1. Modes of Transportation
• There are number of public transport options in all major and touristic cities of Turkey
• They include suburban trains, local buses, subway, trams, minibuses and taxis.
• There are huge public transport system in Turkey such as:
• local buses.
• Taxis.
• Minibuses.
• Tram.
• and metro.
• Your choice of transport will depend on how quickly you want to get from A to B.
2. Metro
• Turkey’s metro system in underground
• surface rapid transit trains is growing quickly.
• Major cities of Turkey now have the underground metros.
• You need to buy the smart ticket to travel by metro.
• The Istanbul metro network is run by Istanbul Ulasim A.S.
• It offers 9 lines which are split into the M- and T-lines,
• Aerial cable car lines offering passengers views of the city as they make their way around it.
• The network provides access to 70 stations around the city, and with 30 more under construction
• it will be a thorough and efficient way of getting around.
• The M1 line is likely to be your first experience of the Istanbul network as it connects the Ataturk
airport to the city center.
• The usual running hours are from 6am till 12am,
• however the final departure time from the airport is extended until 1am.
• Metro networks are also available in Ankara, Izmir and Burza.
• In all the networks, fares tend to be around ₺2 (€0.59), which is very cheap.
3. Public transport
• Turkey offers a wide range of public transport.
• The whole of Turkey is well covered by public transport,
• It includes long-distance buses, domestic flights, minibuses and
ferries.
• Most of which is very affordable even to travelers on the tightest of
budgets.
• Make sure you know which mode suits you best so that you are armed
with the information before getting on board.
• The fare to take public transportation is about 2,60 TL per person per
ride with an Istanbul Kart.
4. Groups in Turkey
• Turkey is a complex melting pot of cultures and people,
• found between the Islamic, Arab world and the European, Western world.
• Turkey has a 99.8% Muslim majority, making it one of the most predominantly
Muslim countries in the entire world
• The Ottoman Empire lasted for over 600 years and was centered in Turkey.
• After the empire had declined due to various factors, the Turkish people were
left without an identity.
• Mustafa Kemal Ataturk united the Muslims of Turkey and rejected measures
that had significantly weakened Turkey after the First World War.
• Ataturk created a modern secular state with equal political rights for ethnic
minorities and women being one of his everlasting legacies.
5. Different groups of people
Turks (72.5%)
Zaza Kurds (4%)
Circassians (3.3%)
Bosniaks (2.6%)
Georgians (1.3%)
Arabs (1.1%)
Pomaks (0.8%)
Others (0.5%)
