Co-founder and CMO Ronan Hayes delivered this presentation on how 3DPrinting will be a vital tool for developing economies

1. 3 D P R I N T I N G I N E M E R G I N G
E C O N O M I E S
Why 3D Printing Will
Build a Better World

2. “ Imagination is unleashed by
constraints, you break out of
the box by stepping into the
shackles ”
Source: John Lehrer (author)

3. V I S I O N
How can 3D Prin(ng be harnessed to
transform the lives of 2.2 billion + people
who survive on less than $3 a day ?

4. W H E R E A R E W E ?
3D Printing is accelerating
and the markets are once
again taking notice
What you already know
Investment in materials
and technology variants
We’ve had some setbacks
After widespread 3DP stock
failures, pessimism clears with
meaningful advancements
Convergence is underway
The price of affordable high
functioning consumer 3D
printers has plummeted
Source: Gartner Hype Cycle for 3D PrinEng 2015/ Technical.ly 2015
“The Next 10 years is going
To be 3DP realizing the hype”
Stage of late early adop(on
with market diversifica(on

5. #13 Space Invader
Toiler Paper holder
25 Things to Print
That are Actually Useful
Down the Hype Cycle: A
3D Printer in Every Home?
“If 3D printers are to be
taken seriously as a universal
home appliance, they need
to provide more soluEons
valuable to every home”
Click, Print, Shoot: The
First 3D Printed Gun
The G-word: SensaEonalist
media coverage painEng
public percepEon
PercepEon of the Consumer
market for 3D PrinEng
C O N S U M E R C O N F U S I O N

6. V I S I O N
How can 3D Prin(ng be harnessed to
transform the lives of 2.2 billion + people
who survive on less than $3 a day ?
- What are the key challenges?
- How can 3D PrinEng actually help ?
- What would this world look like ?

7. W H O A R E T A L K I N G A B O U T ?
15%
56%
22%
7%
Source: Pew Research Centre (2015)
*2011 PPP $
Poverty: Living on ≤ $2 daily
Low Income: $2.01 – $10 daily
Middle Income: $10.01 – $50 daily
High Income: $50.01 + daily

8. W H A T D O E S T H I S L O O K L I K E ?
1. Sub-Saharan Africa (92%)
2. South Asia / South Pacific
3. Central / South America
LOW INCOME
• Mainly highly congested urban areas
• Operate in informal and formal markets
• Own few basic consumer goods: phones/bicycles
• Semi regular income in primary industry
• Minimal level of educaEon
$3 - $5 daily
1$ - $3 daily
• Largely rural locaEons
• Informal markets
• Unreliable income
• Shortage of Basic services
POVERTY
1$ - $3 daily
• Rural, isolated
• Lack basic necessiEes
• Mortality/ diseases
• Heavy labour for lifle pay off
Source: SegmenEng the base of the pyramid (2011)

9. T H I S I S W H Y I T W I L L W O R K
DISTRIBUTION
• Broken infrastructure
• Expensive (tariffs etc.)
• Crippling lead times
• Security & finance
QUALITY
• Inferior quality products
• Poor choice, dated
• Not tailored to market
LOCAL MARKET
• Lack of local production
• No model for product design /innovation
• Poor institutional frameworks
$9.2 Billion > $1.8 Billion
Imports Exports
Source: OEC (2013)

10. M O B I L E B A N K I N G
M-PESA
KENYA 2006 KENYA 2014
30%
68%
Of adults had access
to financial services
Of adults had access
to financial services
M-PESA
• Financial Equity
• Control over assets
• Social change
• Economic growth
• Further InnovaEon
“By bypassing the
fixed cost of banking
Infrastructure, it now
becomes economic
to bank the poorest”
KENYA 2014
40% +
Of GDP processed by
the M-Pesa service
Source: Bill Gates on
the Verge 2015

11. L E S S O N S F R O M M O B I L E B A N K I N G
”SUB-SAHARAN AFRICANS ARE
THREE TIMES MORE LIKELY TO
USE MOBILE MONEY AS
EUROPEANS & AMERICANS”
1. UNRELIABLE INFRASTRUCTURE
2. UNSTABLE GOVERNMENT
3. UNDERDEVELOPING BANKING SECTOR
4. DOMINANT MOBILE PROVIDER
5. CENTRAL BANK APPROVAL
1. Weaknesses can become
strengths in the adoptaEon
of new technology with
profound societal impact
2. It’s not just about sharing the
best technology, it’s about
introducing technology in a way
that’s best for that environment
3. Differing incenEves + Widespread adopEon =
Poorest countries leapfroging developed countries

