BA 602 Management of Information Systems Group Assignment.docx

BA 602 Management of Information Systems
Group Assignment 1: Developing IT Compliance Program
The IT compliance program cannot be conceived in isolation
and devoid of the key links
to non-IT and financial compliance. Effective IT compliance
requires an aggregate
vision and architecture to achieve compliance that goes beyond
becoming infatuated
with a given control framework.
As a group, provide a detailed plan of action based on life cycle
concepts to develop
and deploy an ongoing IT compliance process. Your plan should
provide practical
knowledge on what you should consider when developing and
implementing an IT
compliance program for key regulations such as Sarbanes-
Oxley, HIPAA, Gramm-
Leach-Bliley, PCI and others to achieve meaningful IT
governance.
Your plan should include the following:
regulatory compliance
ectiveness of
the IT Division to attain
regulatory compliance

of action that follows
a life cycle concept
and link to all
business processes (financial and non-IT) to develop an
aggregate vision of IT
compliance
initiate, plan, develop and
implement.
Timeline:
1. Part 1 Outline: Start and complete an outline of your group
project no later than
day 3 (Wednesday) of Week 2. In your outline, provide detailed
information on
how you plan to complete the project including responsibilities
assigned to each
group member. Use Power Point (10 points)
2. Part 2 Draft: Submit a draft of your group project no later
than the last day
(Sunday) of Week 2. Your draft should include individual
contributions. Each
member group must be clearly identified and the parts he/she

worked on should
be provided (20 points). Use Microsoft Word only.
3. Part 3 Final Draft: Submit final draft no later than the last
day (Sunday) of Week
5. (30 points). Your final draft is a unified copy of your daft.
Combine the
contributions from each member and produce a unified and
comprehensive
discussion. Use Microsoft Word only.
Format:
Please use APA throughout. Review your APA for additional
help on formatting, in-text
citations, referencing, etc.
Special Note: Your professor may modify the due dates for
Parts 1 and 2 based on your
required residency date. If your residency falls in week 2, Parts
1 and 2 will be
completed at the residency in week 2. If your residency is falls
in week 1, your professor
will modify the due dates Parts 1 and 2 will be completed at the
residency in week 1.

The List of Critical Commentaries on the Gospels
1. The Gospel of Mark
Edwards, James R. The Pillar New Testament Commentary: The
Gospel According to Mark. Leicester: Apollos, 2002.
France, R.T. The Gospel of Mark, The New International Greek
Testament Commentary. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans; Carlisle:
Paternoster Press, 2002.
Gaebelein, Frank E., Ed. The Expositor's Bible Commentary.
Vol 8. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1984.
Hurtado, Larry W. New International Biblical Commentary:
Mark. Peabody: Hendrickson, 1983.
Keck, Leander E., Ed. The New Interpreter's Bible. Vol 8.
Nashville, Abingdon Press, 1995.
Stein, Robert H. Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New
Testament: Mark. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2008.
2. The Gospel of Matthew
Allen, Leslie C., Ralph W. Klein, C.L. Seow, Sidnie C. White,
and Lawrence M. Wils. The New Interpreter's Bible. Volume 3.
Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1995.
Carson, D. A. — The Expositor’s Bible Commentary,
Matthew.Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1984.
Davies, W.D. and Allison, D.C.International Critical
Commentary,Matthew 1-7, Matthew 8-18, Matthew 19-28.

London; New York: T&T Clark, 1988, 1991, 1997.
France, R. T. New International Commentary on the New
Testament,The Gospel of Matthew. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
2007.
Hagner, Donald A. Word Biblical Commentary: Matthew 14-28.
Dallas: Word, Incorporated, 1995.
Keener, Craig S. A Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew.
Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999.
Luz, Ulrich. Matthew 21-28 A Commentary. Augsburg Fortress,
2005.
Morris, Leon. Pillar New Testament Commentary, The Gospel
According to Matthew. Leicester: Apollos, 1992.
Mounce, Robert H. New International Biblical Commentary.
Peabody: Hendrickson Publishers, 1991.
Turner, David L. Matthew, Baker Exegetical Commentary on
the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2008.
3. The Gospel of Luke
Fitzmyer, Joseph A. Luke 1-9, Anchor Bible Commentary
Series. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1981.
________. Luke 10-24, Anchor Bible Commentary Series.
Garden City, NY: Doubleday. 1981.
Bock, D. Luke (2 Volumes) (BECNT). Baker Books, Grand
Rapids, MI
________. Luke, The IVP New Testament Commentary Series.
Downers Grove: IVP, 1994

