4. To inhibit the growth of or to destroy bacteria
Have a specific
Low concentration
Secreted by microoganism
synthetic or semi-synthetic chemical compound
Anti
biotics
5. The antibiotics have β-lactam structure Penicillin,cephalosporin
The antibiotic containing aromatic ring Chloramphenicol
Aminoglycosid structure antibiotics Streptomycin,gentamicin
The structures of antibiotics have 4 rings Tetracyclins
Polypeptid antibiotics Polymyxin,bacitracin
Macrolid antibiotics Erythromycin,spiramycin
Polyen antibiotics Nystatin,amphotericin B
………………..
9. PART II:
GENERAL VIEW ABOUT
CEPHALOSPORIN ANTIBIOTICS.
1945
1956
1964
1971DISCOVERED HISTORY
Cephalosporium
acremonium race was
discovered from a sewer
in Sardinia in 1945 by
Italian scientist Giuseppe
Brotzu
Cephalosporin C and penicillin N were
fractionated from fungus growth sap
First introduced in clinal
in 1964 (cephalothin)
Cephamycin was
fractionated
fromNorcadia race,
having same structure
as Cephalosporin
12. 1Nature CP have low
antibacterial active
2Cephalosporin includes β-lactam ring
and dihydrothiazin heterocyclic
(cephem core)
3Cephalosporin use for treatment all are synthesis
or semi-synthesis chemical compound
4Cephalosporin is the material to
produce 7-ACA and 7-ADCA
15. PART III:
PRODUCING CEPHALOSPORIN C BY
MICRORGANIC FERMENTATION METHOD
1. Race.
- Cephalosporium acremonium (Acremonium chrysogenum)
- Low antibiotics active, doesn’t have super-synthetic race.
- Doesn’t have acyltransferase enzyme so can’t use
precursor substance to contribute new product
19. pH
condition
from 6,8 to
7,4.
Temp. pH Oxigen CO2
.
T = 25-300C,
maintain
during
fermentation
process
Concentration
of dissolved
oxygen = 30%
concentration
of saturated
one.
Too high
concentration
of CO2 will
resist the
adsorbtion and
metabolization
of substrate ‘s
races.
20. Conserve races and multiplicate races:
Extremely cold storage at -700C or liquid nitrogen
shielding.
Races from preservation condition are transplanting
to agar to active and growth to get spore.
Finally, the multiplicating equipment will produce
the amount of races whose the density in initial ferment
solution is about 1 - 5.109 spores / m3.
21. • Ferment equipment: Must be in absolute sterility
before using, either to all of the equipments. Sterile
in overheated steam at 2,5 – 3,0 at for 3 hr. Manage
to maitain the excess pressure in the equipment
during the ferment process to limit contaminant.
• The air is usually been antiseptic by adiabatic
compresion, then get through ultrafiltration.
• Surfaced fermentation engineering: Fermenting
on solid materials (corn mash, wheat mash added
lactose)
24. 5.Transplant
bacteria into
Mueller-Hinton
agar disk
6. Put in
antibiotic
paper
7. Measure
absolute
sterility
ring
8.Analyse and
answer result
1.Subdeviding
race
2. Transplant
into environment
without
selection
3. Creating
bacteria sap in
normal saline
(108cell/ml)
4.Adjusting
opacity of
bacteria
(106cell/ml)
Cephalosporin
acremonium
25. UI
YBS environment ( growth environment)
Two phases ferment
First phase (get biomass): 2-3 days, at 28 – 30oC,
pH 6.5-6.8
Last phase (get product) : 5 -7 days, at 22-25oC,
pH lower than frist phase
41. We have this from the chart above:
K= 7 day-1
Cm= 9.94 (g/l)
42. Antibiotics concentration: 1.6 g/l.
Weekly yeild: 30 kg
Anually yeild: 1560 kg
Volume of equipment 18.75 m3
Need 5 serial reactors
With this ouput, about 150.000600.000
Cefpodoxime tablet will be produced per week.
43. Nowadays, Cephalosporin is the most important antibiotic
drug. Cephalosporin use to treat a lot of disease, what resisted
another antibiotics such as: penicilin, amoxicilin, ampicilin…
Ranking 7th / 10 antibiotics to treat infections, it is caused by
staphylococus aureus and typhoid fever in humans.
Semi-synthetic CPC have antibacterial effect with both β-
lactamase bacteria, gram (-) bacteria and have low toxicity.
44. ›CPC second generation antibiotics is very specially effect
when we use infections of incision after operation.
›Advantage of CPC third generation antibiotics is the most
broad spectrum antibacterial for both bacteria gram (-) and
gram (+),including strains of streptococcus .
›It used to treat severely infections in bronchus and
lung, sepsis, bacterial contamination of bone, urinaly
tract, gonorrhoeae resisted by another antibiotics…
45. 1. Nguyễn Thị Mai 60901525
2. Phạm Thị Hồng Nhật 60901844
3. Thiều Nguyễn Trường Giang 60900680
4. Vũ Viết Văn Thưởng 60802199
5. Phạm Như Quốc Khánh 60901192
6. Hứa Tiến Đức 60900625
7. Trần Ngọc Hưng 60901119
8. Nguyễn Văn Nguyên 60901764
9. Trần Ngọc Kiều Khanh 60901164
INSTRUCTOR :Doctor. Lê Thị Kim Phụng