12. I T ’ S T I M E T O S T O P I G N O R I N G O N E T H I R D
O F T H E W O R L D ’ S E C O N O M Y
WHAT INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION ?
Source: OEC (2013) / PEW “A Global Middle Class is more Promise than Reality 2015” / HBR – SegmenEng the base of the Globe 2011
LEARNINGS
• The base of the pyramid
has proven profit potential
• Untapped trillion dollar
market
• Think of 3DP as the
venture capitalist
“Emerging global
middle class sEll
just a promise ”
13%

13. T Y P E S O F 3 D P S O L U T I O N S
1. First Step 3D Prin0ng Problem Solving
2. Co-opera0ve Inclusion
3. The Real Vision ( Community Model )

14. T Y P E 1 : 1 S T S T E P P R O B L E M S O L V I N G
• Minimal transfer of knowledge
• Focus on immediate impact
• Requies ongoing capital investment
These can be considered
“A Great Start” but
unlikely to create lasEng
enzymes for social change
Source: 3-D PrinEng of Open Source Appropriate Technologies for Self-Directed Sustainable Development 2010

15. T Y P E 1 : P O S I T I V E C A S E S
Simple funcEonal
tools customised
to local problems
Low cost 3D
prototyping for
tool development
FARMING
e.g.
- Corn Shelling
- Water treatment
Large scale builder 3D
printers
part or complete
structural assembly
Flexible material: soil
HOUSING
OpEmised test
design via rapid
local field tesEng
Powerful tool to
prevent disease
transmission
DISEASE
e.g.
- Vanderbilt team
prefect malaria test
e.g.
- WASP 3D Printer
- Wikihouse
DrasEcally cuung
cost of prosthethics
Enabling of child
prostheEc limbs
Customised
replacements
PROSTHETICS
e.g.
- Project Daniel (Sudan)
- e NABLE

16. T Y P E 2 : C O – O P E R A T I V E I N C L U S I O N
• Long term social/economic impact
• Targets self-sufficiency & educaEon
• Cross-cultural cooperaEon
These can be considered
“Now We’re Talking”. Clear
considera;on of opportuni;es
and challenges presented by
developing regions to reap return
Source: 3-D PrinEng of Open Source Appropriate Technologies for Self-Directed Sustainable Development 2010

17. T Y P E 2 : S E E D S O F C H A N G E
Problem solving, educaEonal
hubs with talented local
scienEsts/engineers/makers
“Appropriate technology”
Local resources
Local knowledge
Local producEon
Emerging Maker Spaces
• Innate creators
• HQ extruding
technology
• Fablab membership
• African Architecture
• WAFATE

18. F A C I N G U P T O W A S T E
Source: UN STEP IniEaEve 2014 / UN Environment Programme 2015
• Up to 90% is illegally
dumped or traded
• Countries like Ghana,
Nigeria, India, Vietnam
are new hubs
Feedstock opportunity
is real and already
happening
“Convert waste into an
abundant resource to
shape an abundant world”
• E-waste dumping
• PlasEc waste
X 10

19. T Y P E 3 : T H E R E A L V I S I O N
• “Level up”
• Self – sustaining
• Self – Directed
• True cooperaEon
• Challenge focused
Let’s call this, “I have a dream”. This
consists of Replicable community models
to unlock the vast unused poten;al
Source: 3-D PrinEng of Open Source Appropriate Technologies for Self-Directed Sustainable Development 2010
DR. JOSHUA PEARCE
OSAT 3DP

20. T H I S A L L F I T S I N 2 0 1 6
90% of Americans say
they’re more likely to
trust, stay loyal and
recommend brands
that credibly try to
make a difference
Source: Journal of Consumer Research 2015 / CONE Social Impact Study 2013 / Capital in the 21st century (2014)
Consumers go
social cause
An American
Presidential Candiate
has built his entire
campaing on inequality
3DP can be the
most effective
and innovative
technology to
change humanity
Bernie goes red

21. C O N S U M E R S A R E W A Y A H E A D
New sharing models
evolving constantly
Shapedo
Thingiverse
Grab Cad
Open source
movement thriving
“WE IS
SMARTER
THAN I”

22. P R I N T T H E D I F F E R E N C E
ronan@reflowfilament.com
Reflowfilament.com
S H A R E T H E R E V O L U T I O N
F I N D O U R P U R P O S E

23. T E A M
CEO
Jasper Middendorp
CMO
Ronan Hayes
COO
Lyndsey Lewis
Development Advisor
Melissa Menke
Chief Advisor
William Hoyle
Technical Lead
Mafhew Rogge
Business Developer
Prasanna Colluru

24. P A R T N E R S
techfortrade
UNIVERSITY of
WASHINGTON