Police Ethics & Internal Investigations

The Ethics Of The Police Agency Essay
Police agencies have been traumatized with allegations of corruption and misconduct almost since
the inception of law enforcement. In most organizations, an employee investigation is a sensitive
issue. The employee being investigated can become unsettled, many times mentally and emotionally
exhausted. Employees directly and indirectly involved can also become emotionally drained.
Consider the impact an internal affairs investigation has within a police agency as it struggles to
maintain the confidence and respect of the public it serves. The internal affairs process used to
investigate complaints can affect the overall morale of the agency and greatly affect the value
system and ethics of the police agency itself. Every chief of police must grapple with the dilemma of
either exposing misconduct under his leadership or ignoring symptoms of misconduct that may not
be otherwise revealed. The proactive approach to police misconduct is not only the appropriate
approach, it is the ethical choice. To ignore misconduct is to condone it. Regardless of the number of
complaints a police agency receives, whether one or one hundred, the internal affairs process is a
very important function for checking the integrity and professionalism of the agency. Misconduct
committed by a police officer affects not only himself, it affects the entire police agency and the
community it serves. Police officer misconduct is also far reaching in that it will affect other police
agencies and
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School Bill Research Paper
Be it Enacted by the Student Congress of Northwood Middle School that schools should increase
more activities in schools that appreciates, stimulates, and enhance the creativity in students.
This bill is necessary because schools have remained unchanged since many generations past,
despite how people in the present doesn't think the ways that were taught in the past applies the
same way to now. In a conversation with Ken Robinson, he had quoted that, "You know, for my
generation–I was born in 1950–we were told that if you worked hard, went to college, and got a
regular academic degree, you'd be set for life. Well, nobody thinks that's true anymore, and yet we
keep running our school systems as though it were. So many people have degrees now ... Show
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The world is rapidly changing, natural resources are decreasing, technology is expanding, it's all
greatly different from what it was like in the past. The world is becoming more unpredictable, the
problems that are transpiring today is completely different from what've happened in the past; and it
would need a whole lot of innovation to deal with such problems in our future. Now, the specific
requirements of this bill are to bring changes to the school's syllabus, reducing the use of lectures
and simply marking incorrect answers as wrong and left be, and instead intrigue students with
participation and interaction, and require the education in various arts to be just as important as
education of mathematics, languages, and humanities. According to a new study, undergraduate
students in classes that shares the traditional method of lectures is 1.5 times more likely to fail in
classes compared to ones that include interactions and involvement. To look into that information
even more, rendering from Freeman's study of under graduate STEM teaching methods, it has

Terrorism Is Motivated By Fear
Humanity is motivated by fear. Through its unpredictably and the trauma of its aftermath, terrorism
is the ultimate threat to a nation's sense of security. It has the capacity to alter a nation's psyche, to
cause leaders to create and enforce a nation's strictest laws, and to spawn debates over the measures
needed to ensure peace. Governments frequently devise legislation to prevent terrorism, yet the
question always remains: should citizens' rights and freedoms be compromised to fight terrorism,
and, if so, to what extent? Both India and Canada have created legislation to prevent terrorist
attacks. Critiquing these laws allows a glimpse into the complexities and ramifications of
combatting terrorism, as well as the efforts of nations to eradicate fear.
Beginning as a tactic to counteract the effects of the French Revolution, terrorism has evolved into
the "unofficial or unauthorized use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims"
(OED). What distinguishes terrorism from other forms of political violence is that it is specifically
aimed at eliciting a reaction from the government through psychologically affecting the public.
Oftentimes, nations attempt to minimize terrorism by increasing the degree of power held by the
governing institutions. However, democratic societies must retain the freedom to criticize and hold
the government accountable. The government should not enhance its authority for the sake of
arbitrary control but should use its power in

The Effects Of Digital Surveillance On The United States...
In this new informational era, digital technology has developed to the point where we can both
receive and send information in an instant. The internet allows its users to do incredible things, from
receiving instant information to tracking someone using only their phone. With the development of
newer, more modern technology, the government has begun to find new ways to track criminals,
follow our every move, and, subsequently, keep the peace. However, in doing this, Americans
relinquish the privacy within their hand held, pocket devices. A complex web of opinions surround
the controversial topic of accessibility regarding personal technology. Ultimately, how should digital
surveillance in the United States of America be implemented?
Problem Statement To begin, digital surveillance is defined as the act of tracking and monitoring
groups of people through technological means. This practice can be through cellphones, video
cameras, or social media; in the age of accessible, high–speed internet, tracking people has become
significantly easier. With social media a user can use pictures and geotags–a tag of your location,
whether it be of a specific nearby event or your exact location–to find out crucial information such
as who you are and where you live. By simple design, pieces of technology all have back doors, also
known as ways to access their files and storage through programmed loopholes in their coding.
Individuals with the knowledge to utilize

Diane Savino
end–of–war celebration to that of the 2015 Supreme Court ruling that legalized same–sex marriage.
The cartoon is not so much a protest, but a commemoration of the goals achieved by the gay rights
movement (that is not to say that protests are not continuing). The author most heavily expresses his
idea through his craft decisions–the focal point being the author's choice to compare the Court ruling
to the ending of World War Ⅱ. The choice to use an iconic photograph that many readers will
recognize helps the reader to easily understand what he is trying to say. Additionally, the comparison
of the two events demonstrates to the reader how monumental the Supreme Court ruling was, since
many Americans know the importance of the end of the war. ... Show more content on
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Civil disobedience is a type of protest; it occurs when a person breaks a law peacefully that it
perceived to be unfair. These acts of defiance play a large role in a democratic society. More
specifically, protests fight against the acts of a democracy that are not democratic at all. They work
to impact others and move them towards change, and a lot of times, they do. LGBT rights and
same–sex marriage protests help to gain liberties for the LGBT community (personal freedom).
These resources are various forms of protest for the community's improved rights, and they do so in
their own ways. "LGBT oppression" focuses on informing readers, as demonstrated by the fact–
based arguments of Miller and Watson. All other sources focus on protesting, and evidence of such
is seen in the provocative and moving plays on emotion, as well as strong arguments supported by
reasoning. Protests play a very large part in a democratic society. They aim to cause change in some
fashion, particularly in areas of the nation that are oppressed or unequal in any way. Protests aimed
at causing positive social change have been proved successful all throughout history, and Elizabeth
Cady Stanton, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., William Lloyd Garrison, and Nelson Mandela emulate
this. Protests come in many shapes and formats, but at the center, they all have the same goal:
leveling the playing field for every American and making sure

