honey comb

1. How to use honey for different illnesses
“Apiculture is the science and art of prolonging, sustaining,
and retaining health by using products obtained from honeybee
hives, such as honey, beebread, bee venom, bee pollen, propolis,
and royal jelly”.
Current years have perceived the use of bee products in both
outdated and modern treatments. Now, many research works are
directed to exploring the health benefits and biological
properties of bee products due to their effectiveness which
promotes the progress of nutraceuticals and functional food
production from these products. The perception of functional
food denotes food that has the capability to endorse better
physiological or psychological health as compared to outdated
therapies and nutritional food. These properties certainly added
toward exceptional health maintenance, well-being, and reduced
prolonged illness.
The current evaluation emphasizes on the possible health
benefits of bee products, including honey, propolis, and royal
jelly.
Here are denoting the use of honey in different body ailments.
1)Wound Management:
Honey comb has conventionally been used to cure injuries, pest
bites, blisters, skin ailments, abscesses, and ulcers. The
healing property of honey is largely due to its antimicrobial
activity, that maintain a damp condition and high viscosity
provide a protective barrier to prevent the infection (Manisha
and Dhammapada, 2011; Hananiah et al., 2015). Scientific &
technical credentials of the healing competences of honey
confirms its worth and an antibacterial agent.
1. a) Mechanism of wound healing:
Honey stimulates the initiation of inactive plasminogen in the
wound medium, which results in the activation of the
proteolysis. This enzyme breakdowns fibrin clots that bind with
dead tissues in the wound matrix.

2. Scientific proof supporting the efficiency, specificity, and
sensitivity of honey in wound repair specifies that the use of
traditional and new wound care dressing is less effective to
that of using honey.
Some circumstances have revealed that honey also excites wound-
healing properties even in injuries infected with antibiotic-
resistance bacteria (Natarajan et al. 2001).
2) Pediatric Care:
Honey can be helpful in treating skin problems in children. It
recovers skin damages near various operations like ileostomy and
colostomy in which stomas are created, honey clears and heals
skin problems near stoma by increasing epithelialization of the
injured skin. Honey has a useful consequence on pediatric
inflammation of the skin, which is due to too much use of
napkins and diapers, eczema, and psoriasis.
The influence of honey combined with beeswax and olive oil was
examined on patients with psoriasis or atopic dermatitis. A
clinical trial disclosed that a combination comprising honey was
exceptionally well tolerated and produced significant
improvements as honey comprises many nitric oxide metabolites,
which decrease the risk of skin infection in psoriasis.
3) Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU):
Honey is a cost-effective remedy for diabetic foot ulcers (DFU).
Diabetic Foot Ulcer has the symptoms of ache, swelling, and
inflammation. Analysis indicated that using honey for the
management of ulcers resulted in positive consequences with
great approval rates from the patients. Honey is used in lesions
healing and is effective in locally infected injuries, DFU,
Charcot foot ulcerations, and multifaceted comorbid illnesses
that have failed hospital therapy. Honey causes excellent
acceptability and negligible disturbance to the wound matrix.

3. 4) Gastrointestinal (GI) Disorder:
Natural honey contains various forms of enzymes which help in
the absorption of many molecules such as glucose and starch. The
sugar molecules of honey are easily taken by the body. Honey
also delivers certain essential molecules, such as minerals,
phytochemicals, and flavonoids that support digestive functions.
Pure honey has bactericidal properties and also comprises of the
high amount of prebiotics which helps in increasing the
biological activities and development of Bifidobacterial found
in the GIT.
Some in vitro and in vivo experiments on honey have described it
as an important dietary supplement that accelerates the growth
of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterial and enhanced their
probiotic strength in the gastrointestinal tract.

4. Under in v40 itro circumstances, prebiotic elements in honey for
example inulin, oligofructose, and oligosaccharides helped the
increase in the numbers of Lactobacillus acidophilus and L.
Plantarum by 10–100 folds, which was beneficial for the
intestinal microbiota.
5) Oral Health:
Honey is beneficial for the management of various oral ailments
such as periodontal infection Inflammation of mucous membranes
in the mouth, and halitosis (halitosis is an oral health
condition that causes malodorous breath). Moreover, it is useful
for the prevention of dental plaque, gingivitis, mouth ulcers,
and periodontitis. The antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory
abilities of honey can stimulate the growth of granulation
tissue, leading to the repair of damaged cells.
 Mechanism of action:
A latest study has evaluated that honey intake improves
halitosis due to its strong antimicrobial activity due to its
methylglyoxal component.
6) Pharyngitis and Coughs:
Sore throat, term commonly used for pharyngitis, which is an
acute infection caused by Streptococcus spp. Honey is very
effective for curing sore throat with its anti-inflammatory,
antiviral, and antifungal properties.
 Mechanism of action:
Honey makes a layer onto the inner lining of the throat and
destroys the dangerous microorganisms by concurrently calming
the throat. A review has confirmed that honey is more effective
in treating cough as compared to other treatments caused by
upper respiratory infections, counting dextromethorphan and
diphenhydramine. The antioxidant and antibacterial effectiveness
of honey helped in reducing obstinate cough and improved sleep
for both children and adults by taking
honey (2.5 ml). A relative study on children with different
natural products stated that honey was found to be the
extensively used therapy for pneumonia 82.4%.
7) Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease:

5. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a gastrointestinal
tract disorder that happens when acid juices from the gastric,
or food and liquids are reversed from the gastric into the
esophagus. Symptoms of GERD contain indigestion, soreness, and
acid vomiting. By taking the honey, helps in treating this
condition by making a protective layer on esophagus and stomach
mucosal lining and stop the reverse flow of food and stomach
juices. Honey also stimulates the tissues of the sphincter to
support their reproduction, thus decreasing the risks of acid
reflux.
8) Dyspepsia, Gastritis, and Peptic Ulcer:
Dyspepsia, also known as indigestion, denotes to distress or
pain that happens in the upper stomach, frequently after eating
or drinking. Symptoms of this conditions include epigastric
pain, indigestion, distending, and sickness. Dyspepsia is the
initial sign of peptic ulcer which might ultimately leads to
cancer.
Gastritis denotes to the inflammation of the lining wall of the
gastric.
Peptic ulcer indicates destructions or painful abscesses on the
lining of the gastric or duodenum.
Honey have been recognised as a powerful inhibitor for gastritis
and the peptic ulcer causing agent that is Helicobacter pylori
(H. pylori).
Clinical reviews have revealed that honey reduced the production
of gastric acid and amplified the healing effect. Honey is also
taken as nutritional supplement for its antimicrobial properties
and healing effect.
9) Gastroenteritis:
Gastroenteritis is a very common condition that causes diarrhea
and vomiting. Causative agents of this condition include
Salmonella, Shigella, and Clostridium. A clinical analysis
described the treatment of infant gastroenteritis by using
honey, in which glucose in standard ORS solution replaced with
honey that resulted in hydration and balancing of electrolytes
in the body due to high sugar content in honey causes water
reabsorption.

6. 10) Constipation and diarrhea:
Severe constipation is a common and miscellaneous type disease
categorised by unbearable evacuation (irregular stools and
difficult stool passage). Symptoms include injuring, difficult
to eject stool, incomplete removal of stools, hard or unsmooth
stools, and lengthy time to pass stool.
Diarrhea is refer to as a high incidence of bowel actions with
watery stool.
Honey has decreased the incidence of infection and duration of
viral diarrhea as compared to conventional antiviral therapy. In
a different case, people detected with inflammatory bowel
syndrome (IBS) suffering severe diarrhea or constipation,
distending, and stomach discomfort was effectively treated with
raw honey on an unfilled stomach.
11) Liver and Pancreatic Diseases.
Honey aids to calm pain, regulate liver functions, and
deactivate contaminants. Problems in the liver functions can be
caused to oxidative destruction.
Honey shows anti-oxidative properties produce protective effect
on the injured liver. A study on paracetamol-induced liver
damage disclosed that the antioxidant and liver-protective
activity of honey decreased liver damage.
Honey helps to regulate blood sugar level, which is beneficial
for those facing with fatty liver disease because it provides
sufficient glycogen storage in liver cells.
12) Metabolic and Cardiovascular Health:
Honey consumption indicated a noteworthy decrease in risk of
metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Honey shows cardio-
protective properties such as vasodilation, maintaining vascular
homeostasis, and regulation in lipid profile.
Honey contains flavonoids that improves the dilation of coronary
artery, reduces the capability of platelets to form clots, stops
oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), increases high-
density lipoproteins (HDL), and makes better endothelial
functions. According to a study that showed the comparison of

7. metabolic response of honey which indicated its changing impacts
against metabolic syndromes (MetS).
Polyphenols present in honey decrease atherosclerotic wounds by
causing the inhibition of inflammatory and angiogenic
mechanisms.
A scientific and medical examination directed on patients
suffering from hyperlipidaemia revealed that honey reduced total
cholesterol (TC) and markedly prohibited the high plasma glucose
levels.
Nitric oxide (NO) is a metabolite exist in honey that also has
cardio-protective roles.