School organization

1. THE SCHOOL
AS AN
ORGANIZATION
Here starts the
lesson!

2. Objectives:
• Discuss the various organizational
leadership and management
theories;
• Discuss the organizational structure
and current educational reforms in
the Department of Education; and
• Discuss the function of school as an
educational organization.

3. The School as an Organization
School is considered as one of the major
institutions that constitute society.
It is a place where people of different ages learn
and acquire education and training in different
grade or year levels. It can be in basic education
school, technical-vocational institution or higher
education institution.

4. The establishment of an
organization became popular
and has significantly influenced
the human activities in all parts
of the world. It is evident in the
way how the current
government and private
organizations are structured
including the system on how
people will function to achieve a
specific.
• According to Kashyap (n.d.),
ever since the dawn of
civilization, people have always
formed organizations to
combine effort for
accomplishment of their
common goal.
• According to Taylor, that his
work is based on the concept of
planning of work to achieve
efficiency, specialization,
standardization, and
simplification that promotes
mutual trust between
management and workers in
order to increase productivity.
Organizational
Theories

5. 1. Science, not rule of
thumb.
3. Management and labor
cooperation rather than
conflict.
2. Scientific selection
of the worker.
4. Scientific training of
the worker.
Four (4) principles of
Scientific Management
by Taylor

6. ● Division of Work
● Authority and Responsibility
● Discipline
● Unity of Command
● Unity of Direction
● Subordinate of Individual
Interest
● Remuneration
● The Degree of
Centralization
● Scalar Chain
● Order
● Equity
● Stability of Tenure of
Personnel
● Initiative
● Esprit de Corps
Fourteen (14)
Principles
for a
successful
management
By Van
(2009)

7. Max Weber
Max Weber, he is a German
sociologist known for
beaucratic theory of
management and he is
considered as a “Father of
Sociology”.
• Mulder (2007) and
Laggard (2006) highlighted
the three types of power that
can be found in an
organization based on
Weber’s
Bureaucratic model:
1. Traditional Authority
2. Legal, rule-oriented
authority
3. Charismatic Authority

8. Mulder (2017) also articulated the
following elements that support Fayol’s
beaucratic management:
1. All regular activities within a
beauracy can be regarded as official
duties;
2. Management has the authority to
impose rules.
3. Rules can be easily respected on the
basis establish method.

9. 1. Task Specialization –
sometimes called the division of
labor wherein individual tasks are
divided into separate jobs which
allows to manage tasks easily.
2. Hierarchical of Authority -
managers are organized into
hierarchical layers, where each
layer of management is
responsible for its staff.
Salient features of Max Weber’s
beaucratic Theory highlighted by
Mulder(2017)
3. Formal selection - All
employees are selected on the
basis of technical skills and
competencies, which have been
acquired through training,
education and experience and are
paid accordingly.
4. Rules and requirements -
formal rules and requirements are
required to ensure uniformity, so
that employees know exactly what
is expected of them.

10. 5. Impersonal- Regulations and
clear requirements create distant
and impersonal relationships
between employees, with the
additional advantage of preventing
nepotism or involvement from
outsiders or politics.
6. Career orientation - Employees
of a beaucratic organization are
selected on the basis of their
expertise.

11. SCHOOL
LEADERSHI
P

12. Leadership is an essentials
factor that contributes to the
successful operation of an
organization. Therefore
leadership is considered as
vital to the effectiveness of
educational institutions.
School leaders primary
function is to take charge in
the management of the
school.
According to Christie,
Thompson and Whiteley
(2009), they believe that
getting the right people to
become school leaders is
important, and by providing
them competencies to be
there effective leaders is
critical to their professions.

13. Here’s are 3 highlighted aspects of schools
leaders role, by Christie, Thompson and
Whiteley (2009).
1. Developing a deep understanding of how to support
teacher’s.
2. Managing the curriculum in ways that promote student
learning.
3. Developing the ability to transform schools into more
effective organization to foster powerful teaching and
learning for all students.

14. Leadership is inherent to the teaching profession.
According to Jackson (cited in ASCD, 2015),
teacher leaders transcend formally defined roles in
building, which means that every teacher, any
teacher at some point of their careers become a
teacher leaders.
According to Gabriel (2005), teacher leaders
posses a semblance of authority but no formal
powers.

15. Among the roles that
teachers leaders may
assume are the
following;
• Grade Level/ Subject
Coordinator
• Department
Chair/Coordinator
• Curriculum and
Assessment Specialist
• Mentor/Coach
• Facilitator
According to
Yuki (2013),
leadership is
different from
managers.

16. Because according to him leadership can
influence the effectiveness of an organization
through the following;
The choice of objectives and strategies to
pursue;
The mutual trust and cooperation of
members;
The development of members skills and
confidence;
The shared beliefs and values of
members and so on.

17. "Becoming an effective teacher
and leader at the same time
requires passion, perseverance
and competency not just to
influence students but also to
make meaningful changes in their
lives while attending school"
EDUC 8

18. School leaders involve
various leadership styles
which include
transformational,
instructional, and
distributed leadership.

