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Shiva Bangi presented the "Systemic nitrogen demand signaling"
- 1. Systemic nitrogen demand signaling Shivalingappa Bangi PALB- 5052 Crop Physiology UAS, GKVK Bengaluru
- 2. Why Nitrogen is important ?????? It is an essential macronutrient that impacts plant growth and development. There is an abundant supply of nitrogen in the earth’s atmosphere— N2 gas comprises nearly 79% of air. It is an important component of chlorophyll, amino acids, nucleic acids and secondary metabolites. The nitrogen regulatory mechanisms are mostly characterized at the physiological level but still remain largely unknown at the molecular level
- 4. Nitrogen Uptake Organic form Inorganic form Nitrate, Ammonium and Urea Amino acid, Proteins and peptides
- 5. Nitrate is one of the most abundant N sources in the soil. Under various environmental conditions, plants need to acquire nitrate efficiently from the soil, distribute it between source and sink organs, and adjust nitrate homeostasis at the cellular level. To do so, plants use a combination of transporters and channels with diverse ranges of affinity and specificity.
- 6. Nitrate transporter and channels in higher plants NRT1 (Nitrate transporter-1) Dual-affinity (transport and signalling) NRT2 (Nitrate transporter-2) CLC family (Chloride channel) SLAH3 (Slow anion channel- associated 1 homolog 3)- uptake, allocation and sensing of nitrate CLC a CLC b
- 8. O’Brien et al., 2016 Nitrate signaling pathway in Arabidopsis roots PLC- phspholipase C TGA1- TGACG MOTIF- BINDING FACTOR ABF3- AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX 3 NAC4- NAC DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN
- 9. Wang et al., 2012 How Nitrate movement in root system ???? NAXT1 – Nitrate excretion transporter 1
- 10. Wang et al., 2012 Regulation of root-to-shoot nitrate transport Co- cortex Pe- pericycle Xy - xylem Ph – phloem En - endodermis
- 11. Wang et al., 2012 Directions of nitrate movement mediated by transporters and channels CIPK3 - Calcineurin-B like (CBL)-CBL-interacting protein kinase CPK21- calcium-dependant protein kinase 21 NAXT1 – Nitrate excretion transporter 1
- 12. NRT2.1 NRT2.2 NRT2.4 NRT1.1 NRT1.2 HATS LATS Uptake NAXT1 SLAH3 NRT1.1 Vacuole CLCa,b NO3 - H+ Vacuole NRT2.7 NO3 - H+ (?) Embryo cell Mesophyll cell Guard cell NRT 1.8 NRT 1.9 Role of Nitrate transporters in whole plant system ??
- 13. Wang et al., 2012 Nitrate remobilization from older to younger leaves
- 14. Wang et al., 2012 Nitrate transport to embryos F - Funiculus
- 15. Components of the influx and efflux of nitrate and ammonium in roots. Hachiya et al., 2016 NSCC- non-selective cation channels AMT- Ammonium transporters
- 16. Conclusion Further study is required to understand the function of other transporters. For example, there are at 80 genes in the rice (Oryza sativa) NRT1 family but to date only two of them have been functionally characterized. In Arabidopsis also less than one third of NRT1 and NRT2 genes have been characterized. Now a big question to plant scientists is that why higher plants need so many nitrate transporters? and how those genes were function and how these coordinate the external stimuli with internal growth, it requires more study.
- 17. REFERENCE HACHIYA, T., AND SAKAKIBARA, H., 2016, Interactions between nitrate and ammonium in their uptake, allocation, assimilation, and signaling in plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, erw449. O'BRIEN, J. A., VEGA, A., BOUGUYON, E., KROUK, G., GOJON, A., CORUZZI, G., AND GUTIÉRREZ, R. A., 2016, Nitrate transport, sensing, and responses in plants. Molecular Plant, 9(6): 837-856. WANG, Y. Y., HSU, P. K., AND TSAY, Y. F., 2012, Uptake, allocation and signaling of nitrate. Trends in plant science, 17(8): 458-467.