Academic Freedom In Public Colleges
Academic freedom has been at the forefront of debate when dealing with Free Speech on public
colleges campuses. Through a series of cases, the Supreme Court has ruled on numerous cases
recognizing student and faculty rights to academic freedom (354 U.S. 234). In a series of cases the
Court has acknowledge Tinker as applying to both public schools as well as public colleges, as well
as defining academic freedom and a recognizing student and faculty rights to free expression of
ideas, teachings, and other writing pertaining to scholarship and ideals (385 U.S. 589) (408 U.S.
169). Though broad, the Court has laid the ground work to student free speech rights pertaining to
the First Amendment. A. SWEEZY V. NEW HAMPSHIRE (1957) The case centers ... Show more
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First, in Sweezy, the Court iterated that state concerns about the subversive intent of an individual
does not trump the Bill of Rights, there is a vital need for academic freedom in higher education,
and providing four freedoms provided by Justice Frankfurter in order to retain an environment
within public colleges and universities for discovery and free inquiry: who may teach, what
academics may be taught, how they are taught, and who may study (354 U.S. 234). In Keyishian,
the Court found regulations felt to be vague and with an adverse chilling effect on student speech to
be unconstitutional, reiterating the need for discovery and free inquiry while also defining academic
freedom as: "a special concern of the First Amendment which does not tolerate laws that cast a pall
of orthodoxy over the classroom" (385 U.S. 603). Within Healy, the Court recognized that Tinker
pertains just as much to Public universities as it does public schools. This is momentous as Tinker
ushered in student free speech able to be regulated only when the speech has the potential to cause a
disruption or interference towards class learning and events. The Supreme Court in Healy also was
able to draw the line between advocacy, which is protected speech, and action which is not (408
U.S. 169). Overall, these cases bring forth standards and

Outliers Short Story Of Success Essay
A wise student will make more opportunities than he finds, and practiced as much they can. Some
students are going to school only want to finish the academic work, and set up their own company. I
have a entrepreneurship friend owns more than 5 successful online stores, her main point is buying
goods from United State and mailing back to China. In the last five years, There are massive
adulterated foods and goods has been uncovered in China that involved making fake–brander milk
powder using recycled virulent powder and industrial– grade salt harmful to human health. My
friend was a international high school student will a legal citizenship of the United State, she found
that compared to Chinese foods and goods, her friends and family are likely ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
She had experienced more than three years entrepreneurship, and finally set up her own stores
became the most creditworthy online stores in China. She caught the business opportunity between
Chinese goods and American. Nonetheless, her experience didn't make her quite the academic work,
she started to began business major in New York University. In the book of Outliers: the story of
success, Malcolm Gladwell writes "Success is not a random act. It arises out of a predictable and
powerful set of circumstances and opportunities" (155). This shows that he believes that success can
come from hard work, or the chance in the right place at the right time. He doesn't believe that
success is entirely based on one person's abilities or intelligent, but on how they use the
opportunities they were given. For example, Bill Joy first opportunity is borned in a wealthy family.
The second one is he had enormous opportunities to use the computers, that many other poor kids
did not have. The third one is he found a job where he gained experience to make his own company
with a small group that became

The Importance Of Bill Of Rights In Australia
A Bill of Rights would educate Australians about human rights, in turn promoting a culture of
tolerance, understanding and respect for human rights (State Library of NSW 2005, p.9). Kirby
(1995, p. 281) asserts there is a distinct lack of awareness amongst school children about human
rights; therefore a Bill of Rights will educate citizens about the fundamentals of the rights of an
Australian, in turn contributing to the national identity. A Bill of Rights would encourage and foster
"the growth of Australian culture of rights protection" (Williams 2001, p. 791). McGarrity (2009, p.
14) argues that human rights discourses have become the province of academics and politicians, so
educating the public will allow the Australian community, with its diverse, multicultural ... Show
There have been numerous documented instances of the previously discussed minority groups such
as Aboriginal people and refugees having problems with, or having been unfairly treated when
dealing with government departments and agencies when attempting to access services such as
welfare, mental health, disability, and legal, preventing them from enjoying their rights (Carrick
2010, p. 84). Therefore, there is also an argument that a human rights cultural shift and associated
educational process will also extend to government departments and agencies that provide such
services, by enshrining human rights in their customer charters.
A human rights impact statement will also be fostered in the executive branch of government
requiring any proposed new legislation to outline any impact or bearing on human rights (Barry &
Campbell 2011, p. 80). Barry & Campbell (2011, p. 81) state the "quality of legislation passed by
Parliament, promote a stronger human rights culture within the executive branch, bring to light
human rights abuses affecting minority groups, and create greater public awareness of human rights

How Does Bill C-51 Violate Human Rights
This book addresses the possibility of losing the right to voice opinions as being a scholar that shall
compromise the academic freedom on University and College campuses due to the implementation
of this Act. It helped me further understand Bill C–51 and give me a detailed insight as to how it
will personally affect both; my peers and myself. This book talks about the horrendous experience
of an innocent Syrian–born Canadian citizen, Maher Arar who was detained and tortured under the
anti–terrorism act. This book will further strengthen my stance as to why this bill is not mandatory
or efficient in today's globalized society.
The article explains the pros and cons of the exertion of Bill C–51, which will help to acquire a
wider perspective ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It will assist in determining whether I am for or against the bill as it reveals the impacts it might
have on certain issues that I care about as a Canadian and World citizen
This article highlights the main differences and similarities between bill C–51 and the US patriot act
and how it effects the respective countries. It will aid in accomplishing a comparison between the
two for my research paper.
In this article, the author highlights the ways in which the bill violates human rights of Canadian
citizens in detail. The information provided, is essential for my research paper as I am going to be
arguing against this act.
In this article the author gives us a sense of the disturbances caused by the US patriot act regarding
racial profiling and discrimination. It will help me compare it with the Canadian terrorism act for
my research paper and better understand its social effects on the society regarding sensitive issues;
race, gender, culture.
This newspaper article informs the reader about the reasoning behind the implementation of bill C–
51 and why it is essential for preventing acts of terrorisms. It will contribute towards my research
paper with reference to better explaining the bill and its

Constitution Timeline
Constitution Timeline!
There are five particular documents that led to the development and the signing of the United States
Constitution. They are the Magna Carta, the Mayflower Compact, the Declaration of Independence,
the Articles of Confederation and the Federalists Papers. This paper will be discussing these
documents and be stating if and how they impacted the United States constitution. Then it will be
stating when the Unites States Constitution was finalized and passed and signed. Then there will be
a summary of these in the conclusion of this paper.
The Magna Carta is a document that was developed in the year 1215. This document gave people
the right to have a habeas corpus. The Magna Carta was used in the development of the ... Show
For sure 14 of them were written by Madison and 5 were written be Jay. The other 15 were not clear
on who wrote them. All but 8 of the Federalist papers were first printed in New York newspapers. It
is the belief of Cooke (1971) that the Federalist papers had very little impact in the United States
Constitution. So then the work towards the actual United States Constitution was started in the
spring of 1787 with debates made between the Virginia plan and the New Jersey plan. Some of the
debates discussed were Slavery, Ratification, Farmers Goals, Protecting Liberty, the Bill of Rights,
the Powers of the three forms of government, more power for the people and less for the
government. The United States Constitution as finally passed and signed in the summer of 1787 in
the east room of the old Pennsylvania state house (Patterson, T.E., 2009).
There were five documents that led to the development of the United States Constitution. These
documents were the Magna Carta, the Mayflower Compact, the Declaration of Independence, the
articles of the Confederation and the Federalist papers. This paper has discussed all of these
documents in detail. Then it discussed the parts of the Constitution and ended with where and when
the United States Constitution was passed and was in effect. These were all import things that
happened to make the United States Constitution make the United States of America the strong
country it is today.
References

