A certain element has a half life of 4.5 billion years. a. You find .pdf

•

0 likes•2 views

A certain element has a half life of 4.5 billion years. a. You find a rock containing a mixture of the element and lead. You determine that 30% of the original element remains; the other 70% decayed into lead. How old is the rock? b. Analysis of another rock shows that it contains 5555% of its original element; the other 4545% decayed into lead. How old is the rock? Solution Decay constant = 0.693/half life = 0.693/4.5 = 0.154 So element has decayed to 30 % So, A(t) = Aoe^(-kt) 0.3 = 1*e^(-0.154t) take log on both sides: ln(0.3)= -0.154t t = 7.81 billion years Rock is 7.81 billion year old b) Remaining element = 55% So, 0.55 = 1e^(-0.154t) take log on both sides: ln0.55 = -0.154t t = 3.88 billion years Rock is 3.88 billion year old.

Education

More from shahidqamar17

what is a bottom heap up construction with an example please? Solution Bottom Heap up Construction :with n keys takes O(n) time. - Insert (n + 1)/2 nodes - Insert (n + 1)/4 nodes and downheap them - Insert (n + 1)/8 nodes and downheap them. The basic ides behind bottom up heap construction is that the Nodes with no children are trivial heaps and if a node has two heaps as children we can convert it to a larger heap with a bubbling operation..

what is a bottom heap up construction with an example pleaseSol.pdf

shahidqamar17

What are the types of differences that exist between IFRS and U.S. GAAP? Give examples. Solution The types of differences that exist between IFRS and U.S. GAAP can be classified as: • Definition differences • Recognition differences • Measurement differences • Differences in allowed alternatives • Differences in (lack of) guidance • Presentation differences • Disclosure differences The types of differences that exist between IFRS and U.S. GAAP would NOT generally include Comparability differences..

What are the types of differences that exist between IFRS and U.S. G.pdf

shahidqamar17

ROT13 (rotate by 13 places) is a simple letter substitution cipher that is an example of a Caesar cipher used by Julius Caesar. ROT13 replaces a letter with the letter 13 letters after it in the alphabet. (A==>N, B==>O, C==>P, etc...) So, the translation of the word COMPUTER using ROT13 would be PBZCHGRE. Write a C++ program that asks the user for the name of an input file and translates the contents of that file using ROT13. Your program should also save the results of the translation into another file with a \".rot13\" file extension. Submit: Fully documented and compilable source code Documentation should include: Pseudocode Top comment block (The name of the program, The name of the programmer, The date of the program, and A brief description of the purpose of the program) Function comments (Description, pre and post conditions) Internal comments for all functions Solution Pseudocode : 1. Input the string to encrypt 2. Encrypt the string by using ROT13 ceaser cipher method 3. If the given string is an alpha string and If tolower(string) –a is lesser than 14 , use the + 13 key to append 4. If tolower(string) –a is greater than 14 , use the - 13 key to append 5. Output the encrypted result. Program : #include #include #include using namespace std; string ROT13(string msg) { string encrypted; for (size_t i = 0; i < msg.size(); ++i) { if (isalpha(msg[i])) { if ((tolower(msg[i]) - \'a\') < 14) encrypted.append(1, msg[i] + 13); else encrypted.append(1, msg[i] - 13); } else { encrypted.append(1, msg[i]); } } return encrypted; } int main() { string msg; string s; cout << \"Enter the message: \" << flush; getline(cin, msg); cout << \"Encryted message : \" << ROT13(msg) << endl; } Output : Enter the message: abcdefgh Encryted Text : nopqrstu.

