#concept,feature,importance,process,principle and limitation.

1. RACHNA
1700005010007

2.  Management Process.
 Concept of Controlling.
 Features of Controlling.
 Importance of Controlling
 Relationship between Planning & Controlling.
 Controlling Process
 Principle of Control
 Limitation of Controlling.

5. :-
In management , control means that in order to
desired objectives efficiently , economically &
successfully the real progress of the work should
be assessed from time to time so that the actual
progress of the work is in accordance with the
expected progress.
:-
According to Philip Kotler , “Control is the process
of taking steps to bring actual results & desired
results closer together. “

6. There are many function of management like
planning , organizing , staffing , directing &
controlling. Out of all these functions , controlling
is the most important.
:
Controlling is a function which is applicable to all
types of organizations and at all levels.
:
Control is not a onetime activity. Rather , it is a
dynamic process that involves constant analysis of
actual and planned performance. The resultant
deviations , if any , are corrected as per the need of
the situation.

7. :
Controlling as a function of management ensures
that the overall directions of individuals and groups
are consistent with short and long range plans of
the organization. So it is completely a goal oriented
function.
:
The need of control is felt both at the beginning
and end of the process of management.
:
Control is related to result because we assess
progress on the basis of result and take corrective
action after finding out the deviation

8. :-
The controlling function measures progress
towards the organizational goals and bring to
indicates corrective action.
:-
A good control system enables management to
verify whether the standards set are accurate or
not by careful Check on the changes taking place
in the organizational environment .

9. :-
By the process of control a manager seeks to
reduce wastage of reduces.
:-
A good control system ensures that employees
known well in advance what they are expected to
do & also the standard of performance.
:-
Controlling creates an atmosphere of order and
discipline the organization by keeping a close
check on the activities of its employees.

10. The relationship between planning & control can be
divided into the following two parts.
.
i. Planning is meaningless without controlling
ii. Controlling is blind without planning
i. Planning is looking ahead whereas controlling
is looking back.
ii. Planning is the first function & controlling is
the last function of managerial process.

11. DESIRED
PERFORMANCE
IMPLEMENTATIO
N OF
CORRECTIONS
ACTUAL
PERFORMANC
E
CORRECTIVE
PLAN ACTION
ANALYSIS OF
CAUSES OF
DEVIATION
MEASUREMEN
T OF
PERFORMENC
E
COMPARISON
OF ACTUAL
AND
STANDARD
IDENTIFICATI
ON OF
DEVIATION
MANAGEMEN
T CONTROL
PROCESS

12. The first step of controlling is to set performance
standards. Standards are those criteria on the basis
of which the actual performance is measured
oReasonable
oMeasureable
oFlexible
oSimple & Clear
oDeviation Tolerance

13. The second step in the process of controlling is the
measurement of actual performance the
measurement of actual performance is done on
the basis of pre-determined standards.
:
o Figures should be completely true.
o These figures should be continuously prepared.
o The standard for measuring progress should be the
same.
o Progress measuring system should be quick to
point out deviations.

14. At this step , actual performance is compared with the
standard & deviation are found out.
.
1. Negative Deviation.
2. Positive Deviation.
In the controlling process , it is important to know the
causes of negative deviation but it is less important
to know about the causes of positive deviation.

15. At this stage , deviation are analyzed. In the analysis
of deviation following things are :
i. Is standard being attained ?
ii. Is deviation acceptable ?
iii. Is standard acceptable ?
iv. Revising the standard.
i. Human causes.
ii. Uncertain events.
iii. Wrong standard.

16. The last but the most important step in the process
of controlling is taking corrective action. The
purpose of corrective action is to bring the actual
work progress to the level of expected progress.
This includes two types of arrangement.
i. Removing deviation in the actual performance.
ii. Stopping the repetition of any such problem
in future.

17.  Principle of Standards
 Principle of Efficiency of Control
 Principle of Direct Control
 Principle of Flexibility
 Principle of Assurance of Objectives
 Principle of Reflection of plans
 Principle of Responsibility of Control
 Principle of Critical-point Control
 Principle of Future Control
 Principle of Action

18.  :-
Generally , no enterprise can control external
factors such as government policies, technological
changes , competitions etc.
:-
Control is often resisted by employees. They see
it as a restriction on their freedom.
:-
Control is a costly affair as it involves a lot of
expenditure of time and efforts.

19. :-
Control system loses some of its effectiveness ,
when standard cannot be defined in quantitative
terms. In the absence of quantitative standard ,
comparison with standards becomes difficult.