Parliamentary Sovereignty Essay
Is the orthodox view of parliamentary sovereignty still relevant in the modern British constitution?
Why (not)?
1. The orthodox view of parliamentary sovereignty
To define parliamentary sovereignty does not seem too complicated when it is assessed in isolation.
Only in connection with other constitutional principles difficult tensions arise. The orthodox view of
parliamentary sovereignty is simply that only parliament has the right to make or unmake law and
that no other institution can challenge that right. This also includes the rule that parliament cannot
bind its successors. Parliament can follow its own procedural rules as it wishes and court cannot
examine the procedure by which legislation has been passed (enrolled bill rule). ... Show more
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A majority of judges even said obiter that Parliament could not extend its lifetime beyond five years,
even if the 1911 Act was to be expressly repealed and the extension bill then passed. That leads to
the question if there are basic constitutional rules that parliament simply cannot change. Lord Steyn
and Lord Woolf held that the courts might have to revisit the principle of parliamentary sovereignty,
if Parliament sought 'to abolish judicial review of flagrant abuse of power by government or even
the role of the ordinary courts in standing between the executive and citizens'. In such an event, the
court might have to 'qualify' the supremacy of Parliament, 'a principle established on a different
hypothesis of constitutionalism'.
3. EC Act 1972
The biggest challenge for parliamentary sovereignty clearly comes from the implications of the
1972 EC Act. Section 2 of the EC Act obliges the UK courts to give effect to Union law. That does
not mean that the British courts have the power to strike down legislation but they have the power to
set aside British law in a particular case and apply Union law instead. Tensions arose in the past in a
number of cases in which Westminster legislated against Union law. Good examples of it are the
Factortame cases in which Parliament finally had to accept the supremacy of EU (then EC) law.
However, the question of whether the traditional rule that no parliament can bind its successors is
still valid was not expressly answered

Intellectual Diversity Essay
Giancarlo G. Centeno
Period 1, Mr. Bane
November 6, 2012
Diversity Essay
The Best of Both Worlds
Have you ever really stopped to think about diversity? The typical individual usually thinks of
different skin colors or the different backgrounds everyone has. By definition diversity is the
condition of being different. The term 'diversity' encompasses a broad scope. There are many realms
to diversity such as economic, cultural, and gender. However a type of diversity that has been
growing in buzzword in recent years, especially among the conservative communities of college
campuses, is intellectual diversity. Intellectual diversity, along with 'academic freedom' is what
activists like David Horowitz characterize as being the equal ... Show more content on
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Case after case of liberal activism and indoctrination has been publicized by conservative activists.
This is because activists like David Horowitz have realized the effects of a liberal atmosphere, and
biased teachers. In "Schools of Reeducation", Frederick M. Hess touches on the topic of a young
college student of Washington State, Ed Swan, a conservative Christian father of four that was
flunked with the explanation that he "revealed opinions that have caused me great concern in the
areas of race, gender, sexual orientation and privilege." In David Horowitz's "In Defense of
Intellectual Diversity" students from the University of Denver and Duke are described as having to
deal with seeing partisan propaganda posted on doors and hallways as well as joking warnings from
teachers that say that any Republicans should drop his course because of his strong "liberal"
opinions. Because of these and many other displays of liberal dominance in college campuses,
conservatives are starting to take a stand, Mr. Horowitz for example wrote the "Academic Bill of
Rights". The way conservatives are placed in such hostile environments is not fair, just, or virtuous,
it is impartial and nonpartisan. The government must be extremely scrupulous in the ways they deal
with intellectual diversity and the laws they implement because it could have negative impacts on
the professors and administrators of colleges and

A Sad and Cruel Industry: Human Trafficking Essay
Human Trafficking is the transportation, recruitment, harboring, transfer or receipt of persons, by
means of threat, force or other forms of abduction, of coercion, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse
of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to
achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation.
Exploitation includes, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of
sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the
removal of organs.
It is a lucrative industry; second only to drug trafficking as the most profitable illegal industry in the
world. In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This declaration is an inordinate accomplishment, but with no teeth. Many of the contributing
nations in the United Nations do not apply this very commandment to their own people. Fifty seven
years should not be tolerable for anyone's race, or culture not to be enslaved or exploited. Half a
century has gone by only to find all nations are still trying to understand what human trafficking is.
Humanity has progressed vast strides only to still practice some of the most primitive crimes known
to man. There is no justification for this to be taking place in 2014. There are still concerns with
human trafficking that violate the very articles of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights.
A twenty one year old Philippino girl attempted to get a job in a dance troupe in Japan. On arrival
her employer confiscated her visa and started her working as a hostess wearing lingerie. If Gina left
the bar she would either be beaten or arrested. Gina was trapped (Shannon, 2007). Pot flew to
Bangkok as a factory worker and was promised to be paid well. When she arrived her passport was
taken away and she was locked up with other girls. She then continued the flight to South Korea to
pick up more girls under age and then landed in Japan where she was sold to a manager to work as a
prostitute and pay her debt

Speech On Censorship Of Speech
The U.S. Constitution contains the first ten amendments–the Bill of Rights–which guarantee
personal freedom from any external or government control. Skimming the first section of the Bill of
Rights we see: "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting
the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the
people peaceably to assemble...." Thus, free speech is a vital foundation of our constitutional
democratic republic with its protection of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness enshrined in our
Declaration of Independence. We'll discuss why censorship of speech and thought completely
undermine ideals of liberal education in a free society.
It's a reasonable premise that individuals are happiest when free to formulate and live by their own
thoughts and opinions. Humans were made naturally with all sorts of instincts and basic thinking
power, even when very young. With proper parenting, learning, and education, we humans have the
potential for highly rational, intellectual thought. In particular, humans existing in a democracy
expect to grow, learn, and live without inhibition, fear, or restriction. Like a small child who isn't
overly fearful, the possibilities of what humans can freely think, question, and explore are
essentially endless: human thought seems boundless even though we're finite beings.
In Western civilization we inherited a great

The Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) Essay
In the recent years, there has been a growing conflict between American copyright holders and
website owners, both domestic and foreign, over intellectual property theft. Indeed, these copyright
holders have repeatedly made attempts to block websites from committing or facilitating online
piracy, while websites claim that laws that try to limit the content within websites are encouraging
censorship. With the internet as an international user–controlled domain, it has been a long struggle
for both sides of the conflict.
On October 26, 2011, a new piece of legislation, the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA), had been
introduced to the United States House of Representatives and is intended to help law enforcement
agencies and copyright holders ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, search engines, online service providers, payment network providers, and internet
advertising services, could be ordered by the courts to carry out certain "preventative measures
including withholding services from an infringing site or preventing users located in the United
States from accessing the infringing site" ("Bill summary & status 112th congress (2011 – 2012)
h.r.3261 all information"). The bill further forces these providers to stop services to websites that
endanger public health through the distribution of contaminated medication. Furthermore, it would
also expand the offense of criminal copyright infringement to include public performances of
copyrighted work by digital transmission, and work intended for commercial distribution by making
it available on a computer network. For intellectual property right holders, they can follow a two–
step process in order to stop a site promoted or used for infringement. First they must provide a
written notification to the payment network providers and internet advertising services that are
doing business with the infringing site, which would order them to stop doing business with said site
in a 5 day period. In retaliation, the site's owner, operator,

Homophobia in America Essay
Homophobia in America Homophobia continues in our society, urban and rural, which is apparent in
Michael Lassell's poem 'How to Watch Your Brother Die' and in Neil Miller's essay 'In Search of
Gay America: Ogilvie, Minnesota.' What are homophobic people afraid of? Do they know?
Knowledge and awareness of homosexuality is the best way to prevent homophobia. According to
Religioustolerance.com 'Homophobia has a variety of meanings, including hatred of homosexuality,
hatred of homosexuals, fear of gays and lesbians, and a desire or attempt to discriminate against
homosexuals. The suffix 'phobia' is derived from the Greek word 'phobos'. In English, it means
either fear or loathing? (1).
Gays, lesbians, and heterosexuals suffer ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many popular and influential people were homosexuals or bisexuals. Some examples are Rock
Hudson, Plato, Leonardo da Vinci, Julius Ceasar, Alexander the Great, and Michelangelo.
Homosexuals who live and interact in a homophobic society could lose their self–respect. They fear
they will be ridiculed and not accepted by society, which could cause them to lose their self–esteem.
What makes a person gay? Does anyone really know? Is it genetic abnormalities or the
environmental factors? Some researchers agree it is a combination of genetics, biology, and
environmental influences working together that determines sexual preference. Studies suggest gay
men may be homosexual due to a genetic link with a X chromosome which is inherited from their
mothers (Dahir 30). In early studies the XYY syndrome, in which males inherit an extra Y
chromosome, may lead to antisocial, aggressive behavior, below average intelligence, and
homosexuality(2). This has been a controversial topic. If everyone had all the right answers, would
it change people?s views on homosexuals? Would discrimination against gays and lesbians go
away? Environmental factors such as culture, customs, politics, and religion could be the cause.
According to Isay there is no real evidence to support this (Dahir 13).
Michael Lassell is a gay poet, critic, and essayist. He lives in New York City. He received the
Lambda Literary Award for his books, ?A Flame for the Touch That

Freedom of Speech at College
Free Speech on College Campuses Universities are considering adopting speech codes that would
put a ban on offensive, demeaning, and provoking speech. The developments of these speech codes
are not necessary. Sheltering students from speech that might offend them is patronizing to say the
least. Do college officials really believe the students are too weak to live with the Bill of Rights?
The fact of the matter is that speech codes on college campuses are threatening students' freedom of
speech and the free exchange of ideas and therefore have no place in higher education. The First
Amendment of the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights. The first amendment
states, "Congress shall make no law respecting an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Supreme Court has clearly ruled in favor of free speech (Bok 124). In 1969, a landmark
decision made by the U.S. Supreme Court in Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School
District ruled that students are permitted to have a right to express themselves. The 7–2 ruling
encouraged the right of three students to wear black armbands to show their support for a
Christmastime cease–fire in the Vietnam War. Justice Abe Fortas, relating the majority opinion, said,
"School officials do not possess absolute authority over their students. . . . In the absence of a
specific showing of constitutionally valid reasons to regulate their speech, students are entitled to
freedom of expression of their views" (qtd. In Jost, "Student Rights" 504). In another major ruling,
in 1989, the Supreme Court defended the right to burn the American flag. The Court also added that
this was an expression of disagreement with government policies and shall be protected by the
amendment (ACLU.org). Silverglate explains the case of Cohen v. California in 1971 as follows:
In that case, an antiwar protester wore a jacket in the Los Angeles County Courthouse that used a
vulgar profanity to express his objection to the draft. The State of California prosecuted the protestor
for "maliciously and willfully disturbing the peace or quiet of any neighborhood or
person...by...offensive conduct." The Court rejected California's

The Students ' Bill Of Rights
The school where the author is doing her practicum has written a School Bill of Rights to give guide
to the students, staff and parents as to what is appropriate behavior. The author supports this bill of
rights because it provides a healthy environment for learning for the students. The author of this
essay highly respects students' bill of rights in the school. The students do not lose their
constitutional rights when they come to school. Thus, they have First Amendment rights to express
themselves. The democratic leader embraces this freedom of expression. However, students do not
have the full range of the constitutional rights. The principal of a school has the power to make rules
for the student to follow at school. For example, a student cannot cuss a teacher in class or the hall.
However, if it happened off campus, the principal would not have the authority to punish the
student. The author as a democratic leader would use the situation to explain to the student why it
should not be done and carry out any repercussions that the rules require. After all, it is the role of
the principal to educate the students in a safe environment. Any safe environment has rules that need
to be followed. However, the principal of the school must respect the Bill of Rights and the First
Amendment. Occasionally, a situation may occur when it is hard for the principal to do his/her job
without walking on students' free–expression rights. Justly, the importance of the Bill

Student Mentoring Paper
Discussion and Recommendations
Based on the analysis of the data collected for this research, academic and social assimilation was
necessary to keep African American women college students in community colleges. Every
mentoring relationship may differ student to student, but overall, mentoring helps students to
develop self–confidence, educational goals, and the aspiration to be successful in an educational
setting. As seen in the results of this survey, students thought that consulting was the most helpful
service offered by the AASP, as faculty mentors were able to develop compelling relationships
outside the classroom to contribute to their academic success. Students took advantage counseling
sessions provided to them as 58% of students ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
AB 504 passed January 1, 2018 which is a funding bill for community colleges to finance student
success and support programs for underrepresented students in California. This bill requires colleges
to have a list of eligible and ineligible expenses and activities to ensure that Student Success and
Support Program funding are being used to support the implementation of student equity plan goals
and the coordination of services for the targeted student populations (AB–504 Community colleges,
n.d.). The Summer Bridge Program offers classes in areas such as English, Math, Study Skills and
Orientation for first time college students coming straight from high school. This program helps
students to make a successful transition from high school to college by providing guidance during
the process. During the six–week summer program, students are eligible to enroll in a maximum of
seven college units. One–on–one counseling sessions are also provided during the program in
addition to other support services for first generation college