ROT13 (rotate by 13 places) is a simple letter substitution cipher t.pdf

shahidqamar17

question.(player, entity ,field and base.java codes are given) Stopping Player All players need to stay within the eld boundaries. This rst class you write will lay some of the foundation for the logic needed in all your players. Create a class called Stopping that extends the Player class. A Stopping player will initially move in a random direction and stops moving when it reaches the border of the playing eld (without leaving the playing eld). The direction that a player moves in is determined by its speed in each direction: speedX and speedY. You will add this logic to manipulate the speed attributes for stopping in its play() method. Take care to notice that the images of the players have some size to them. Your player should not “visually” leave the eld. All parts of the image should be on or inside the eld boundaries. player class; public abstract class Player extends Entity{ /** this player\'s team name */ protected String team; /** this player\'s name */ protected String name; /** this player\'s number */ protected int number; /** gets this player\'s team name * * @return the team name that this player is on */ public final String getTeam(){ return this.team; } /** gets this player\'s name * * @return the name of this player */ public final String getName(){ return this.name; } /** gets this player\'s number * * @return the number of this player */ public final int getNumber(){ return this.number; } /** creates a player with specified symbol at specified position * * @param f is the field the player will be playing on * @param side is the side of the field the player will play on * @param name is this name of the player * @param number is this player\'s number * @param team is this player\'s team name * @param symbol is a character (char) representation of this player * @param x is the x-coordinate of this player * @param y is the y-coordinate of this player */ public Player(Field f, int side, String name, int number, String team, char symbol, double x, double y){ super(symbol, x, y); this.name = name; this.number = number; this.team = team; f.registerPlayer(this, this.id, side); // register the player on the field } /** attempt to catch an opponent player * * @param opponent a player on the opponent\'s team that you are trying to catch * @param field is the field the game is being played on * @return true if this player successfully catches the opponent player, false otherwise */ public final boolean catchOpponent(Player opponent, Field field){ return field.catchOpponent(this, opponent); } /** Informs this player that they have been caught by another player. * * This method should only be called from within the Field class. * * @param opponent is the player that caught this player * @param id should be the id of the this player */ public void beenCaught(Player opponent, int id){ /* check if the caller knows this entity\'s id */ if( this.id != id ){ throw new SecurityException(\"Unauthorized attempt to call beenCaught \"); } } /** att.

question.(player, entity ,field and base.java codes are given)Stop.pdf

shahidqamar17

Question 25 A Multilateral agreement in which countries signed to ban the trade of products that deplete the Ozone layer Doha Round 2001, Qatar Kyoto Protocol 1995, Japan Montreal Protocol 1991, Canada Uruguay round 1986, Uruguay Moving to another question will save this response. Solution Montreal Protocal 1991, Canada. The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. (c) is correct..

Question 25 A Multilateral agreement in which countries signed to ban.pdf

shahidqamar17

Prove. Let n be a natural number. Any set of n integers {a1, a2, . . . , an} for which no two are congruent modulo n is a complete residue system modulo n. Solution There are n distinct residues in complete residue system Since given set have n integers and no two are congruent modulo n hence we have a set of n distinct residues modulo n. ANd hence the given set is a complete residue system modulo n.

