More Related Content Similar to Malek shahid alcatel-lucent Similar to Malek shahid alcatel-lucent (20) 1. Small Cells- Innovation for
Wireless networks
Dr. Malek Shahid
Chairman, LTE Working Group
Small Cell Forum
(Alcatel-Lucent: Director, HetNet and network performance optimization)
Latin American Spectrum Conference 2012
2. Topics to be covered...
1. Introduction & background to Small Cell Forum
2. Benefits of Small Cells (incl. impact on spectral efficiency...)
3. Evolution of Small Cell technologies & market deployments
4. Key regulatory principles & evolution of Small Cell Forum messaging
5. Summary
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
3. The Small Cell Forum
Aims
82 providers of small cell technology
representing all parts of the ecosystem
67 operators covering 2.92 billion mobile
subscribers – 47% of total
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
4. THE LIMITS OF MACRO BTS-ONLY STRATEGY
CLAUDE SHANNON WAS A VERY SMART GUY
4
4
2
Wireless Technologies
Infeasible Region
Small cells
Shannon-bound
EV-DO
HSDPA
-5 +5 +15
Peak Data Efficiency (bps/Hz)
LTE
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (dB)
Source: Bell Labs analysis
A Good Experience
A Bad Experience
network load, frequency band, and distance
all make a difference
Macrocells
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
5. NETWORK EXPANSION:
ONLY 3 WAYS TO ADD CAPACITY
ALSO RESULTS IN BETTER COVERAGE
2x
More
Spectrum
Less of this Capacity
(Hz)
2 X 1.5 X 10 = 30X
(AFFORDABLE) SPATIAL EFFICIENCY = METRO
CELLS
5
More
Spectral
Efficiency
(Bits/Sec/Hz)
More
Spatial
Efficiency
(Bits/Sec/Hz/User
)
Increase
Capacity
1.5x >10x
More of this
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
6. SMALL CELLS TOMORROW – ENTER THE METRO
BETTER COVERAGE, HIGHER THROUGHPUT, LESS TCO
Total Cost of Ownership (000 Euros)
6
>10Mb/s
<10Mb/s
<5Mb/s
<3Mb/s
YEAR 1
>10Mb/s
<10Mb/s
<5Mb/s
<3Mb/s
YEAR 2
>10Mb/s
<10Mb/s
<5Mb/s
<3Mb/s
YEAR 3
>10Mb/s
<10Mb/s
<5Mb/s
YEAR 4
USER THROUGHPUT
NUMBER OF SIMULTANEOUS USERS
METRO ENHANCED
NETWORKS: 3 OF
THE SAVINGS
45% TCO Savings
Euros (in millions)
