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Judaism full
- 1. JudaismJudaism What connects Judaism with Christianity andWhat connects Judaism with Christianity and islam?islam?
- 2. Monotheism •Judaism •Christianity •Islam • Both Christianity and Islam find their roots in Judaism • Both use texts from Judaism •Islam - People of God continues with Ismael, not Isaac. •Christianity - Continuation of Judaism through the Messiah, Jesus Christ.
- 3. Quick History •Creation - 2000BCE •Exodus - 1250 BCE •David’s Kingdom - 1,000 BCE •Solomon’s Temple - 950 BC •Assyrian Exile - North - 721 BCE •Babylonian Exile - South - 586 BCE •Second Temple - 515 BCE •Roman control - 63 BCE •Destruction of Second Temple - 70 CE •Holocaust - 1937-1945 •Jewish State - 1948
- 4. Hebrew Bible • TaNaK • Torah - Law • Pentateuch - Greek • Nevi’im - Prophets • Ketuvim - Writings
- 5. torah • Authored by Moses • Genesis - Early stories • Exodus - Escaping Egypt • Leviticus - Law • Numbers - Census • Deuteronomy - Wilderness
- 6. Torah •Creation story •Early Hebrew (Jewish) history •Patriarchs • Abraham • Isaac • Jacob •Decalogue - 10 Commandments •Law and Covenant •Promised Land
- 7. Nevi’im •Prophets • Mediate between God and His people • Speak on behalf of God to His people •Revolve around Babylonian and Assyrian Exiles •Includes: • Isaiah • Jeremiah • Ezekial • Jonah • Hosea • Amos • Etc.
- 8. Ketuvim •Writings • History • Wisdom •Includes • Psalms • Proverbs • Song of Solomon • Ruth • Esther • Job
- 9. Oral Torah •Passed down from generation to generation • Through biblical figures, “men of the great assembly,” to us •Mishnah - first document of oral Torah • Midrash - commentary of the Mishnah • Talmud - commentary of the Midrash • Talmud of Israel • Talmud of Babylon
- 10. High Holy Days • Yom Kippur - Day of Atonement (Day of Awe) • Day of sacrifice**, prayer, fasting, and repentance • Communal and Personal • Rash Hashanah - Jewish New Year
- 11. Festivals •Seder - Passover • Spirit of death passed over Hebrew People in Egypt •Hanukkah - Dedication of Second Temple • Winter celebration • Oil burned in temple for 8 days! •Sabbath • Day of rest, study, gathering, prayer and study at synagogue
- 12. Festivals • Feast of Tabernacles (Booths) • Remembrance of dwelling in wilderness • Eating and sleeping in temporary shelter (booth) • Kosher - dietary law • Focus on being separate or holy • Holy as “set apart”
- 13. Orthodox •Orthodox - “right doctrine” •Literal truth of theTorah •Keeping laws •Diverse - segregationists, integrationist, Hasidic, non-Hasidic, Yeshiva. •13% of Jews in U.S.
- 14. Orthodox Continued •Hasidic - Revolves around tsaddiq (righteous) •Yeshiva - Focus on study of Talmud of Babylonia (Torah) •Strict in rules - men and women separate, observance, dress, laws.
- 15. Reform •34% of U.S. Jews •Focus on ethics. “Seek justice, love mercy, walk humbly with God.” •Torah was written for a specific group of people and has special relevance for us. •Integrationists - God’s laws, diet and dress are for a people of the past. Instead, look forward to messianic promise.
- 16. Conservative •26% of U.S. Jews •Began in Germany, 18th century •Reform lay people - Orthodox Rabbis •More equality or men and women, music in services, scriptures read in other languages.
- 17. Reconstructionists •2% of Jews in U.S. •Sees everything in Torah as symbolic rather than literal •God as “the power that makes for salvation.” •Yahweh, laws, prophets, angels, etc.