Prove. Let n be a natural number. Any set of n integers {a1, a2, . ..pdf

shahidqamar17

1Write a Java program that calculates and displays the Fibonacciseries, defined by the recursive formula F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2). F(0) and F(1) are given on the command line.Define and use a class Fib with the following structure: public class Fib { // constructorpublic Fib(int f0, int f1){.....} // computes F(n) using an ***iterative*** algorithm, where F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2) is the recursive definition. // use instance variables that store F(0) and F(1). // check parameter and throw exception if n < 0. Don\'t worry about arithmetic overflow. public int f(int n) {....} // computes F(n) using the ***recursive*** algorithm, where F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2) is the recursive definition. // use instance variables that store F(0) and F(1).// check parameter and throw exception if n < 0. Don\'t worry about arithmetic overflow. public int fRec(int n) {....} public static void main(String[] args){ // get numbers F(0) and F(1) from args[0] and args[1].// use either the Scanner class or Integer.parseInt(args[...])// you must handle possible exceptions !.... // get n from args[2]:.... // create a Fib object with params F(0) and F(1).... // calculate F(0), ..., F(n) and display them with System.out.println(...) using // the iterative methode f(i).... // calculate F(0), ..., F(n) and display them with System.out.println(...) using // the recursive methode fRec(i).... } // instance variables store F(0) and F(1):.... }; Write javadoc comments for the Fib class. Solution // Fib.java /** * This class provide iterative as well as recursive mode of * finding nth value of fibonaci series * * To run this program please run like java Fib 1 1 10 * * This means f(0) = 1, f(1) = 1 and you want to compute series for 10 numbers * * @author Anonymous * */ public class Fib { public Fib(int first, int second) { f0 = first; f1 = second; } static int f0; static int f1; public static int f(int n) throws Exception { if (n < 0) { throw new Exception (\"invalid value: n should be greater than equal to 0\"); } if (n == 0) return f0; if (n == 1) return f1; int prev = f1; int prevprev = f0; int result = 0; for (int i = 2 ; i <= n; i++) { result = prev + prevprev; prevprev = prev; prev = result; } return result; } public static int fRec(int n) throws Exception { if (n < 0) { throw new Exception (\"invalid value: n should be greater than equal to 0\"); } if ( n == 0) { return f0; } if (n == 1) { return f1; } return fRec(n-1) + fRec(n-2); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ int first = 0; int second = 0; int n = 0; try { first = Integer.parseInt(args[0]); second = Integer.parseInt(args[1]); n = Integer.parseInt(args[2]); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(\"Please enter integer number only: \" + e); throw e; } Fib fib = new Fib(first, second);` System.out.println(\"Printing using iterative method\"); for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) { System.out.println(f(i)); } System.out.println(\"Printing using recursive method\"); for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) { System.out.pr.

1Write a Java program that calculates and displays the Fibonacciseri.pdf

shahidqamar17

need an example of a System Anaysis and design project: must have 3 phases 1. Analysis of the business 2. System analysis(modeling, data proceduers and modeling and C. System design with input design, output design, and user interface A midsize business with 100 end-users has asked you to develop a new intranet with prioritization requirement list. It is clear to you that the business cannot function without an intranet these days. After the initial meeting with CFO and IT director, you were asked to start the job. They want you to produce a prliminary investigation report. Solution Introduction: In a big organization communication is very important, employees will share information, thoughts and other work related document. One way of achieving this is through a medium called \"Intranet\". The purpose of intranet is to make a \"internal world\". Business Analysis: (What should be filled in this section: What are all the problems or issues within a company, on identifying the issue discuss with stake holders and implement an accepted solution consider the below points 1) How to improve a problem. 2) Considering current business process. 3) Identify stakeholders.) Employees don\'t utilize very well. Because they fail to recognize the difference between internet and intranet. Following are the factors they fail to recognize. System Analysis: (What should be filled in this section:The system analysis phase focuses on what the system will do in an effort that views all stakeholders, as viable sources of information. In the analysis phase, a significant amount of time is spent talking with stakeholders and reviewing the stakeholder’s input) Here we will discuss about how to analyze problems that are occurring on the company or organization on using the intranet. Below are the steps to develop a intranet from scratch. Stakeholders Involved: 1)Employee 2)IT team managing the system 3)Networking team Analysis is the process to study the current or existing system of the company or organization. If there was already an intranet system built, analyzing it would give a better understanding what are the current problems and symptoms. If there was not already an intranet system built, studying how the system works without the intranet would give ideas which area in the system that can be improved using the intranet. For example, currently division A and division B has to exchange information about sales using a lot of paper and it is very tedious work to do. This simple example would give an idea to improve their job by building pages, forms, and databases so that everything will be done online and paperless. Analyzing the mission statement of what is the goal to build the intranet would also provide some basic guideline to develop the intranet Design Analysis: (What should be filled in this section: Design phase deals with how a product has to be designed and what are the functionalities to be added in the product) Design process is basically a process t.