The Effects of Divorce on the Heart and Mind of Children
Bill was ten when his parents separated. He lived with his mother and saw his father every Saturday.
Four years later, his mother remarried, and Bill added a stepfather to his family. At eighteen, Bill left
home to attend college, and after graduation he and his girlfriend moved in together. A year and a
half later, they married, and soon afterward they had a child. After several years, however, the
marriage began to turn sour. Bill and his wife eventually separated, with Bill's wife retaining
custody of the child. Three years later Bill married a woman who had a child from a previous
marriage, and together they had another child. Bill's second marriage lasted thirty five– years, until
his death. Divorce is the act by which a valid marriage is dissolved, usually freeing the parties
involved to remarry... (Encyclopædia Britannica, 2013). A divorce generally has a negative
association with children and brings about a massive change in the life of any child regardless of his
or her age. The stress of commuting back and forth between households, the consistent absence of
one parent while staying with the other and seeing the loss of love and commitment between them
can be something quite devastating. Researchers have also shown that children of divorce have a
disadvantage when it comes to many of life outcomes when compared to children with married
biological parents (Kim, 2011).
The effects of divorce on the heart and minds of children range from mild to severe and from short

Bill 6 Argument Essay
In addition, the use of logos is also evident, although logical fallacies are recurrently identified.
"Logos is a very important for argumentative judgment as one of the dimensions of persuasion."
Many arguments supporting Bill 6, such as one by Connor Chartier on December 5 2015 at
8:13p.m., "Roads have speed limits, helmets are mandatory for motor bikes, and since those rules
are in place to reduce accidents[,] farms should have some too.", lack a structured logical path and
do not implement details that are necessary to assume the conclusion. As a result the argument,
when not properly analyzed can result in the misinformation of individuals. Additionally, the
argument does not properly address the issue and lacks precision as well as a logical response to the
issue at hand. Safety, in fact, is a common issue and consideration of farmers; unfortunately, in
many likewise arguments, on pages such as Albertan Against the Conservative Parties, farmers
discontent with Bill 6 appears to propose the conclusion that they do not care for the safety of their
employees. The post by Chartier, "Hey farmers protesting bill 6 on the side of the highway. Don't ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As discussed, it is often a primary source for the deliberation and attainment of information
regarding an issue. Therefore, the proper representation and use of rhetoric is necessary to ensure
individuals are properly informed and not misled. Social media tends to lack the articulation that
academic writing consists of; additionally, the use of rhetoric tends to not be properly informative
and potentially conflicting. Due to the lack of formality and documentation, political discourse on
social media often leads to misunderstandings, which can create conflict. While social networks may
be essential for modern communication, without the proper and precise use of rhetoric, the average
user is most likely be misinformed regarding a political discussion on social

Are Same-Sex Marriages Cool or ‘Gay?’An Argument for...
How would you feel if someone told you that you couldn't marry the love of your life simply
because society doesn't think that it is right? Can you imagine the devastation you would feel, being
told that you are an inferior specimen my society? This travesty is occurring in our country on a
daily basis. Same–sex marriage should be nationally legalized in the United States with a law or an
amendment because it is a step closer to equality for everyone. There are many obstacles in the way
of the national legalization of same–sex marriage. The most prevalent of these are the government's
current laws on the subject. Some of the laws that the government has 'protecting marriage' are
nothing short of barbaric. Another obstacle to the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The law this state recently passed is Proposition 8, also known as the California Marriage Protection
Act. In truth it isn't just a law. Proposition 8 was recently passed by Californian legislature as a new
amendment to their state constitution. This amendment forbids any same–sex marriage throughout
the state of California. This California bill garnered a lot of support from many different sources.
Much of the support that was behind this bill was religious in nature, especially by the Mormon
group. However, not all of the support behind this bill was religious. There was also a number of
political supporters, most notably Sen. John McCain. However, in his statement, he never actually
said that he personally was against same–sex marriage. He only said that he supported Proposition 8
because it seemed like the majority of the constituency of California supported it. Bills and
amendments like these have a significant effect on an average homosexual's state of mind, as shown
by a study:
The odds of mood disorders at wave 2 was 1.67 times the odds at wave 1 among LGB respondents
in states with amendments whereas the odds at wave 2 was not significantly different than the odds
at wave 1 among LGB respondents in states without amendments (Hatzenbeuhler, et al. 454).
When someone thinks about this, it begins to make a lot of sense and isn't a very surprising statistic.
In

Hr Bill 275
In summary, H.R. Bill 275 has been proposed by Illinois Congressman Bobby Rush in an attempt to
reinstate the principles in which the NCAA was founded on. While the bill itself is quite complex,
the purpose it serves is quite simple; to appoint a committee of seventeen members consisting of
sports experts and members of the legislative branch. The duties of these members are to review,
analyze and report on topics including, but not limited to: interaction between collegiate athletics
and academics, the financing of athletic programs, the recruitment of student athletes, and the health
and safety protections concerning student athletes. While the bill may have great intentions, it has its
fair share of flaws. Moreover, there are a few flaws ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It's a great thing that someone is finally taking action to attempt to eliminate corruption throughout
the NCAA. The foundation of H.R. Bill 275 encourages investigations on a wide array of issues that
continue to negatively affect student athletes every day. Congressman Rush has requested that the
appointed committee, "may secure directly from any department or agency of the United States
information necessary to enable it to carry out this Act" (H.R. 275 SEC.7.POWERS.C). If this is
passed, the committee will have an outrageous number of sources to aid in uncovering vital
information needed to reestablish the founding principles of the NCAA. In addition, Congressman
Rush has great experience in movements similar to this. Bobby Rush played a significant role in
Illinois' Civil Rights movements of the late nineteen–sixties. Specifically, Rush founded the Chicago
chapter of the Black Panthers Party, and is referred to as "...a hero of the civil rights movement and
the black power movement" (Williams, 2013).
All in all, the NCAA hasn't been monitoring collegiate athletic programs as close as they should.
Consequently, many student athletes continue to find themselves in the middle of unethical
situations within their respective programs. With numerous issues arising, it would be in the best
interest of the NCAA and the U.S. Government