Stein, Robert H. The New American Commentary: Luke.
Nashville: Broadman Press, 1992.
Marshall, I. Howard. The Gospel of Luke, The New
International Greek Testament Commentary. Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 1978.
Nolland, John. Word Biblical Commentary, Volume 35a: Luke
1:1-9:20. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1999.
________. Word Biblical Commentary, Volume 35b: Luke 9:21-
18:34. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1999.
________. Word Biblical Commentary, Volume 35c: Luke 19-
24. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1999.
4. The Gospel of John
Beasley-Murray, George R. John, Word Biblical Commentary,
36. Waco, TX: Word, 1987.
Brown, Raymond Edward. The Gospel according to John. 2
vols. Anchor Bible, 29-29A. Garden City, NY: Doubleday,
1966-1970. (My preferred commentary)
Bruce, F. F. The Gospel according to John. Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 1971; rev. ed. with new title: The Gospel of John,
1983.
Keener, Craig S. The Gospel of John: A Commentary. 2 vols.
Peabody: Hendrickson, 2003. (One of the best)
Kostenberger, Andreas. John, Baker Exegetical Commentary on
the New Testament. Baker Academic, 2004

Morris, Leon. The Gospel according to John: The English Text
with Introduction, Exposition and Notes, New International
Commentary on the NT. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1971; rev. ed.
1995.
Schnackenburg, Rudolf. The Gospel according to St. John. 2
vols. Trans. by Cecily Hastings. New York: Seabury, 1980.
Talbert, Charles H. Reading John: A Literary and Theological
Commentary on the Fourth Gospel and the Johannine Epistles.
Reading the NT. London: SPCK; New York: Crossroad, 1992.
Whitacre, Rodney. John, IVP New Testament Commentary, 4.
Downers Grove: IVP, 1999.
Witherington, Ben. John's Wisdom: A Commentary on the
Fourth Gospel. Louisville, KY: Westminster /John Knox, 1995.
Prof. Kim
Turabian Style for Citing Sources - 1 -
Turabian Style for Citing Sources
A Quick Reference Guide for Students
This Guide provides examples and the basic guidelines for
citing sources on pages 1-5 following the “Notes-
Bibliography Style” in Kate L. Turabian’s A Manual for Writers
of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 7th
edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007 (especially
pages 141-215) commonly referred to as
Turabian Style. Helpful general remarks may be found on the

final page (p. 10) of this Guide.
Kate Turabian, the dissertation secretary at the University of
Chicago for over 30 years, developed her guide
for students and researchers. Her manual is based on and
extremely similar to the University of Chicago
Press’s Chicago Manual of Style.
Professors may explicitly allow the “Parenthetical Citation-
Reference List Style” (commonly called “Author-
Date”) of Turabian style, outlined on pages 216-80; see the
examples on pages 6-9 of this Guide.
Notes-Bibliography Style (Standard Format)
BOOKS
Footnote or Endnote Reference Corresponding Bibliography
Entry
Single author:
Mariah Burton Nelson, The Stronger
Women Get, the More Men Love Football:
Sexism and the American Culture of Sports (New
York: Harcourt Brace, 1994), 54.
Nelson, Mariah Burton. The Stronger Women Get, the
More Men Love Football: Sexism and the
American Culture of Sports. New York: Harcourt
Brace, 1994.
Single author of translated work:
Louis Verneuil, The Fabulous Life of Sarah
Bernhardt, trans. Ernest Boyd (Westport, CT:
Greenwood Press, 1972), 72-73.

Verneuil, Louis. The Fabulous Life of Sarah Bernhardt.
Translated by Ernest Boyd. Westport, CT:
Greenwood Press, 1972.
Two or three authors:
Ruhi Saith and Barbara Harriss-White, Gender
Sensitivity of Well-being Indicatiors (Geneva:
United Nations Research Institute for Social
Development, 1998), 199-200.
Saith, Ruhi, and Barbara Harriss-White. Gender
Sensitivity of Well-being Indicatiors. Geneva:
Development, 1998.
More than three authors or editors; editor(s) in lieu of author(s):
Barbara Fawcett, et al., eds. Practice and
Research in Social Work: Postmodern Feminist
Perspectives, (London: Routledge, 2000), 65-66.
Barbara Fawcett, et al., eds. Practice and Research in
Social Work: Postmodern Feminist Perspectives.
London: Routledge, 2000.
Corporate author within a larger organization; compilers’ names
also provided:
College Library Information Packet Committee,
College Libraries Section, Association of College
and Research Libraries, Assessment in College
Library instruction Programs, Lawrie H. Merz and
Beth L. Mark, compilers (Chicago: American
Library Association, 2002).
College Library Information Packet Committee, College
Libraries Section, Association of College and
Research Libraries. Assessment in College