need an example of a System Anaysis and design project must have 3 .pdf

shahidqamar17

Money laundering has become a mechanism for terrorist financing activities. Research this topic and write a 4-page paper addressing the following: Describe how and why terrorist organizations use money laundering as a tool for financing their activities. How can investigators detect and investigate these schemes? What specific types of evidence will be useful to investigate these crimes? Is there any correlation between cybercrime and the techniques used to launder money? Identify a real case of money laundering and discuss the details? Solution How and why terrorist organization use money laundering as a tool for financing their activities: Ans: the criminal organizations are involved in primarily in profit- making crime. They a re constituted for this purposes as well as to exploit crime opportunities in a systematic and large scale manner.the reason is that the operation may generate vast amount of wealth. Investigators detect and investigate these schemes by establishing the link between cash , illicit activities and their perpetrators. Breaking up large amount unto smaller bank deposits. Purchasing money orders in smaller money amounts. These types of evidence will be useful to investigate these crimes:the data fusion center concept broadens the scope of the types of the data sources available for intelligence analysis.several tools such as SN-SPHERE ,IT DETECTS and investigates money laundering activities and can easily interface with other invesgative systems.the account owner withdrawal/deposit/transfer is detected by organizations.the profile analysis is done. Yes,There is correlation between cybercrimes and money laundering techniques. Real case: In1980s, the bank of credit and commerce international, a bank registered in Luxembourg and with offices in London, was found guilty of laundering an amount of money estimated to be in the billions for drug traffickers..

Money laundering has become a mechanism for terrorist financing acti.pdf

shahidqamar17

Let x be any set and let lambda Solution Proof. Obviously and X are contained in T . For the second criterion, look at a subfamily {U : A} of T . Without loss of generality, assume that all U have a countable complement. Then X \\ S A U = T A X \\ U is the intersection of countable sets and therefore countable. Also, the finite union of countable sets is countable which yields the third criterion..

Let x be any set and let lambda SolutionProof. Obviously .pdf

shahidqamar17

Java public cts Node t next ni next Solution You have to create two class file in same package. First Class File : package mergesortdemo; import java.util.*; public class MergesortDemo { public static void merge(int [] A, int first_var, int last_var) { int [] temp_var = new int[last_var-first_var+1]; if (first_varmid_var) { temp_var[i]= A[i2]; i2++; } else if (i2>last_var) { temp_var[i]= A[i1]; i1++; } else if (A[i1] stack=new Stack(); MergesortRecord m = new MergesortRecord(false, 0, A.length-1); stack.push(m); while (!stack.empty()) { System.out.println(\"Stack size is: \" + stack.size()); System.out.print(\"Top of stack is: \"); stack.peek().print(); m=stack.pop(); if (m.getsorted()) { merge(A,m.getfirst(),m.getlast()); } else{ if (m.getfirst().

Java public cts Node t next ni next SolutionYou hav.pdf

shahidqamar17

1. What is the purpose of level numbers in COCOL records? 2.What are design issues for character string types? 3.What are two common problems with pointers? 4.What is a C++ reference type, what is its common use, and why are they better than pointers for formal parameters? 5.What is a type error? Solution 1. The level numbers play a very important role in the programming using COBOL records.The general purpose of level numbers in the COBOL records are: 2. The two most important design issues in the character string types are: Is it a primitive type or just a special kind of array? Should the length of strings be static or dynamic. 2. The two most important design issues in the character string types are: Is it a primitive type or just a special kind of array? Should the length of strings be static or dynamic? 3. There are some of the problems faced with pointers.The two most common problems with the pointers are explained.One of the common problem with pointers is the dangling pointer, or dangling reference which is a pointer that contains the address of a heap-dynamic variable that has been deallocated. The other common problem with the pointer is a lost heap-dynamic variable which is an allocated heap-dynamic variable that is not longer accessible to the user program, i.e. it hasn’t a pointer. Such variables are called garbage because they are unusable. 4. C++ includes a special kind of pointer type, called a reference type. The C++ reference type variable is a constant pointer that is always implicitly dereferenced and is used primarily for the formal parameters in function definitions.Because a C++ reference type variable is a constant, it must be initialized with the address of some variable in its definition, and after initialization a reference type variable can never be set to reference any other variable.This is the reason why they are better than pointers for formal parameters. 5.Type error is more specific to the Javascript language. TypeError is an object in Javascript that represents an error when any value is not of the expected type.This TypeError is thrown when an operand or argument passed to a function is incompatible with the type expected by that operator or function..