Metro Cell
Express
Source: Bell Labs analysis based on dense urban area
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
8. SMALL CELLS EVERYWHERE!
8
Metro:
Operator deployed:
100’s m: 32-64 users
wired or wireless B/H
In-Building:
(Office | Retail | Apartments)
8-32 users
Residential:
end-user deployed, Shared backhaul)
13 dBm, 4-8 users
Rural:
Operator deployed: 2Km:
64 users, wired or wireless B/H
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
9. TRAFFIC OFFLOAD, END USER EXPERIEINCE
% increase in median
throughput over macrocells
alone
9
Number of small cells per macrocell
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
10. EFFECTS OF SMALL CELLS DEPLOYMENT
10
1st FLOOR
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
UE_TX_powe
r
-10 to 0 dbm
UE_TX_power
-30 to -20 dbm
Before
After
Before
After
MMeeaassuurreedd CCPPIICCHH RRSSCCPP:: CCoovveerraaggee IImmpprroovveemmeenntt Measured UE Tx Power: Lower after ssmmaallll cceellll aaddddiittiioonn
12. Operators with commercial femtocell
deployments
Includes 9
out of top ten
operator
groups by
revenue
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
13. Femtocell Deployments
2007:
0 femtocells
Today:
3.8 million femtocells
deployed commercially
Scaling up:
•Sprint: Over 600,000 units
•Softbank : Over 120,000
units
•SFR: Over 100,000 units
•Vodafone UK: Hundreds of
thousands of users
•AT&T: Well over 500,000
units (analyst estimates)
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
14. MORE SMAL THAN MACROCELLS
here were more 3G femtocells than 3G macrocells in June 2011
y end of 2012, There will be more small cells than macrocells
for all technologies combined
Source: Small Cell Forum
Small cells
End 2012:
6.4 million
small cells
6.0 million
macrocells
15. Overall Objective of Small Cell Forum’s
Regulatory Working Group
- To encourage a positive regulatory environment for femtocell
deployments
onsistent regulatory environment in a wide range of administrations
ssist regulators in understanding the regulatory issues associated with
femtocells
larify regulations to enable their citizens to gain full access to small cell
services, without undue delays
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
16. Some key regulatory principles
Femto cells remain under operator control,
restricting power to avoid interference
Emission levels within accepted Health & Safety guidelines
Secure mutual authentication between device and network
Tamper-proof devices with no user controls
SSeeccuurriittyy
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
LLiicceennssiinngg
No need for additional/individual licences
No terminal registration necessary (administrative burden)
Fees should be structured to allow for high density deployments
Interference
& Safety Concerns
Privacy concerns being addressed in the SCF standards activities
User opt-in required, subscriber and UE identity fully protected
Location
specific apps
17. Some Examples of Good Regulatory
Practice
EEUU Decided (in 2008) - no need for any new European regulation;
femtocells can operate under existing national licensing regimes
RRuussssiiaa Regulator simplified registration procedures (in 2010) to permit mass-market
introduction of femtocells
TTaaiiwwaann Regulator approved national telcos to supply femtocells to extend broadband provision
to the home, late last year.
UUKK Regulator removed requirement to register location of base stations, in the case of
femtocells; seen as impracticable
JJaappaann Authorities removed requirement for professional installation of femtocells;
reduced fees for multiple deployments
UUnniitteedd SSttaatteess FCC exempted femtocells from new rules to avoid interference from unlicensed
repeater devices
SSoouutthh KKoorreeaa SK Telecom authorised (in Dec 2011) to deploy integrated Femto LTE/Wi-Fi Femtocells
to extend coverage
MMaallaayyssiiaa Operators (since Mar 2012) need only pay a one-time registration fee for low power
femtocells (up to 25dBm or 36 mWatt)
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
18. Change in emphasis as small cell
technology & usage evolves
• Initial SCF policy drive – focused on low power femtocells
• No need for additional licences – operate within operator’s
spectrum, other key principles as outlined earlier
• Newer range of small cells/applications bring new opportunities &
regulatory challenges
• Complementary with WiFi, choice dependent on user profile,
service type, QoS, ...
• Small Cells help to maximise efficiency of existing spectrum
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
19. Summary
• Proliferation of Small Cells in mobile networks is expected to continue
• Many benefits to both users and operators
• Use of small cells leads to substantial spectrum capacity increases
• Data offload also eases traffic congestion in the core network
• Complementary to Wi-Fi offload
• Regulatory principles are well established for use in licensed spectrum
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
20. Small Cell Market Status
egularly updated & available for free
download from:
omprehensive overview of current and
forecast deployments of
• Femtocells
• Picocells
• Microcells
• Metrocells
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
21. Small Cell Regulatory Information
• White papers, regulatory news, position papers etc. at:
• http://www.smallcellforum.org/aboutsmallcells-regulatory
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2012
Editor's Notes The limits of ANY network design lie in SINR
Wireless compounded by limits imposed by frequency, airlink budget, ability to penetrate through construction
LTE release 8 at limits of Shannon’s law even with 64QAM
New techniques required: MIMO, coordinated multipoint, and small cells
8 square km
40,000 subscribers
4,000 data subs
Growth of 16x over 5 years, versus projected growth of 30x on average