Library instruction Programs, Lawrie H. Merz
and Beth L. Mark, compilers. Chicago: American
Library Association, 2002.
Resources for this Reference Guide: “Turabian and Chicago
Styles Citations” by Instructional Services, Moffitt Library,
University of
for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 7th
edition, Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 2007, esp. pp. 141-215. This Quick
Reference Guide for Students was compiled by Steven
Schweitzer,
2009, updated September 2009.
BOOKS
Entry
Undated work also lacking publisher information; and single
corporate author:
Black Panther Party. Rules (Oakland, CA, n.d.). Black
Panther Party. Rules. Oakland, CA, n.d.
ARTICLES IN PERIODICALS (Journals, Magazines,
Newspapers, Book Reviews)

Entry
Treat authors, multiple authors, editors, translators, and
corporate authors the same as books (above).
Holly J. McCammon, “‘Out of the Parlors and
on to the Streets’: The Changing Tactical
Repertoire of the U.S. Women’s Suffrage
Movements.” Social Forces 81 (2003): 787-818.
McCammon, Holly J. “‘Out of the Parlors and on to the
Streets’: The Changing Tactical Repertoire of
the U.S. Women’s Suffrage Movements,” Social
Forces 81 (2003): 787-818.
Pagination restarts with each issue within a volume:
Don Mitchell, “Iconography and Locational
Conflict from the Underside: Free Speech,
People’s Park, and the Politics of Homelessness in
Berkeley,” Political Geography 11, no. 2 (1992):
152-169.
Laurie Moses Hines, “When Parallel Paths
Cross: Competition and the Elimination of Sex
Segregation in the Education Fraternities, 1969-
1974,” History of Education Quarterly 43
(Summer 2003): 199-200.
Mitchell, Don. “Iconography and Locational Conflict
from the Underside: Free Speech, People’s Park,
and the Politics of Homelessness in Berkeley,”
Political Geography 11, no. 2 (1992): 152-169.
Hines, Laurie Moses. “When Parallel Paths Cross:
Competition and the Elimination of Sex
1974,” History of Education Quarterly 43
(Summer 2003): 196-223.

Magazines of general interest (issue date used in lieu of
volume/issue numbers):
T. Nakashima, “Concentration Camp: U.S.
Style,” New Republic, June 15, 1942, 822.
Nakashima, T. “Concentration Camp: U.S. Style,” New
Republic, June 15, 1942, 822-23.
Daily Newspaper articles:
“Q&A: Amanda E. Lewis: Stanford Fellow
Investigates ‘The Fourth R’,” San Francisco
Chronicle, March 5, 2004, E3.
News items from daily newspapers are rarely listed in a
bibliography or reference list, unless the newspaper is
referred to several times and constitutes a substantial
part of the documentation.
Non-daily Newspaper and Newsletter articles:
Liz McMillen, “Gender-bending Hyenas,”
Chronicle of Higher Education, May 3, 1996,
A13.
McMillen, Liz. “Gender-bending Hyenas,” Chronicle of
Higher Education, May 3, 1996, A12-A13.
Book Review articles:
Francille M. Firebaugh, review of The
Academic Kitchen: A Social History of Gender
Stratification at the University of California,
Berkeley, by Maresi Norad, Isis 92 (March 2001):
237.
Firebaugh, Francille M. Review of The Academic
Kitchen: A Social History of Gender

Berkeley, by Maresi Norad. Isis 92 (March
2001): 236-37.
CHAPTERS OR ESSAYS IN BOOKS
Entry
Editors of the collection of chapters are listed after the book
title, with “edited by” abbreviated to: “ed.”
Emily Zakin, “Beyond the Sexual Contract:
Traversing the Fantasy of Fraternal Alliance,” in
Between the Pysche and the Social:
Psychoanalytic Social Theory, ed. Oliver Kelley
and Steve Edwin (Lanham, MD: Rowman and
Littlefield, 2002), 161.
Zakin, Emily. “Beyond the Sexual Contract: Traversing
the Fantasy of Fraternal Alliance,” in Between
the Pysche and the Social: Psychoanalytic Social
Theory, ed. Oliver Kelley and Steve Edwin, 159-
83. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield,
2002.
POETRY, HYMNS, PUBLISHED PLAYS

Entry
Length of a poem matters for citation form. It may be treated as
its own work (long) or as an essay within a collection.
Stanzas and lines may be included.
Hymns are treated as essays within a collection. Provide person
responsible for lyrics or music, whichever is relevant.
Hamlet, Arden edition, ed. Harold Jenkins
(London: Methuen, 1982), 1.2.129-32.
Ogden Nash, “Song for Ditherers,” lines 1-4,
in I Wouldn't Have Missed It: Selected Poems of
Ogden Nash (Boston: Little Brown & Co, 1975).
“Brethren, we have met to worship” (No. 8) in
Hymnal: A Worship Book (Elgin, IL; Newton, KS;
Scottdale, PA: Brethren Press, Faith &Life Press,
Mennonite Publishing House, 1992).
Martin Luther, “A Mighty Fortress Is Our God”
(No. 75) in The Brethren Hymnal (Elgin, IL: House
of the Church of the Brethren, 1951).
Shakespeare. Hamlet, Arden edition, ed. Harold
Jenkins. London: Methuen, 1982.
Nash, Ogden. “Song for Ditherers,” in I Wouldn't Have
Missed It: Selected Poems of Ogden Nash.
Boston: Little Brown & Co, 1975.
“Brethren, we have met to worship” (No. 8) in
Hymnal: A Worship Book. Elgin, IL; Newton, KS;
Mennonite Publishing House, 1992.
Luther, Martin. “A Mighty Fortress Is Our God” (No.
75) in The Brethren Hymnal. Elgin, IL: House of
the Church of the Brethren, 1951.

