Helmethic infections for 3rd year 2011.

1. Helmentic infections: Dr.Mohamad Shaikhani.

6. Roundworms(Nematodes). Round worms(asaris lumbricoides)

12. Treatment for common intestinal nematodes. Asaris Hook E.V Trichuris Strongyloides Piperazine +++ + +++ - - Pyrantel +++ ++ +++ - - Oxantel - - - +++ - Mebendazole ++ ++ +++ ++ + Albendazole ++ ++ + + ++ Thiabendazole ++ ++ ++ + +++ Levamisole +++ + + - - Pyrvinium + - +++ - -

18. Humans Accidental Intermediate Host

22. Cestodes(Tape worms). Echinococcus granulosus & multilocularis(hydatid cysts):

23. Cestodes(Tape worms). Echinococcus granulosus & multilocularis(hydatid cysts): Scolex Adult worm Taenia saginata Infected beef

30. Trematodes(Fluke). Shistosomiasis (Bilharziasis):

32. Trematodes(Fluke). Shistosomiasis (Bilharziasis): pathogenesis & clinical features. Stage Time S.Hematobium Other types. Cercarial penitration Days Papular dermatitis. Swimmers itch Same Larval migration& maturation. Weeks Pneumonitis,myositis,hepatitis,fever,eosinophilia,seroconversion. Same. Early egg deposition. Months. Cystitis, hematuria Immune complex glomerulonephritis. Colitis,hepatitis, Portal HT Same.

33. Trematodes(Fluke). Shistosomiasis (Bilharziasis): pathogenesis & clinical features. Stage Time S.Hematobium Other types. Late egg deposition. Years. UB, ureters fibrosis calcification,Ca Infection,stones,hydronephrosis. Pulmonary granulomas & pulmonary hypertension. Colonic polyposis & strictures,periportal firosis, portal hypertension. Same.

35. Trematodes(Fluke). Shistosomiasis (Bilharziasis): Treatment. Type Praziquantel Oxamniquine Metrifonate Mansoni 40mg/kg once 15mg/kg*2*2 days Not useful Japonicum 40mg/kg*2 in one day Not useful Not useful Hematobium 40mg/kg once Not useful 7.5mg/kg every 2 weeks * 3

37. A: Acute liver granuloma around S mansoni egg in liver. B: Chronic liver granuloma around the remains of a schistosome egg in liver, with dominant fibrous tissue.

38. C: Macrohaematuria due to ulceration of the bladder wall in urinary schistosomiasis. D: Ultrasonography of irregular bladder wall and polyp; E: IVP showing bilateral hydroureter and hydronephrosis.

39. F: Severe bloody diarrhoea due to S mansoni . G: 6-year-old boy with gross hepatosplenomegaly. H: 19-year-old man with symptoms of chronic fibrotic liver schistosomiasis—splenomegaly, external varices, ascites, growth retardation. I: ultrasonography of advanced periportal fibrosis &portal venodilatation;