Sameer Mitter explains the difference between technology and Information technology and science. These are three important pillars for a successful life.

1. Presented By: Sameer Mitter

2. What Is Technology?
Definition
The technical means people use to improve their
surroundings.
Technology is people using knowledge, tools, and
systems to make their lives easier.
Benefits of Technology

3. Science and Technology
Science vs. Technology
Is technology an “applied science”?
Theories of Science
Theories of Technology

4. Technology throughout History
The Stone Age
The Bronze Age
The Iron Age
The Industrial Revolution
The 20th
Century

5. Technological Systems
Definition – This word is interchangeable with
“system”
Three parts:
Inputs
Processes
Outputs
Feedback

6. Inputs – The Resources Used by
the System
There are six major inputs used by a technological
system:
People
Natural Resources (materials)
Capital (tools and machines)
Finance (money)
Knowledge (information)
Energy

7. Processes – The actions taken to
use Inputs
Two major types of processes:
Production Processes
Management Processes
These two processes are united. They work together
to get desired outputs.

8. Outputs – The result of the
System
Two types of outputs
System output
 Ex. Manufactured product, constructed work, communicated
message.
Other output
 Ex. Scrap and waste, pollution

9. Goals of Technology
Two Primary goals for any business to be successful:
To meet human needs
Profit

10. Types of Technological Systems
Manufacturing Systems
Construction Systems
Communication Systems
Transportation Systems

11. The Design Process

12. The Problem
1. May have to invent a solution to a problem
2.May have to change an existing design

13. Investigation
FUNCTION: Must solve the problem described in the
design brief. “What exactly is the use of the article?”
APPEARANCE: Shape, color, and texture should make the
object attractive.
MATERIALS: Availability? Cost? Physical Properties
(strength, rigidity, color, durability)
CONSTRUCTION: Hard to make?
SAFETY: The object must be safe, should not cause
accidents

14. Developing Alternative
Solutions
Write or draw every idea on paper as it comes to you
The more ideas you have, the more likely you are to
end up with a good solution

15. Choosing a Solution
Your own skills
The materials available
Time needed to build each solution
Cost of each solution

16. Detailed Drawing
Overall dimensions
Detailed dimensions
Material to be used
How it will be made
What finish it will require

17. Models and Prototypes
Model is a full-size or small-scale simulation of an
object
Prototype is the first working version of the designer’s
solution

18. Testing and Evaluating
Does it work?
Does it meet the design brief?
Will modifications improve the solution?

19. Manufacturing
How many to make?
Medical equipment produced in hundreds, nuts and
bolts produced in millions

20. What is Technology?

21. What Counts as Technology?
Objects
Knowledge
Activities
A Process
Sociotechnical System

22. Technology is Related to
Science
Purpose of technology:
change in the material
environment
Purpose of science:
understanding of nature.

23. Technology Involves Design
Design is the center of
technology
Design process: begins
with perception of a need,
continues with formulation
of a specification, and ends
with an evaluation of the
solution.

24. Technology Involves Making
Motivating factor: desire to fulfill a need.
All designs should be made or realized.
If the need is to be fulfilled, the design is to
be evaluated, and the design activity is to
have been purposeful and worthwhile.

25. Technology is Multi-Dimensional
Technology is performing a multitude
of functions
Examples: working with others,
operating within budgets, persuading
decision makers, communicating to
clients and working to deadlines.

26. Technology is concerned with Values
Value decisions may be called for not
only in relation to the specific design
criteria, but also in relation to the
rightness or wrongness of a particular
solution in ethical terms.

27. Technology is Socially Shaped
Determined by social interests.
Technology is shaped by society, by
consumer choice.
Technology can shape society. For example,
the technology of the motor car has shaped
our environment and our whole way of life.

28. Technology and Science,
go way back…
The word science is derived from the Latin word scientia, which simply
means knowledge, and the German word wisenschaft, which means
systematic, organized knowledge. (Why?)
The word technology is derived from the Greek words, techne and logos,
which means art or craft. (How?)
Science has a relatively recent history – perhaps four centuries, whereas
technology has a much longer history, a history as long as humanity.

29. How Technology and Science are
related…
TechnologyTechnology ScienceScience
Goal:Goal: the creation of artifacts and systems tothe creation of artifacts and systems to
meet people's needsmeet people's needs
Goal:Goal: the pursuit of knowledge andthe pursuit of knowledge and
understanding for its own sakeunderstanding for its own sake
Design, invention, productionDesign, invention, production Discovery (controlled by experimentation)Discovery (controlled by experimentation)
Analysis and synthesis of designAnalysis and synthesis of design Analysis, generalization and creation ofAnalysis, generalization and creation of
theoriestheories
The search for and theorizing about newThe search for and theorizing about new
processes (e.g. control; information)processes (e.g. control; information)
The search for and theorizing about causeThe search for and theorizing about cause
(e.g. gravity; electromagnetism)(e.g. gravity; electromagnetism)
Taking good decisions based on incompleteTaking good decisions based on incomplete
data and approximate modelsdata and approximate models
Drawing correct conclusions based on goodDrawing correct conclusions based on good
theories and accurate datatheories and accurate data
Design, construction, testing, planning,Design, construction, testing, planning,
quality assurance, problem solving,quality assurance, problem solving,
decision making, interpersonal anddecision making, interpersonal and
communication skillscommunication skills
Experimental and logical skillsExperimental and logical skills

30. Relationship between science andRelationship between science and
technologytechnology
Applied
science
Technology Science

31. Applications related to science and
technology
Electronic devices: Invention of radio
- Science: sound, wave, and optics
- Technology: assembly of speaker, electric circuits,
and antenna.
Health Services: From use of remedies to proper medications
- Science: Physiology of human body
- Technology: combination of various salts.