WEBSITES and WEB PAGES
Entry
Insofar as possible, apply the rules and conventions for print to
web pages and websites.
Website with authors, title, series, publisher, and date (no page
numbers):
Eleanor Roosevelt, “To Undo a Mistake is
Always Harder Than Not to Create One
Originally,” Chapter 2 (“Essay”) in Confinement
and Ethnicity: An overview of World War II
Japanese American Relocation Sites (U.S.
Department of the Interior, National Parks
Services, Western Archeological Conservation
Center, 1999, revised 2000),
http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/onlinebooks/
Anthropology74/ce2.htm
(accessed March, 2004).
Roosevelt, Eleanor. “To Undo a Mistake is Always Harder
Than Not to Create One Originally,” Chapter 2
(“Essay”) in Confinement and Ethnicity: An
overview of World War II Japanese American
Relocation Sites, by J. Burton and others,
Publication in anthropology 74. U.S. Department
of the Interior, National Parks Services, Western
Archeological and Conservation Center, 1999,
(revised 2000),
http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/onlinebooks/Anthro
pology74/ce2.htm (accessed March, 2004).
Web page within a website; not dated:
Free Speech Movement Archives, “Mario

Savio’s Speech Before the FSM Sit-in”
[conclusion], (Berkeley: FSM-A, n.d.),
http://www.fsm-a.org/stacks/mario/
mario_speech.html (accessed March 22, 2004.
Free Speech Movement Archives, “Mario Savio’s Speech
Before the FSM Sit-in” [conclusion], (Berkeley:
FSM-A, n.d.), http://www.fsm-
a.org/stacks/mario/mario_speech.html (accessed
March 22, 2004.
ONLINE BOOK
Entry
Try to identify and provide elements equivalent to those used
for print publications, above.
Online reproduction of previously published book:
Emma Harding Britten, Modern American
Spiritualism: A Twenty Years’ Record of the
Communion Between Earth and the World of
Spirits (New York: The Author, 1870): 57,
Making of America Collection,
http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/ text/text-
idx?c=moa;jdno=ACM3377
(accessed March 22, 2004).
Britten, Emma Harding. Modern American Spiritualism:
A Twenty Years’ Record of the Communion
Between Earth and the World of Spirits. New
York: The Author, 1870. Making of America
Collection, http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/
text/text-idx?c=moa;jdno=ACM3377

KINDLE BOOK (Electronic Edition, without page numbers)
Entry
List chapter/section (or paragraph for an essay) within the book
and the Kindle Location number at bottom of screen:
Phyllis Trible, God and the Rhetoric of
Sexuality (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1978), Kindle
Electronic Edition: Chapter 4, Location 288-90.
Renita J. Weems, “Reading Her Way through
the Struggle: African American Women and the
Bible” in Stony the Road We Trod: African
American Biblical Interpretation, ed. Cain Hope
Felder (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1991), Kindle
Electronic Edition: Paragraph 21, Location 175-
78.
Trible, Phyllis. God and the Rhetoric of Sexuality.
Philadelphia: Fortress, 1978. Kindle Electronic
Edition.
Weems, Renita J. “Reading Her Way through the
Struggle: African American Women and the
Felder. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1991. Kindle
Electronic Edition.

ONLINE ARTICLES (Journals, Magazines, Newspapers, Book
Reviews)
Entry
Ty to identify and provide elements equivalent to those used for
print publications, above.
Journal article – online version identical to print (provide page
numbers if available; omit if not):
Kira Sanbonmatsu, “Gender Stereotypes and
Vote Choice,” American Journal of Political
Science 46 (2002), 21-22,
http://www.jstor.org/view/00925853/
sp030001/03x0054b/0#&origin=sfx%3Asfx
Sanbonmatsu, Kira. “Gender Stereotypes and Vote
Choice,” American Journal of Political Science
46 (2002): 20-34,
http://www.jstor.org/view/00925853/sp03000
1/03x0054b/0#&origin=sfx%3Asfx
Journal article – different from print version or only online
publication – without page numbers:
Edna Erez, “Domestic Violence and the
Criminal Justice System: An Overview,” Online
Journal of Issues in Nursing 7, no. 1 (January
2002),
http://www.nursingworld.org/ojin/topic17/
tpc17_3.htm (accessed March 22, 2004).