Intellectual Diversity In Liberal Arts
Traditional Diversity
At UC–Berkeley, the course description for "Politics and Poetics" (Fall Course 2002) stated that
"conservative thinkers are encouraged to seek other sections." (SAF 1). Though the instructor later
apologized for the description, this is the sort of encouragement conservative–minded students are
greeted with many times during their college experience. It is said that in class, students are taught
that their country –– and Western culture in general –– is tainted by racism, sexism, and oppression
(Stearn 2).
Outside class, students are forced into consciousness–raising exercises that heighten tensions and
bolster radical pressure groups (Stearn 2). For example, at Brown University, an organized coalition
of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The hope for cultural improvement in problem areas, even on a global scale, lies primarily in the
critical forums of our nation's classrooms, where young, motivated minds are preparing to jump into
the world with both feet. Because academic success is measured not only by what is learned, but
also by what is taught, it is imperative that all perspectives be provided (Fish 3). 'Intellectual
diversity' is used to describe those differing perspectives. Once used to portray an educational
tradition that celebrates and nurtures human freedom, it is now used to name exactly what is lacking
in Liberal Arts programs today.
Further immersed in this controversy, the word liberal in liberal arts has been embraced by both
ends of the political spectrum, and can scarcely be uttered without turning the conversation into a
verbal duel between conservative reformists on one side, and liberal traditionalist on the other.
However clear we present the term, the thrust and parry continues as the nation's leading academia
and political activists attempt to separate liberal education from an education that indoctrinates
students in the values of political liberalism (Horowitz, In Defense, 3).
For the sake of clarity, two distinct 'sides' prevail within our higher education system today.
Although the terms "Republican" and "Democrat" (referred to herein in as liberal and conservative)
may seem inappropriate in the context of academic pursuits, they serve an advantage here

Schools Should Violate The Establishment Clause
When it comes to students who are from religious background their work can be displays because it
is a part of their first amendment. The first amendment mentions how everyone is able to express
religion and freedom of speak. This is something that cannot be taken away from students. Due to
the fact that the first amendment is made up from the bill of rights, and the bill of rights are there to
protect the citizens. According to the Anti–Defamation League (2012), it was mentioned that
students can write about their religious topics however a teacher cannot post them up if it shows
symbols. In which symbols can be looked upon as promoting the religion to other students. It was
mentioned that no schools should violate the Establishment Clause.

Reflective Essay: Transcendentalism And Its Impact On America
How I Chose My Topic: Initially for my topic, I wanted to research transcendentalism and it's
impact on America. But, my mind was changed when I realized it didn't fit the NHD topic. After I
comprehended this, I decided to focus in on the theme and pick a topic more suitable for it. I then
began to look for a new topic, and soon came across James Madison's story. I started to read about
him and began to admire him and his determination with the proposal of the bill of rights. I became
intrigued to learn more about him and how he impacted American history. How I Conducted My
Research: Originally for my research, I used Google to look for sources. After searching for a while,
I found a few reliable websites which contained a lot of important

Similarities Between Bill Brinson And Perks Of Being A...
The two texts, both Bill Bryson's a short history of nearly everything, and Stephen Chbosky's Perks
of being a wallflower, explore responses emitted when beings are given emotional and intellectual
stimuli. This can be seen through both Bill Bryson's use of Narration throughout his book, and
through the use of Narration in Perks of being a wallflower, through Charlie, where we can see
everything he experiences through both his thoughts and voice. Especially during scenes that depict
Charlie writing to someone unnamed about how he feels. Although both texts explore different ideas
of discovery they, both explore different themes of the idea of discovery, with a short history of
nearly everything, focusing on the themes of Intellectual ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In charlie we see him learn about his emotional discovery of the past, and through the quote: "I'm
both happy and sad, and still trying to figure out, how that can be." We learn that he has trouble
defining who is, and is still trying to find himself in the world. It is through Charlie's use of
narration and writing letters to the unnamed person, that we learn about him. How he's emotionally
unstable, he doesn't trust people easily, and how he's in love with Sam. It's through the use of close
up camera angles, lighting and acting ability that we see the character of Charlie come to life, and
learn about his friends and himself through emotional discovery. As well as having well thought out,
and academic discoveries presented within his work of nonfiction. Bryson also presents the ideal,
that academic and intellectual discoveries can be completely accidental and surprising, this is seen
through Bryson's, writing on the discovery of cosmic background radiation. Through the quote:
"Although Penzias and Wilson had not been looking for cosmic background radiation, didn't know
what it was when they found it, and hadn't described or interpreted its character in any paper, they
received the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physics" This quote showcases the idea that important discoveries
can be

Internet Regulation : A Free Internet Essay
"Internet Regulation": A Free Internet
The Internet Regulation battle has been an ongoing debate for over a decade. The Federal
Communications Commission and President Barack Obama have made theoretical claims that net
neutralizing will benefit the American people. However, if the government were to gain the full
ability to control the World Wide Web, that would sacrifice United States citizens fundamental
rights, the access to education, and constrain the future evolution of the internet.
Regulating the internet jeopardizes the rights of american's. If congress is successful in passing the
net neutralizing bill, it will allow government officials to limit what U.S. citizens are able to view
and obtain. Social media has made a tremendous impact on today's society, allowing people to
retrieve information within minutes, as well as the ability to connect across states and countries.
Facebook and Twitter give users a platform to share experiences, humorous quotes, and the ability to
reach out for help during troubled times. If the Supreme Court grants America's government full
control of the internet and its content, sites such as Facebook and many others alike will be at risk of
complete termination from the Web. It is highly unethical to force stipulations on citizens, or to
attempt censoring what is U.S citizens birth right, which is freedom of speech.
For example, France recently enforced the Internet Regulation law, forcing their citizens to follow
primary guidelines that

The Bedford V. Prostitution Case
Prostitution is one of the oldest professions throughout the ancient and modern culture. It has been
around for one of the longest times. Prostitution will possibly be found where one finds evidence of
life and human. By definition, prostitution is known as commercial sex. A prostitute receives
payment in exchange for sexual services between another person. However, the criminalization of
prostitution is necessary in most countries as there is capital gain involved, puts the environment at a
greater risk of violence, and causes less protection for sex workers. Most countries including Canada
have done an effective job in outlawing prostitution with new legislations. Current Canadian laws
tend to respect sex workers and additionally, address their issues as well. Within my essay, facts
about the Bedford V. Prostitution case along with the government's response to the case will be
addressed. Media coverage and representation of the case will be discussed along with the media
coverage in relation to criminalization of prostitution amongst different viewpoints will be analyzed.
A critical opinion about the current state of law in Canada in regards to criminalization of
prostitution will also be addressed. Comparison between the academic articles and media will also
be discussed in depth. The current laws in Canada for prostitution are fairly effective by 'ending
demand' for sexual services in Canada as Bill C–36 was passed. In 2007, three sex workers, Terri