1. What is the purpose of level numbers in COCOL records2.What ar.pdf

shahidqamar17

In Android Applications, A resource identifier is a unique number that is generated where? a) In the settings of the Eclipse IDE b) Within the R.java class c) Within the resources.* package d) Within the id.java class Solution When you give an resource in your application , you can apply it by referencing its resource ID. All resource IDs are characterized in your venture\'s R class, which the aapt tool consequently creates. Answer: Option b) Within the R.java class Thank you.

In Android Applications,A resource identifier is a unique number t.pdf

shahidqamar17

If primarily illegal aliens fill menial and dirty jobs that American citizens have no interest in performing, isn\'t the best policy for all concerned to ignore the presence of these workers in the U. S.? Be sure to respond using intellectually stimulating comments. Solution Illegal immigration is a crime in any country but it doesnot mean people should be ignored and their rights should be denied. Illegal imigrants can be any type who lost everything in their own country and came for new life. Americans who are not intrested to do menial and dirty jobs are can be less concerned about these those jobs as they are intrested but people who are working in those jobs it does not mean they should be left for their lives they should also be given rights and government should see that these illegal migrants are no harm to country..

If primarily illegal aliens fill menial and dirty jobs that American.pdf

shahidqamar17

Implement the findPre function of the LinkedList class . Node * LinkedList::findPre(int d) The job of this function is to return a pointer to the node the precedes a node with data equal to d. If d only occurs in the head node or d doesn\'t occur in any node, then the function should return a pointer to the last node in the list. If the list is empty then the function should return the null pointer. This is my current attemp, it is incorrect Node * LinkedList::findPre(int d){ Node * pre = headPtr; for (int i = 1; i < position-1; i++) pre = pre->next; // how pre points to the node right before the one we want to remove. Node *temp = pre->next; pre->next = temp->next; } Solution HI, Please find my implementation. Please let me know in case of any issue. Node * LinkedList::findPre(int d){ if(headPtr == NULL) return NULL; // if there is only one node(the first and last node is same), then return headPtr (last node) if(headPtr->next == NULL) return headPtr; Node *pre = headPtr; Node *current = headPtr->next; while(current != NULL){ if(current->data == d) return pre; pre = current; current = current->next; } return pre; // returning last node }.

Implement the findPre function of the LinkedList class .Node Lin.pdf

shahidqamar17

Identify the main issues in Urban Transport Planning in Africa. What can Governments do to effectively resolve those issues Solution Urban Transport Planning is one of the crucial issues in Africa, because of rapid growth in urbanization. According to a study conducted jointly by Africa-European Union (EU) partnership, a takeoff in urbanization is to take place in Africa, where around 50% of the total population in Africa will move to urban areas by 2025 with rapid growth in secondary cities. The main challenges in Urban Transport Planning in Africa are: 1. The current condition reveals that, except few capital cities, most of the urban areas are with poor urban planning. 2. People have not realized the importance of paratransit services, the current paratransit services are fragmented and private owned, with very poor quality of service. 3. Another issue in Urban Africa is that of poor road safety and poor design of urban roads. In Africa, the urban roads are 7% of total urban area. Where as in Europe, it is 30% and it is 20% in Latin America. 4. The governance of urban transport in Africa is very challenging. The institutional framework and the planning is very weak in Urban Africa. There is no coherence between planning and budgeting. Some of the ways to tackle this issues are: 1. Strengthening the institutional framework and governance on urban transports. 2. Increasing the investments in urban transport sector, by making public private partnership (PPP) design. 3. Implementing effective policies at city level 4. Looking for financial cooperation from various NGOs and international bodies to improve the infrastructure 5. Issuing proper guidelines for the public regarding the urban transport facilities and spread awareness among people about using public transport instead of individual modes 6. Seeking technical and financial assistance from developing countries, which might have faced same kind of issues in the past. 7. Usage of energy efficient and fuel efficient vehicles for being environmental friendly and for sustainable development. Through the above mentioned ways the governments can effectively resolve the issues in Urban Transport in Africa..

