 Havana presentation stressing that Cuba has the technical skills to make major digital advances in the Internet ecosystem, and that the lack of political will to "unleash" Cuban abilities (mainly among its underemployed youth) is a major risk to Cuba's future. It can muster the political will to ride the digital wave, or sit back and be swamped by a tsunami of foreign oligopolies in league with emerging Cuban oligarchs. It is the tragedy of a country with the abilities being shackled by a lack or (or perverse) political will that will betray even the goals of the Cuban Revolution.
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Digital Cuba: Ride the Wave of Face the Tsunami
1. Dr. Sam Lanfranco, Prof. Emeritus & Senior
Scholar
York University, Canada - ISOC Canada -
Chair, NPOC Policy Committee, ICANN
Havana March 16th
2016
La Historia de la computación e Internet
en la región
¿Qué? - ¿Por Qué?
¿Para Quién?
América Latina, el Caribe y Cuba: de Ayer a Mañana
2. América Latina, el Caribe y Cuba: de Ayer a Mañana
Learning Lessons: Latin America, the
Caribbean, Cuba & The World
1. History: Documents and Celebrates Human Effort
2. Its Purpose: Learn Lessons to Build a Better Tomorrow
1. The Speed of change means
1. A better tomorrow for our children and ourselves
2. Digital History is both young and thin
3. Digital Artifacts are mainly obsolete
2. Global Lessons Learned: use global digital history
3. Ride the Wave: use the right technology in the right context
4. Context: Use less old thinking and more new innovation
3. Latin America, the Caribbean & Cuba: From Yesterday to Tomorrow
My Focus
Building a Digital Transition Cuba
Ride the Wave or Face the Tsunami
4. Building Transition Cuba
and
the Potential for Digital Leadership
Cuba can move fast and ride the digital wave
into a better future
– or –
Cuba can move slow with damaged by inertia from
within and damage by tsunami from without
Transition Cuba learning from:
Internet Ecosystem Lessons from everywhere
Digital Transition Lessons from elsewhere
5. Fixed-broadband price as
Percentage of Gross Personal Income
Obstacle or Opportunity:
•Technology: Wi-Fi – Wireless – Mesh – Internet of Things – IXPs
•Political Will: Spectrum – Fiber/Towers – Technology – Tariffs/Duties
•Privacy & Security: Personal – Business – State/National
Evidence: Broadband in Cuba
6. Evidence: Cuba’s ITU ICT Development Index
Obstacle – or - Opportunity
•Technology: Wi-Fi – Wireless – Mesh – Internet of Things – IXPs
•Political Will: Spectrum – Fiber/Towers – Technology – Tariffs/Duties
•Privacy & Security: Personal – Business – State/National
Source: ITU
7. Access and Use rank near the bottom - Skills and Ability rank near the top
Build Infrastructure - Put Talent to Work
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/ 10.00
8. Cuba’s Potential Dynamic Comparative Advantages for Tomorrow?
• Highly Educated Youth
• Education, Research, Technology: sector pockets of strength
• Favorable Natural Ecosystem: for Farming / Solar Energy / Tourism
Obstacles to Development using Cuba’s Dynamic Comparative Advantages
• Slow political will for infrastructure and innovation support
• Slow innovation around ecosystem strengths (Farming/Solar/Tourism)
• Lack of bottom up opportunities in innovative activities
Cuban Opportunity:
Example: MakerSpaces: A Wave or a Tsunami?
Cuban Shared Technology & Skills
Start-up Structures for Cuba [??]
Enterprise Skills and Funding [??]
Initiative Innovation
9. Internet
of Things
•Disruptive Internet of
Everything - all the Time
•Driven by:
•IPv6 addressing
•Nano technology
•3-D additive technology
•Wireless connectivity
•Political Will
•Government and Business
80% of IoT spending:
Opportunities and
Challenges Large and Small
•Software 40% of spending
11. Cuban Transportation Planning
Old Vehicle Planning: Vehicles; Roads; Traffic and Parking
New Transportation Ecosystem Planning: e-Vehicles; Travel Apps; Shared Transport
Challenges are Opportunities
•Urban transport (Old Havana)
•Tourists & Tourism Travel
• Individual travel
• Group Travel
•Solar vs Carbon Fuels
•Imported vs Local Apps/Tech
•Micro/Nano Production
•Owned Cars vs Shared Fleets
12. Transition Estonia: Rode the Wave
2000: Declared Internet access to be a human right
Refused land line phone system & built a digital cell system
Spread free Wi-Fi and embraced online e-government
2007: First country with online general election voting
Today: 95% of Estonians file annual tax returns online
From no land ownership registry to a digital land registry
Health records are stored in the digital cloud
In 8 years all schools were online
Skype developed in Estonia:
2005 Skype sale produced pool of venture capital
Estonia’s capital: home to more than 150 tech companies
Tech companies are engaged in global partnerships
Tech represents 15% of Estonia’s GDP., up from zero
Transition Estonia:
discarded legacy thinking
Political will to embrace the Internet
Embraced innovation potential of it education youth
Rode wave to transition success.
http://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2013/07/economist-explains-21
13. Ride the Wave: Pre-Transition Myanmar
From 0.002% Internet access in 2012 to over 50% access today
SIM card prices fell from over 2,000.00 $US to less than 2.00 $US
Imports were restricted to smart phones (low cost Chinese)
A contract was granted to build 8,000 cell towers by 2018
The Political Will for policy was in place
Pubic/Private/Foreign partnerships were encouraged
Transition Challenge to Myanmar’s government, business
community, and civil society
Engaged in little awareness raising or stakeholder engagement
Will face major stresses from rapid ICT and Internet access.
Risks: Swamped by a foreign tsunami or retreating into stagnating
14. A Poorly Planned Transition Strategy Results in:
An ICT strategy that retards good innovation
Poor ICT incentives & opportunities
Oligarchs that impede innovation
Oligopolies that impede innovation
Bad income and wealth concentration
Dependent foreign export and investment relationships
Russian Transition Strategies
Damaged Societies & Damaged Prospects
Excessive dependence on Neo-Liberal Transition Ideas
Little attention to innovation based on domestic strengths
15. Ride the Wave – For Transition Cuba
Rapid Transformation
from Laggard to Leader
Needs:
Political Will
Stakeholder Engagement
Internet and Innovation Policy
Needs:
Political Will
Rapid Infrastructure Roll Out
Cooperative enterprise
Public Private Partnerships
Immediate
Sustainable
Strengths
Infrastructure
Temporary Obstacles
Easily Remedial
(e.g. Myanmar)
Human Capital
18. Ride the Wave at Home & Harness the Tsunami
Rapid infrastructure roll out
Bottom Up Stakeholder Engagement in Domestic Internet Policy
Broader and Deeper Cuban Engagement in Regional and Global Policy forums
Multilateral, UN, and non-governmental Internet organizations
ICANN’s Multistakeholder Governmental Advisory Committee (GAC)
Engagement with the Internet Society (e.g. IXP efforts)
Technical participation in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) & IAB
Business, Academic, Civil Society engagement in ICT for Development
Stakeholder engagement in the IGF and WSIS activities
Cuban Political Will at all levels: more open processes within Cuba’s values
19. Start to Ride the Wave
Approach:
Multistakeholder Consultation
for a decade of digital Innovation
20. Para comentarios, preguntas, críticas,
ideas, ponerse en contacto conmigo por
correo electrónico:
<Lanfran@yorku.ca>
<Sam@Lanfranco.Net>
Adios Ramon
1924 - 2016
Sam Lanfranco
Prince Edward County Ontario
Lanfranco Farm
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