Argumentative Essay On Campus Law
Texas Senate Bill 11, known as the campus carry law, has many people outraged, while others are
pleased with its passing. Society is at odds about gun control and having guns on campuses, which
for some, are like small towns and like those small towns are dealing with similar issues concerning
the 2nd amendment. One must look at the 2nd amendment, from the United States Constitution and
Bill of Rights (1791) , and its true meaning of the "the right of the people to keep and bear Arms."
The 2nd amendment was put into place to have armed citizens who could be called upon in times of
war. The colonists in America had the right to bear arms as would any Englishman under British
rule. Because of the armed colonists and their ability to rally an army, they won their freedom
against the British. America's forefathers saw this to be prudent and included the 2nd amendment in
the Bill of Rights. The Founding Fathers knew it was expedient that citizens have this right should
another tyrannical government try to impose its rights ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Due to the many college campus shootings across the nation, especially the mass shooting at
Virginia Tech University in 2007, believes that their safety and others will are better off now that SB
11 has passed (Nipp, Martin, Gullo, Espiricueta, & Domingue, 2015). This law may make them feel
better but how many of the concealed handgun license (CHL) gun holders are equipped to handle
such a deadly situation? Patrolman Brendon Hartman from the Whitehouse, TX police department
was quoted, "I believe in responsible students being able to protect themselves. You have veterans
attending schools, as well as older citizens" (Nipp et al, 2015). Older students do seem to have a
more mature attitude regarding firearms, amongst other issues, than the average 21 year old;
however, being older does not always mean

CCALA Bill 17
The health policy examined in this paper is the Bill 17, The Health Statues (Resident's Bill of
Rights) Amendment Act 2009. This provincial policy explores the Resident's rights in all types of
residential care facilities. Residential care facilities are defined as "providing 24–hour professional
care for people with complex health needs and cannot live safely on their own". This paper will
focus on seniors who are in need of assistance from these facilities. Care can be provided by a
community care facility, an extended care hospital or a private hospital. The Community Care and
Assisted Living Act (CCALA) licenses and regulates the community care facilities, and the Hospital
Act licenses and regulates the extend care hospitals and private hospitals. The Bill 17 is part of
CCALA and the Hospital Act where they outline the rights of the individuals living in the residential
care facilities. The provincial policy was brought into place from the BC Ombudsperson by the
urging of the report Best of Care (Part 1): Getting it right for Seniors in British Columbia in
December 2009. One of the goals of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They were reluctant to raise concerns about the level of care because they do not know what the
residents' rights were and the level of care they were entitled to receive. The uncertainty of rights of
the residents also arose from the variations of services offered in different facilities. For seniors and
families, it is difficult to raise concerns and complaints if they do not know what the rights of the
residents are and what they can expect from the residential care facilities. The families did not want
raise concerns about the care they were receiving in fear that it would negatively impact the care
they were currently receiving. Setting the standard for residents' rights would benefit everyone
working and living in the

Why Is The British Constitution Outdated In The Uk Essay
Terrorism, the abuse of power and the rapid growth of technology, are apprehensions that has caused
many people to become aware and concerned with the current constitution of the United Kingdom.
It is even being described as 'wearing out.' The basis of the British constitution has not changed over
a period of years, and proves to be working satisfactorily, as the United Kingdom has been
experiencing political stability. However, there are many doubts that it would remain this way for
the future. Therefore, is the British Constitution too outdated for today's world or should it remain
how it is?
Thomas Paine said, 'a government without a constitution, is a power without right'. A constitution is
the framework that defines the structure and power of the state. It also seeks to confer power and to
provide the legitimacy for the state's use of power. This means that a constitution is a tool that is
expected to protect the citizens of the country, while ensuring that there is not an abuse of power by
the state. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Constitutions are classified as codified (written) or un–codified (unwritten). A codified constitution,
is a constitution that 'refers to a single constitutional document that contains a Bill of Rights and the
Constitutional Law that sets out the structure of the state'. Whereas un–codified, refers to
constitutions that are made up of multiple documents. The United Kingdom has an un–codified
constitution. The British constitution contains both legal and non–legal sources that are written and
unwritten. These sources are; Statue law, Common law, European Union law, European convention
on human rights, the Royal Prerogative, The law and customs of Parliament, academic writings and
constitutional conventions

Summary Of Free Inquiry Not On Campus By John Leo
The Death of Speech The first amendment, the right of freedom of speech is one of the most
important classic fantasy to almost anyone living in the United States, building the foundation of our
nation. This right gives us plenty of different opportunities to express our opinions and political
viewpoints on any issues in America. But it comes with a price, people have been protesting
multiple different events trying to prevent people from expressing opposing opinions or political
viewpoints on that has issues in America. For the minority of people, expressing a different opinion
should be protected no matter how controversial or insensitive it may be. "Free Inquiry? Not on
Campus" by John Leo is an important essay that shows exactly how important it is to protect
people's political views and opinions. In Leo's essay, he elaborates how times have changed and how
we live in more of a liberal left–wing society and because of this everyone has to be more politically
correct. Leo talks about the social change universities and colleges on how they used to promote
free speech, but now are more like the speech police telling us what's opinions you should have on
any given subject and any other opinion is considered wrong. Leo gives an example of this and
writes "in October 2007, for instance, a student mob stormed a Columbia University stage, shutting
down speeches by two members of the Minutemen, an anti–illegal immigration group.The students
shouted they have no right to

Sedition Act Pros And Cons
Silencing Political Opposition: The Sedition Act The Sedition Act struck at the heart of free political
exchange, and it was one of the most foolish policy that Federalist Government ever made. There
are three reasons to support this view. First, the Sedition Act is obvious against the Declaration of
Independence. Second, it would make people rebel the policy, and the Federal. Third, it forced the
federal court became political tools. The Sedition Act is a policy that defined criticism of the U.S.
government as criminal libel. The original purpose of the Sedition Act was to punish the followers
of Jefferson, which once federalists found that they were promote the Republican they would be put
into jail. Previously, Federalists had attempted ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this way, the Federalists created the nation's first major crisis over civil liberties. District courts
staffed by Federalist appointees indicted seventeen people for criticizing the government. Several
cases were absurd. On the basis of the law, there were 25 people were arrested, 11 people by trial,
and 10 people convicted. One of those people died in the process of pending trial, who is Benjamin
Franklin's grandson, Aurora newspaper reporter, Benjamin Franklin Bache. Bache had accused
George Washington of incompetence and financial irregularities，and "the blind, bald, crippled,
toothless, querulous ADAMS" of nepotism and monarchical ambition. By the fall of 1798, Jefferson
and Madison were convinced that the Federalists envisioned the creation of a police state. Therefore,
they drafted separation protests known as the Kentucky and Virginia Resolution. Both statements
vigorously defended the right of individual state assemblies to interpret the constitutionality of
federal law, especially the Sedition Act. (Divine et al, 216) Since the establishment of Sedition Act,
the federal court became political tools. Many Republicans were captured, as well as many other
innocent people. The actions of the administration persuaded Republicans that the survival of free
government was at stake. The federal courts started lost its impartial visualize in public eyes, public
would doubt court's fairness, which might cost crimes chicanery for themselves. Therefore, it also
broke the society's