19. Instructional
Leadership
Instructional leadership
is based on three
dimensional approach which
includes defining the
school's mission managing
the instructional program
and promoting a positive
school climate Hallinger
2010, as cited in Nedelco,
2013.

20. Transformation
al
Leadership
Distributed
Leadership

21. The School as
Educational
Organization
1. Administrator/Principal
● Evaluation of teachers
● Handling students
discipline
● Hiring of teachers
● Maintaining a positive
relationship with parents,
community and the other
stakeholders.
2.Teaching personnel/Faculty
Members
● Licensed Teachers
3. Academic non-teaching
personnel
● Guards
● Librarian
● Guidance Counselors
● Maintenance Staff
4. Students
5. Community

22. REFORMS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
● RA 7722 and RA 7796-Commission on Higher Education and
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority were created.
● Department of Education Culture and Sports (DECS)-was refocused
to basic education which covers elementary, secondary, and non-
formal education, including culture and sports.
● Republic Act no. 9155 "Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001"
was passed transforming the name of DECS to the Department of
Education (DepEd).
● National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA)
● Philippine Sports

23. THE ENHANCED BASIC
EDUCATION
● According to Senate Economic Planning Office (SECO) (2011), the
Philippines, together with Djibouti, and Angola, are the only three
remaining countries in the world that retains 10-year basic education
system.
● Six reasons why the Philippines should shift to K-12.
1. The Philippines is the only country in Asia with a 10-year basic
education.
2. Poor quality of education.
3. Too many non-practical subjects.
4. Not prepared for college education.
5. Too young for labor force6. No global recognition

24. RA No. 10533
"Enhanced Basic
Education Act"-
institutionalizing the K-
12 curriculum. Salient
features of the K- 12
highlighted by DepEd:
1. Strengthening the
kindergarten in the
Philippines
2. Making the curriculum
relevant to learners
3. Building proficiency
4. Ensuring integrated and
seamless learning
5. Gearing up for the future6.
Nurturing the holistically
developed Filipino

25. INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF
KINDERGARTEN
General kindergarten program refers to the 10-month program
provided to children who are at least five years old in regular
elementary schools.
● Republic Act No. 8672 "Barangay-Level Total Protection of
Children Act of 1990“.
● Republic Act No. 8980 "Early Childhood Care and
Development Council (ECCD) Act 2001“.
● Republic Act No. 10517 "Kindergarten Education Act“.
● Republic Act No. 10410 "Early Years Act of 2013“.
● Republic Act No. 10533 "Enhanced Basic Education Act of
2012"

26. Definition of
Concepts
Mercury
Mercury is the smallest
planet
Mars
Despite being red, Mars is a
cold place
Saturn
It’s composed of hydrogen
and helium
Venus
Venus is the second planet
from the Sun

27. 10%
Despite being red, Mars
is a cold place
50%
Saturn is the ringed
planet and a gas giant
40%
Venus has a beautiful
name, but it’s hot

28. Practical Uses
of This
Subject
Mercury
Mercury is the
closest planet to the
Sun
Jupiter
It’s a gas giant and
the biggest planet

29. Did You
Know
This?
Factor 1
35%
Mercury is the
smallest one
65%
Jupiter is the
biggest one
Factor 2 Factor 3

30. Problem
Neptune is the fourth-
largest planet in the
Solar System
Solution
Jupiter is a gas giant and
the biggest planet in the
Solar System

31. Process
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4
Venus has a
beautiful name
Saturn is the ringed
planet
Mercury is the
smallest planet
Mars is a cold place

32. Insert Your
Multimedia
Content
Here
Despite being red, Mars
is actually a cold place
full of iron oxide dust

33. Overview
Diagram
30%
Mercury is
smallest one
Venus is the
second one
Mars is a cold
place
Saturn has rings

34. Locations
Mars is a cold
place
Saturn has rings

36. Data Review
Study 1 Study 2 Study 3
0.3 1.2 4.5
1.4 0.6 7.8
Study 1 Study 2 Study 3
2.5 6.9 1.6
3.5 7.7 1.8

37. Review of Concepts
Mercury
Mercury is the
Smallest planet
Venus
Venus has a
beautiful name
Mars
Mars is actually a
cold place
Jupiter
It’s a giant and the
biggest one
Saturn
Saturn is the
ringed one
Neptune
Neptune is the
farthest planet

38. Exercise
Despite being red, Mars
is actually a cold place

39. Thanks!
Do you have any questions?
youremail@freepik.com
+91 620 421 838
yourcompany.com

40. Alternative
Resources

41. Resources
VECTORS:
● Wooden background with checklist
and pen
● Open notebook with accessories
● Notebook page vector
● Collection of leaves and colored
notes
● Tablet background with hand-drawn
learning items
● Schedule with nice notes
● ets of paper with sticky tape
● Assortment of arrows highlighter
● Pack of small sticky notes in realistic
style