Erez, Edna. “Domestic Violence and the Criminal
Justice System: An Overview.” Online Journal of
Issues in Nursing 7, no. 1 (January 2002),
Online magazine article:
Eric Boehlert, “Watch Your Mouth,” Salon,
March 19, 2004,
http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2004/03/1/f
cc/ (accessed March 22, 2004).
Boehlert, Eric. “Watch Your Mouth,” Salon, March 19,
2004,
http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2004/03/1/
fcc/ (accessed March 22, 2004).
Newspaper article online:
Tanya Schevitz, “Berkeley Parents Reinvent
School: Charter Program to Focus on Ability
Rather Than Age,” San Francisco Examiner,
January 18, 1995, Wednesday; fourth edition,
http://web.lexis.nexis.com/universe/document?_
m=5b8lf9bb972aef2e8ed34751f6d3002f&_doc
num=16&wchp=dGLbVlbzSkVA&_md5=a7ced4
0274180aa4a3ac6bed4cd2a53a (accessed
March 22, 2004).
News items from daily newspapers are rarely listed in a
bibliography or reference list, unless the newspaper is
referred to several times and constitutes a substantial
part of the documentation.
Online Book Review article – online without print equivalent:
Jay MacDonald, “Fantastic Voyage: Jasper
Fforde Takes Readers on a Witty, Wild Ride,”

review of The Well of Lost Plots, by Jasper
Fforde, Bookpage: America’s Book Review
(2004), http://www.bookpage.com/0403bp/
jasper_fforde.html (accessed March 22, 2004).
MacDonald, Jay. “Fantastic Voyage: Jasper Fforde
Takes Readers on a Witty, Wild Ride,” review of
The Well of Lost Plots, by Jasper Fforde.
Bookpage: America’s Book Review (2004),
http://www.bookpage.com/0403bp/
Unpublished Sources
Entry
Key elements: speaker(s), title, event (and organization),
location, date.
Papers and Lectures Presented at Meetings:
Brian Doyle, “Howling Like Dogs:
Metaphorical Language in Psalm 59” (paper
presented at the annual international meeting
for the Society of Biblical Literature, Berlin,
Germany, June 19–22, 2002).
Doyle, Brian. “Howling Like Dogs: Metaphorical
Language in Psalm 59.” Paper presented at the
annual international meeting for the Society of
Biblical Literature, Berlin, Germany, June 19–22,
2002.

Interviews:
Nancy D. Morganis, interview by author, July
16, 1996, Fall River, MA, tape recording.
Morganis, Nancy D. Interview by author, July 16, 1996,
Fall River, MA. Tape recording.
Classroom Discussion:
Jane Smith, class lecture [discussion],
Introduction to Hebrew Bible course, September
8, 2007, Bethany Theological Seminary,
Richmond.
Smith, Jane. Class lecture [discussion], Introduction to
Hebrew Bible course, September 8, 2007,
Bethany Theological Seminary, Richmond.
Email communication:
John Doe, e-mail message to author, October
31, 2005.
Doe, John. E-mail message to author, October 31, 2005.
Visual and Performing Arts
Entry
location, date.
Musical Scores, Theater, Dance:
Dave Matthews Band, “Don’t Drink the
Water,” Before These Crowded Streets, CD Track
4, RCA, 1998.
Birdie Blue, by Cheryl L. West, directed by
Seret Scott, Second Stage Theater, New York,

June 22, 2005.
Dave Matthews Band. “Don’t Drink the Water.” Before
These Crowded Streets. CD Track 4. RCA. 1998.
West, Cheryl L. Birdie Blue. Directed by Seret Scott.
Second Stage Theater, New York, June 22, 2005.
Painting, Sculptures, Photographs:
Georgia O’Keeffe, The Cliff Chimneys, 1938,
Milwaukee Art Museum.
Michelangelo, David, 1501-4, Galleria
dell’Accademia, Florence.
Ansel Adams, “North Dome, Basket Dome,
Mount Hoffman, Yosemite,” ca. 1935,
Smithsonian American Art Museum,
Washington, DC.
O’Keeffe, Georgia. The Cliff Chimneys, 1938, Milwaukee
Art Museum.
Michelangelo, David, 1501-4, Galleria dell’Accademia,
Florence.
Adams, Ansel. “North Dome, Basket Dome, Mount
Hoffman, Yosemite,” ca. 1935, Smithsonian
American Art Museum, Washington, DC.
Movies, Television Programs, Radio:
George Morfogen and Blain Novak, prods.,
They All Laughed (New York: Time Life Films,
1981).
Seinfeld, “The Opposite,” episode 86,
September 22, 2005 (originally aired May 19,
1994).