Identify the main issues in Urban Transport Planning in Africa. What.pdf

shahidqamar17

Hwk due June 5th e June 5th Help I Grace Period: 14 days left | Register Now On June 1, 2017, Vaughn Manufacturing was started with an initial in in the company of $22.410 cash, Here are the assets, labilities, and common stock company at June 30, 2017, and the revenues and expenses for the month of June, its first month of operations: Cash Accounts recelvable Service revenue Supplies Advertising expense Equipment $5,420 4,470 8,320 2,320 400 26,820 22,410 $13,640 Accounts payable Supplies expense Maintenance and repairs expense Utilities expense Salaries and wages expense 1,080 220 In June, the company issued no additional stock but paid dividends of $1,710. (a1) Prepare an income s for the month of June. Show all 7:50 PM Solution.

Hwk due June 5th e June 5th Help I Grace Period 14 days left Regis.pdf

shahidqamar17

How many parties are needed to create an estate? A trust? Identify the titles and responsibilities traditionally given to each party. What are the steps in determining the accounting and taxable income of a trust and an estate and the related taxable income of beneficiaries? Solution A trust / estate can be created by one person or many person Titles and responsibility given to parties 1) Settlor Owner of property The settlor has the responsibility of determining who will benefit from the assets settlor choose a specifically mentioned person or group of people for benefit of income arising from trust 2) Trustee I) The trustee is a person specifically named by the settlor to care for and expand the assets of the trust Ii) The trustee has the right to do whatever is necessary with the assets to grow the trust. iii) The trustee must act prudently with the trust funds. If the trustee does not act prudently and money is lost, it is the trustee who must pay the trust back 3)Beneficiaries I) They receive payments from the trust and make necessary tax adjustments resulting from the payments. Ii) The beneficiaries audit the trust annually to verify that the trustee is being responsible with the funds Steps to determine accounting and taxable income of trust and beneficiary 1) Find out gross income of trust ( income derived from all heads of income) 2) Deduct the genuine and allowable expense from such income 3) it will give taxable income before deduction 4) Deduction allowable 5) it will give taxable income 6) Calculate tax as per applicable tax rate 7) it will give total tax liability In hands of beneficiary 1) calculate capital gain on distribution of asset made by trust 2) calculate income distributed by trust which is taxable in hands of beneficiary 3) calculate tax asper appicable rate...

How many parties are needed to create an estate A trust Identify t.pdf

shahidqamar17

Form 1023 Checklist does NOT include _________A. Employer Identification Number (EIN)., B. All Schedules A to H, C. User fee payment placed in an envelope on top of the checklist, D. Signature of an officer, director, trustee, or other official who is authorized to sign the application. Solution Correct ansswer is B. All Schedules A to H. Form 1023 checklist requires the assessee to submit only the schedules that apply to the taxpayer. The tax payer has to mention yes or no against the schedule no. mentioned in the checklist..

Form 1023 Checklist does NOT include _________A. Employer Identifica.pdf

shahidqamar17

how important is Conscientiousness to an accounting career? please explain in detail Solution conscientiousness is the personality trait most often correlated with job performance. Conscientious people tend to be super organized, responsible, and plan ahead. They work hard in the face of challenges and can control their impulses. Highly conscientious employees do a series of things better than the rest of us,\" says University of Illinois psychologist Brent Roberts, who studies conscientiousness. To start, they\'re better at goals: setting them, working toward them, and persisting amid setbacks. If a super ambitious goal can\'t be realized, they\'ll switch to a more attainable one rather than getting discouraged and giving up. As a result, they tend to achieve goals that are consistent with what employers want..

how important is Conscientiousness to an accounting career please e.pdf

shahidqamar17

More from shahidqamar17 (20)