Energy Efficiency in Data Center

1. Energy Efficiency in Data Center

2. Data Center Energy Efficiency
Overview of a Data Center

3. Data Center Energy Efficiency
Overview of a Data Center
COOLING
Data
Center

4. Data Center Energy Efficiency
Metrics
• Power Density
o Typical range for data center design 40 to
100 W/sq ft.
o May cause confusion since we really want to
measure where the power is delivered and
where cooling is required.
• PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness)
o PUE = Total Facility Power / IT Equipment
Power
o Average PUE = 2.0; PUE as low as 1.1 has
been achieved.
• DCIE (Data Center Infrastructure
Efficiency)
o 1 / PUE = IT Equipment Power / Total Facility
Power
o Typical DCIE < 0.5
• It usually takes roughly as much electricity to cool servers as to power them.
• Cooling can be a major player in PUE measurement. The combination of the chiller, humidifier
and CRAC consumes 45% of the total energy coming into the facility.

5. Data Center Energy Efficiency
Overview of a Data Center
Foothill/De Anza Prineville
70 F
Cooling

6. Data Center Energy Efficiency
Overview of a Data Center
Foothill/De Anza Prineville
PDU
Prineville designed no need for PDU

7. Data Center Energy Efficiency
Overview of a Data Center
Foothill/De Anza Prineville
UPS

8. 85 F-105 F
75 F – 80 F
Aisle Separation and
Containment
Data Center Energy Efficiency
COOLING

9. Free Cooling
• Lower the air temperature in data center by using
naturally cool air or water instead of mechanical
refrigeration
• Reduce use of CRAC systems
• Types
o Air-side free cooling
o Water-side free cooling
• Best Practice:
o Facebook Prineville Data Center
Facebook Prineville Data Center Energy Efficiency Tour
http://vimeo.com/31464226
o Facebook Joins the Arctic Crowd
Data Center Energy Efficiency
COOLING

10. Case for DC power
• Every power conversion (AC-DC, DC-
AC, AC-AC) loses some energy and
creates heat
• “One way to reduce the number of
times power needs to be converted is
by utilizing a DC power distribution”
• 30% improvement is possible
Source: “Data Center Building Energy Programming
Guide”, by US Dept of Energy
http://www.eere.energy.gov/
Data Center Energy Efficiency
DC POWER

11. Physics of Energy
Data Center Energy Efficiency
DC POWER
100%
80%
20%
Data Center Energy Efficiency
DC POWER
Nothing changes when NO energy is exchanged
Energy is EXCHANGED when anything changes
Electrical Power In
Electrical
Power
Out
Mostly
Heat

12. Transformer
DC POWER
Data Center Energy Efficiency
Faraday’s law of induction:
A changing magnetic field creates an electric force.

13. Case Study: Prineville Data Center
contd.
“Open compute” servers are
38% more power efficient
DC POWER
Data Center Energy Efficiency

14. Virtualization
• Yesterday
– History of the Data Center
– Legacy Data Center
• Today
– Virtualization Overview
– Dynamic Data Center
• Tomorrow
– Future of Virtualization … to the Clouds
• Best Practices
– Case Study: De Anza Foothill
VIRTUALIZATION
Data Center Energy Efficiency

15. Data Center
3.0
Data Center 1.0 Data Center 2.0
2010
2000
1990
1980
1970
1960
Web
Client Server
Virtualization
Mainframe
Minicomputer
The Evolution Of Computing Architecture
From Mainframe to Today
VIRTUALIZATION
Data Center Energy Efficiency