House, M.D., “House vs. God,” episode 41
[season 2, episode 19], September 29, 2008
(originally aired April 25, 2006).
All Things Considered, NPR, April 20, 2006.
Morfogen, George, and Blain Novak, prods., They All
Laughed (New York: Time Life Films, 1981).
Seinfeld. “The Opposite,” episode 86, September 22,
2005 (originally aired May 19, 1994).
House, M.D. “House vs. God,” episode 41 [season 2,
episode 19], September 29, 2008 (originally aired
April 25, 2006).
All Things Considered. NPR, April 20, 2006.
Parenthetical Citations-Reference List (Author-Date/In-Text)
Style Examples
The simple pattern for Parenthetical in text Citation is:
(Author’s Last Name date, page number). The simple
difference between the Reference List and the Bibliography
form is placement of the date in the entry.
Multiple entries for the same author in the same year are treated
as follows: (Smith 2001a) (Smith 2001b)
and so on.
BOOKS
Parenthetical in text Citation Corresponding Reference List
Entry
Single author:
(Nelson 1994, 54). Nelson, Mariah Burton. 1994. The Stronger

Women
Get, the More Men Love Football: Sexism and
the American Culture of Sports. New York:
Harcourt Brace.
Single author of translated work:
(Verneuil 1972, 72-73). Verneuil, Louis. 1972. The Fabulous
Life of Sarah
Bernhardt. Translated by Ernest Boyd. Westport,
CT: Greenwood Press.
Two or three authors:
(Saith and Harriss-White 1998, 199-200). Saith, Ruhi, and
Barbara Harriss-White. 1998. Gender
Sensitivity of Well-being Indicatiors. Geneva:
Development.
More than three authors or editors; editor(s) in lieu of author(s):
(Fawcett et al. 2000, 65-66). Barbara Fawcett, et al., eds. 2000.
Practice and
Research in Social Work: Postmodern Feminist
Perspectives. London: Routledge.
Corporate author within a larger organization; compilers’ names
also provided:
(College Library Information Packet Committee,
College Libraries Section, Association of College
and Research Libraries 2002).
College Library Information Packet Committee, College
Libraries Section, Association of College and

Research Libraries. 2002. Assessment in College
Library instruction Programs, Lawrie H. Merz
and Beth L. Mark, compilers. Chicago: American
Library Association.
BOOKS
Entry
Undated work also lacking publisher information; and single
corporate author:
(Black Panther Party n.d.). Black Panther Party. n.d. Rules.
Oakland, CA.
ARTICLES IN PERIODICALS (Journals, Magazines,
Newspapers, Book Reviews)
Entry
(McCammon 2003, 787-818). McCammon, Holly J. 2003. “‘Out
of the Parlors and on
to the Streets’: The Changing Tactical
Repertoire of the U.S. Women’s Suffrage
Movements.” Social Forces 81: 787-818.
Pagination restarts with each issue within a volume:
(Mitchell 1992, 152-169).
(Hines 2003, 199-200).
Mitchell, Don. 1992. “Iconography and Locational
Conflict from the Underside: Free Speech,
People’s Park, and the Politics of Homelessness

in Berkeley.” Political Geography 11, no. 2:
152-169.
Hines, Laurie Moses. 2003. “When Parallel Paths Cross:
Competition and the Elimination of Sex
1974.” History of Education Quarterly 43
(Summer): 196-223.
Magazines of general interest (issue date used in lieu of
volume/issue numbers):
(Nakashima 1942, 822). Nakashima, T. 1942. “Concentration
Camp: U.S.
Style.” New Republic, June 15: 822-23.
Book Review articles:
(Firebaugh 2001, 237). Firebaugh, Francille M. 2001. Review of
The Academic
Kitchen: A Social History of Gender
Berkeley, by Maresi Norad. Isis 92 (March): 236-
37.
CHAPTERS OR ESSAYS IN BOOKS
Entry

Editors of the collection of chapters are listed after the book
title, with “edited by” abbreviated to: “ed.”
(Zakin 2002, 161). Zakin, Emily. 2002. “Beyond the Sexual
Contract:
Traversing the Fantasy of Fraternal Alliance,” in
Between the Pysche and the Social:
Psychoanalytic Social Theory, ed. Oliver Kelley
and Steve Edwin, 159-83. Lanham, MD:
Rowman and Littlefield.
POETRY, HYMNS, PUBLISHED PLAYS
Entry
Length of a poem matters for citation form. It may be treated as
its own work (long) or as an essay within a collection.
Stanzas and lines may be included.
Hymns are treated as essays within a collection. Provide person
responsible for lyrics or music, whichever is relevant.
(Hamlet 1.2.129-32).
(Nash “Song for Ditherers,” lines 1-4).
(“Brethren, we have met to worship”).
(Luther, “A Mighty Fortress Is Our God”).
Shakespeare. 1982. Hamlet, Arden edition, ed. Harold
Jenkins. London: Methuen.
Nash, Ogden. 1975. “Song for Ditherers,” in I
Wouldn't Have Missed It: Selected Poems of
Ogden Nash. Boston: Little Brown & Co.
“Brethren, we have met to worship.” 1992. (No. 8) in
Hymnal: A Worship Book. Elgin, IL; Newton, KS;

