2. Lesson 01: Introduction to Computer
OBJECTIVES:
Illustrate the computer parts and accessories and its functions
Evaluate the disadvantages of Cybercrimes
Developed the skills in manipulating the mouse and keyboard
Apply the correct methods of typing
PAGE 2
4. What is ICT?
Information Communication Technology –use of different
communication technologies such as mobile phones,
telephone, Internet, etc. to locate, save, send and edit
information.
PAGE 4
5. What is Computer?
A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data. It has
the ability to store, retrieve, and process data. You may already know that you
can use a computer to type documents, send email, play games,
and browse the Web. You can also use it to edit or
create spreadsheets, presentations, and even videos.
PAGE 5
https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/computerbasics/what-is-a-computer/1/
6. Elements of Computer
1. Hardware - refers to the physical units.
2. Software - is as vital to effective use of a computer as the hardware.
1. System Software
2. Application Software
3. Human Ware
1. Systems analyst, who studies information and processing requirements.
2. Programmer, who has a skill in writing computer instructions.
3. Computer operator, who operates the computer.
PAGE 6
7. Elements of Computer
4. User Programs - A program consists of a set of instructions to the computer
to perform operations which accomplish processing task. A data processing job
may require a number of programs
PAGE 7
https://www.businessmanagementideas.com/information-technology/elements-of-a-
computer-system-information-technology/10139
8. Type of Personal Computer
Personal Computer – a machine designed for use
at a desk, and never pushed anywhere. It has the
metal box called as system unit.
PAGE 8
Netbook PC– a compact computer which is built to
fold up like a carrying notebook.
9. Type of Personal Computer
PAGE 9
Tablet PC– a handheld device consisting of a
touch-sensitive display panel that is mounted on a
plastic tablet frame with a small computer inside.
Smartphone– a mobile phone that can run
computer application and has internet access
capability.
10. Basic Parts of the computer – Internal
PAGE 10
The motherboard is at the
center of what makes a PC
work. It houses the CPU and
is a hub that all other
hardware runs through.
11. Basic Parts of the computer – Internal
PAGE 11
The CPU (Central Processing
Unit or processor) is
responsible for processing all
information from programs
run by your computer.
12. Basic Parts of the computer – Internal
PAGE 12
also known as volatile
memory, stores data
regarding frequently
accessed programs and
processes. (It's called volatile
memory because it gets
erased every time the
computer restarts.)
13. Basic Parts of the computer – Internal
PAGE 13
The hard drive is a storage device
responsible for storing permanent and
temporary data. It is essentially
anything saved or installed to a
computer: for example, computer
programs, family photos, operating
system, word-processing documents,
and so on.
14. Basic Parts of the computer – Internal
PAGE 14
A power supply unit, commonly
abbreviated as PSU, does more than just
supply your computer with power. It is
the point where power enters your
system from an external power source
and is then allocated by the motherboard
to individual component hardware.
15. Basic Parts of the computer – Internal
PAGE 15
System Unit referred to as a box, main
unit, and system box, a system unit is the
case that contains all the main parts of a
computer.
16. Basic Computer Parts - External
PAGE 16
Mouse is a handheld
hardware.
Controls a cursor in a GUI.
Can move and select text, icons,
files, and folders on your
computer.
17. Basic Computer Parts - External
PAGE 17
a monitor is an output device that
displays video images and text.
referred to as a VDT (video
display terminal) and VDU (video
display unit)
18. Basic Computer Parts - External
PAGE 18
A computer keyboard one of the
primary input devices used with a
computer.
composed of buttons that create
letters, numbers, and symbols,
and other functions.
19. Basic Computer Parts - External
PAGE 19
A speaker is an output hardware
device that connects to a computer to
generate sound.
The signal used to produce the sound
that comes from a computer speaker
is created by the computer's sound
card.
20. Basic Computer Parts - External
PAGE 20
It is an output device that takes the
electronic data stored on a computer
or other device and generates a hard
copy.
21. DISADVANTAGES OF CYBERCRIME
CYBERCRIMES
1. Phishing/Spoofing – the act of sending multiple emails to multiple
users in hopes of having a number of them clicking on the links or malware
attached to the email.
2. Blackmail/Extortion – the act of using the internet to threaten or
damage someone’s reputation to exert money or anything else of value.
PAGE 21
22. DISADVANTAGES OF CYBERCRIME
3. Accessing Stored Communication - or hacking; the act of obtaining
unauthorized access to data from a computer network.
4. Sports Betting – the act of wagering on any sports event over the internet. In
some countries, gambling (including sports betting) is illegal even if you are
doing it over the internet.
PAGE 22
23. DISADVANTAGES OF CYBERCRIME
5. Non Delivery of Merchandise – the act of devising a scheme wherein the
culprit posts an item or service for sale on the internet and once the
transactions have been done, does not really give an item or service.
6. Electronic Harassment – the act of anonymously using the internet to harass,
abuse, threaten or annoy other people.
PAGE 23
24. DISADVANTAGES OF CYBERCRIME
7. Prostitution – the act of using the internet to engage in prostitution.
8. Drug Trafficking – the act of selling illegal substances using the internet.
9. Criminal Copyright Infringement – the act of piracy mainly for financial gain.
PAGE 24
27. Software
1. System Software
1. Operating System - "OS," is software that communicates with
the hardware and allows other programs to run.
2. Utility – a software installed with the operating system.
2. Application Software - a type of computer program that
performs a specific personal, educational, and business function.
PAGE 27
28. Computer Virus
A computer virus is a malicious piece of computer
code designed to spread from device to device. A
subset of malware, these self-copying threats are
usually designed to damage a device or steal data.
PAGE 28
29. How does a computer get a virus?
Sharing music, files, or photos with other users
Visiting an infected website
Opening spam email or an email attachment
Downloading free games, toolbars, media players and other system utilities
Installing mainstream software applications without thoroughly reading license
agreements
PAGE 29
30. How computer viruses spread?
Viruses can be spread several ways, including via networks, discs, email
attachments or external storage devices like USB sticks. Since connections
between devices were once far more limited than today, early computer viruses
were commonly spread through infected floppy disks.
PAGE 30
31. Example of Computer Virus
Worms - A worm is a type of virus that, unlike traditional viruses, usually does
not require the action of a user to spread from device to device.
Trojans - As in the myth, a Trojan is a virus that hides within a legitimate-
seeming program to spread itself across networks or devices.
Ransomware - Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts a user’s files
and demands a ransom for its return. Ransomware can be, but isn’t
necessarily, spread through computer viruses.
PAGE 31
32. Computer Virus Protection
Use antivirus protection and a firewall
Get antispyware software
Always keep your antivirus protection and antispyware software up-to-date
Update your operating system regularly
Increase your browser security settings
Avoid questionable Websites
PAGE 32
33. Computer Virus Protection
Only download software from sites you trust.
Carefully evaluate free software and file-sharing applications before
downloading them.
Don't open messages from unknown senders
Immediately delete messages you suspect to be spam
PAGE 33
