Ms.Blattberg's Biology Class: Circulatory System Project

1. Heart:The Circulatory
System
By LuXuan Li, Sharon Chan, Soojin Jang

2. Aim: What are the functions and
parts of the circulatory system?
Do Now: Do the word search.

3. Key Ideas
1. The circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients, and
other substances throughout the body and removes wastes
from tissues.
2.Powerful contractions of the myocardium pump blood
through the circulatory system.
3.As blood flows through the circulatory system, it moves
through three types of blood vessels-arteries, capillaries, and
veins.

4. The Function of the Circulatory System
The circulatory system transport oxygen, nutrients,
and other substances throughout the body, and
removes wastes from tissues.

5. Vocabulary:
1-Myocardium: a muscle layer
sandwiched by two thin layers
of epithelial and connective
tissue in the walls of the heart

6. 2-Atrium: upper chambers(left
and right) of the heart that
receives blood from the body
3-Ventricle: lower chambers(left
and right) of the heart that
pumps blood out of heart

7. 4-Valves: flaps of connective
tissues that located between the
atria and ventricles to prevent
blood
from flowing backwards when
being transported throughout tge
heart.
There are four valves in a heart:
-Pulmonary Valve
-Tricuspid Valve
-Aortic Valve

8. 5-Pulmonary Circulation: a
process through which the
oxygen poor blood from the right
side of the heart pumps to the
lung, where carbon dioxide
diffused and oxygen is absorbed
in the blood, flowed to the left
side of the heart

9. 6-Systemic Circulation: a process
through which the left side of the
heart pumps oxygen rich blood
to the rest of the body, cells
absorbed the oxygen and the
oxygen poor blood returns to the
right side of the heart

10. 7-Pace Maker: the sinoatrial node, or
“SA node” that sets the pace for the
heart
8- Septum: A thin wall that separates the
right and left side of heart to prevent
oxygen rich blood from mixing with
oxygen poor blood

11. 9-Arteries: large vessels that carry blood
from the heart to the tissues of the body
10-Capillaries: smallest blood vessels that
allow oxygen and nutrients to diffuse from
blood into tissues and carbon dioxide and
wastes move from tissue into blood
11-Veins: vessels that carry blood back to
the heart

12. Cardiovascular Diseases
Atheroclerosis
Atheroclerosis is a condition when plaque builds up in the arteries. Plaque is made up
of fat, cholesterol, calcium and other substances found in blood. Overtime the plaque
will cause the arteries to harden as well as narrow. As a result, the blood flow inside
the vessels will be limited. Atheroclerosis is rather common and often is the starting
point to more serious diseases such as stroke and heart attack.
Symptoms:
- Chest pain (Agina)
-Pain in calls
-Numbness

13. Coranary Artery Disease
The coronary arteries transport blood and oxygen to the heart and the
rest of the body. When coronary artery disease occurs, plaque builds
up in those arteries. If the plaque ruptures, it will result in blood clot
which can completely cut off the blood flow inside the artery. When
oxygen rich blood stops flowing the heart and the heart can't restore
it fast enough, it slowly begins to die. This process is known as heart
attack. CHD can also cause heart failure and arrthymias.
Syptoms:
-Agina
-Shortness of breath

14. Cerebrovascular Disease
Cerebrovascular disease affects the two kinds of arteries that transport blood
to your brain. They are known as the carotid and vetebral arteries. When
either of these arteries are clotted, blood floe suddenly stops reaching your
brain and can cause fatal problems. For example, transient ischamic attack
(TIA) occurs when there is a temporary fall in the brain's blood supply and
therefore results in lack of oxygen to the brain. Tia often happens before a
stroke which is another state of cerebrovascular disease.
Syptoms:
-Paralysis
-Difficulty speaking
-Numbness

15. Treatments
Angioplasty- a surgical process in which a stent (a small mesh
tube) is inserted into an artery to prevent it from closing up
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)- a surgical procedure
in which arteries and veins from other part of the body are
used to bypass (go around) the narrowed coranary arteries
Coratid Endartrectemy- removal of the plaque in carotid
arteries