Bill C 51 : Rights And Freedom
Bill C–51 was passed on June 2015 and has since caused a lot of controversy among Canadian
citizens. The legislation was created to stop future terror attacks on the country and to slow down
radicalization. Instead, Canadians find that the bill strips them of their freedom and promises little
improvement to public safety. Not only that, but some also find it dangerous in terms of its potential
impacts on constitutionally and internationally protected rights, on the rule of law, and on the health
of Canada's democracy. In the end, this legislation is not only unsuccessful in countering terrorism,
but is also counter–productive in that it is reckless, dangerous and ineffective towards supporting
Canadians' rights and freedom. The purpose of this act is to encourage and monitor the sharing of
information between Canadian government institutions in order to protect Canada against activities
that threaten the security of Canada, but this bill not only fails to fix those flaws, it recreates and
causes more underlying problems without adding any meaningful protection to ensure that the
powers it grants will not be abused. The bill allows information sharing across 17 government
institutions for a wide range of purposes, most of which have nothing to do with terrorism. After the
bill was passed, it has raised serious concerns regarding the potential impact is has on the basic civil
liberties of all Canadians. The new legislation significantly expands CSIS' (Canadian Security

Improve Affirmative Action by Removing Quotas and Racial...
Improve Affirmative Action by Removing Quotas and Racial Preferences
Affirmative action has assisted many members of minority groups in creating equal opportunities in
education and employment. Who could object to assisting these minorities, who suffered years of
discrimination, in getting the equal opportunity they deserve? The problem is, affirmative action
promotes racial preferences and quotas which cause mixed emotions. One time supporters of
affirmative action are now calling out "reverse discrimination". If we want a stronger support for
affirmative action we need to get rid of the preferential treatments.
The back bone of affirmative action began with the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment on
December 18, 1865. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
11). The order directed employers to take affirmative action to ensure a "color blind" method of
hiring and promotion in government contracts. This began a concerted effort to abolish
discrimination. With Executive Order of 10925 came the President's Committee on Equal
Employment Opportunity (PCEEO). The Committee was given the authority to enforce affirmative
action mandates by being able to cancel or suspend government contractors. Kennedy, mostly
endorsing a "race conscious affirmative action," kept away from racial preferences and quotas
(Lugg, 1997, p. 11).
On July 2, 1964, President Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ("Federal laws," 1998). Title
VII of the act prohibits employment discrimination based on race, sex, national origin, or religion.
Title VI prohibits public access discrimination, leading to school desegregation. Title VIII is the
original "federal fair housing law," later amended in 1988. However, even after this and other
legislation, blacks, Hispanics, and Native Americans were still underrepresented in employment and
education (Dorsen, 1994).
President Johnson also put through Executive Order 11246 which ended coerced non–specific
minority hiring and adopted "hard and fast" quotas (Lugg, 1997, p 13). Under this order came the
Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP). The OFCCP was required to make
annual reports on the progress of the goals and time

Bill C 51 : Rights And Freedom
Bill C–51 was passed on June 2015 and has since caused a lot of controversy among Canadian
citizens. The legislation was created to stop future terror attacks on the country and to slow down
radicalization. Instead, Canadians find that the bill strips them of their freedom and promises little
improvement to public safety. Not only that, but some also find it dangerous in terms of its potential
impacts on constitutionally and internationally protected rights, on the rule of law, and on the health
of Canada's democracy. In the end, this legislation is not only unsuccessful in countering terrorism,
but is also counter–productive in that it is reckless, dangerous and ineffective towards supporting
Canadians' rights and freedom. The purpose of this act is to encourage and monitor the sharing of
information between Government of Canada institutions in order to protect Canada against activities
that threaten the security of Canada, but this bill not only fails to fix those flaws, it recreates and
causes more underlying problems without adding any meaningful safeguards to ensure the
expansive powers it grants will not be similarly abused. The bill allows information sharing across
17 government institutions for a wide range of purposes, most of which have nothing to do with
terrorism. After the bill was passed, it has raised serious concerns regarding the potential impact is
has on the basic civil liberties of all Canadians. The new legislation significantly expands CSIS'

Texas Southern College History
In the beginning of our great history of Texas Southern University, I've come to learn that Texas
Southern was known by many other names before it became as we know it today. On September 14,
1927, the Houston Public School Board agreed to fund the creation of two new junior colleges, one
for whites and one for African Americans. Houston Colored Junior College first enrollment count in
the summer of 1927 was 300 which would dramatically change in the fall semester when the school
dropped to just 88 students. The Houston Colored College was established to give African
Americans the opportunity to receive a college education. The college progressed and improved so
much that it became a member of the Association of Colleges and the Southern Association of
Colleges, which is all about the improvement of education in the South through accreditation. In
1934, the Houston School Board changed the school from a junior college to a four year college and
changed the name to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She was the first southern black female elected to the United States House of Representatives and
the first African American woman to deliver a keynote address at a Democratic National
Convention. She originally wanted to attend the University of Texas but since it was so segregated
she don't not get admitted and chose Texas Southern University, majoring in political science and
history.
The second half of the School of Public Affairs is named after Mickey Leland who was an anti–
poverty activist and later on became a congressman from the Texas 18th District and chair of the
Congressional Black Caucus. While he attended Texas Southern University in 1964 he became a
vocal leader of the Houston area civil rights movement brought well know leaders to the movement
in Houston. Leland graduated from Texas Southern in 1970 with a Bachelor's degree in

The Dream Act Promotes Illegal Immigration Essay examples
Today, there are about 80,000 undocumented students who will graduate from high school in the
United States. Nearly 65,000 of these students will not only be graduating, but have been living in
the country for five years or more. Undocumented students face various challenges as they move
along the academic pipeline. Yet, a growing number of them are graduating from U.S. high schools
each year prepared to enter our nation's colleges and universities. These students are most likely in
favor of the Dream Act, Development Relief and Education for Alien Minors Act. This is a proposed
legislation in the United States that was introduced to the Senate on August 1, 2001, and was re–
introduced on March 26, 2009 (Miranda). This proposed bill will ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
And as a result, this bill has caused controversy throughout the nation as these illegal students and
their parents who do not pay certain taxes, such as income tax, are getting the chance to receive an
education and are also offered in–state tuition (Knickerbocker, Khadaroo). Furthermore, the state
will be giving funds to illegal residents that would otherwise be available to legal residents. If the
Dream Act were ever to pass, illegal aliens would have a heightened drive to cross the border, so
that they can bring all their children illegally into the United States, knowing that they will have the
chance to become citizens through their children. No matter what circumstances an individual is in,
breaking the law of another's nation is not the proper way to go about the situation. Illegal
immigrants must serve the sentence; however, all people regardless of their immigration status
reserve the right to obtain an education. The passing of this bill paves a clear avenue for illegal
immigrants to come straight into this country, which then restarts the debacle of immigrant versus
citizens. Immigration is defined as "the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country"
(Mertens). Immigration becomes illegal when proper documentation is not presented at the border.
If immigrants would naturally become United States citizens and then many of them would not have
to go through such ordeals like

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