Mennonite Publishing House, 1992.
Luther, Martin. “A Mighty Fortress Is Our God.” 1951.
(No. 75) in The Brethren Hymnal. Elgin, IL:
House of the Church of the Brethren.
WEBSITES and WEB PAGES
Entry
Insofar as possible, apply the rules and conventions for print to
web pages and websites.
Website with authors, title, series, publisher, and date (no page
numbers):
(Roosevelt 2000).
Roosevelt, Eleanor. 2000. “To Undo a Mistake is
Always Harder Than Not to Create One
Originally,” Chapter 2 (“Essay”) in Confinement
and Ethnicity: An overview of World War II
Japanese American Relocation Sites, by J.
Burton and others, Publication in anthropology
74. U.S. Department of the Interior, National
Parks Services, Western Archeological and
Conservation Center,
http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/onlinebooks/Anth
ropology74/ce2.htm (accessed March, 2004).
Web page within a website; not dated:

(Free Speech Movement Archives n.d.). Free Speech Movement
Archives, “Mario Savio’s
Speech Before the FSM Sit-in” [conclusion],
(Berkeley: FSM-A, n.d.), http://www.fsm-
a.org/stacks/mario/mario_speech.html (accessed
March 22, 2004.
ONLINE BOOK
Entry
Online reproduction of previously published book:
(Britten 1870, 57).
Britten, Emma Harding. Modern American Spiritualism:
A Twenty Years’ Record of the Communion
Between Earth and the World of Spirits. New
York: The Author, 1870. Making of America
Collection, http://www.hti.umich.edu/cgi/t/
text/text-idx?c=moa;jdno=ACM3377
KINDLE BOOK (Electronic Edition, without page numbers)
Entry
List chapter/section (or paragraph for an essay) within the book
and the Kindle Location number at bottom of screen:

(Trible 1978, Kindle Electronic Edition: Chapter 4,
Location 288-90).
(Weems 1991, Kindle Electronic Edition:
Paragraph 21, Location 175-78).
Trible, Phyllis. 1978. God and the Rhetoric of Sexuality.
Philadelphia: Fortress. Kindle Electronic Edition.
Weems, Renita J. 1991. “Reading Her Way through
the Struggle: African American Women and the
Felder. Minneapolis: Fortress. Kindle Electronic
Edition.
ONLINE ARTICLES (Journals, Magazines, Newspapers, Book
Reviews)
Entry
Ty to identify and provide elements equivalent to those used for
print publications, above.
Journal article – online version identical to print (provide page
numbers if available; omit if not):
(Sanbonmatsu 2002, 21-22). Sanbonmatsu, Kira. 2002. “Gender
Stereotypes and
Vote Choice,” American Journal of Political
Science 46: 20-34,
http://www.jstor.org/view/00925853/sp03000
1/03x0054b/0#&origin=sfx%3Asfx
Journal article – different from print version or only online
publication – without page numbers:

(Erez, 2002). Erez, Edna. 2002. “Domestic Violence and the
Criminal
Justice System: An Overview.” Online Journal of
Issues in Nursing 7, no. 1 (January),
Online magazine article:
(Boehlert 2004). Boehlert, Eric. 2004. “Watch Your Mouth,”
Salon,
March 19,
http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2004/03/1/
fcc/ (accessed March 22, 2004).
Online Book Review article – online without print equivalent:
(MacDonald 2004). MacDonald, Jay. 2004. “Fantastic Voyage:
Jasper
Fforde Takes Readers on a Witty, Wild Ride,”
review of The Well of Lost Plots, by Jasper
Fforde. Bookpage: America’s Book Review,
http://www.bookpage.com/0403bp/
Unpublished Sources
Entry

location, date.
Papers and Lectures Presented at Meetings:
(Doyle 2002). Doyle, Brian. 2002. “Howling Like Dogs:
Metaphorical
Language in Psalm 59.” Paper presented at the
annual international meeting for the Society of
Biblical Literature, Berlin, Germany, June 19–22.
Interviews:
(Morganis 1996). Morganis, Nancy D. 1996. Interview by
author. Fall River,
MA. Tape recording. July 16.
Classroom Discussion:
(Smith, 2007). Smith, Jane. 2007. Class lecture [discussion],
Introduction
to Hebrew Bible course, Bethany Theological
Seminary, Richmond. September 8.
Email communication:
(Doe, October 31, 2005, e-mail message to
author).
Doe, John. 2005. E-mail message to author, October 31.
Visual and Performing Arts
Entry
location, date. These require more information for the “in text”
citation.

Musical Scores, Theater, Dance:
(Dave Matthews Band, “Don’t Drink the Water,”
Before These Crowded Streets, CD Track 4, RCA,
1998).
(Birdie Blue, by Cheryl L. West, directed by Seret
Scott, Second Stage Theater, New York, June 22,
2005).
Dave Matthews Band. 1998. “Don’t Drink the Water.”
Before These Crowded Streets. CD Track 4. RCA.
West, Cheryl L. Birdie Blue. 2005. Directed by Seret Scott.
Second Stage Theater, New York, June 22.
Painting, Sculptures, Photographs:
(Georgia O’Keeffe, The Cliff Chimneys, 1938,
Milwaukee Art Museum).
(Michelangelo, David, 1501-4, Galleria
dell’Accademia, Florence).
(Ansel Adams, “North Dome, Basket Dome,
Mount Hoffman, Yosemite,” ca. 1935,
Smithsonian American Art Museum,
Washington, DC.).
O’Keeffe, Georgia. 1938. The Cliff Chimneys. Milwaukee
Art Museum.
Michelangelo, David. 1501-4. Galleria dell’Accademia,
Florence.
Adams, Ansel. ca. 1935. “North Dome, Basket Dome,
Mount Hoffman, Yosemite,” Smithsonian
American Art Museum, Washington, DC.
Movies, Television Programs, Radio:

(Morfogen and Novak, They All Laughed. New
York: Time Life Films, 1981).
(Seinfeld, “The Opposite,” episode 86,
September 22, 2005 [originally aired May 19,
1994]).
(House, M.D., “House vs. God,” episode 41
[season 2, episode 19], September 29, 2008
[originally aired April 25, 2006]).
(All Things Considered, NPR, April 20, 2006).
Morfogen, George, and Blain Novak, prods., 1981. They
All Laughed (New York: Time Life Films, 1981).
Seinfeld. “The Opposite,” episode 86, September 22,
2005 (originally aired May 19, 1994).
House, M.D. “House vs. God,” episode 41 [season 2,
episode 19], September 29, 2008 (originally aired
April 25, 2006).
All Things Considered. NPR, April 20, 2006.
Turabian Style Rules Governing the Examples Above
t clearly identify the work’s
author and title, its publisher, and date of
publication. For online publications, add elements stating where
you retrieved the document and the
date accessed, if required.

en elements
in references in bibliographies. A colon
separates titles from subtitles, the place of publication from the
publisher name, and volume information
from page numbers for journal articles. Quotation marks are
used around article and chapter titles.
first letter of all significant words in titles and
subtitles of works and parts of works such as articles or
chapters.
ations. Use “ed.” or “trans.” for “editor” or “edited
by” or translator” or translated by.”
“University” may be abbreviated to “Univ.” Months may be
abbreviated. States may be abbreviated. Be
consistent.
tively
throughout your paper, beginning with one.
Format is the same for endnotes and footnotes. Endnotes follow
the body of the paper and precede any
appendices and the bibliography. Use superscript for endnote
and footnote numbers in the text and at
the beginning of each note.
last name is inverted (last name first). First
names should usually be provided when available. List all
authors’ names in a bibliography. Corporate
names as authors are written out.
is generally sufficient. Give the city and state

or country if the city is not well known for publishing or is
ambiguous.
me. Common
names may be shortened (e.g., Eerdmans,
Macmillan).
publication for books and most published
works follows the publisher name. For articles, it is part of the
volume and issue number statement
(below). If there is no date available, use: “n.d.”
pagination throughout a volume, provide
only the volume number and year. If each issue begins/restarts
with page 1, follow the volume number
with the issue number identified by “no” or its name, for
example: 38, no. 2 (1993): 12-17.
parts of print resources as much as possible.
When in doubt, avoid italics and quotation marks and give as
much information as may be useful. Too
much is better than too little.
o Authors of web pages. If no readily apparent, try to find and
provide the name(s) of authors or
corporate author(s) responsible for the content. The objective is
to attribute the content and to tell
you reader who provided the information. It is better to explain
web pages without apparent
authorship than to provide insufficient information, leaving
your reader wondering.
o URL. Always provide the URL if web-based. Break URLs

between lines only after a /.
o Dates for electronic resources. Include the date you accessed
this website parenthetically at the end,
for example: (accessed March 19, 2004).
o Pagination in electronic resources. When citing an online
publication with an equivalent print
version, try to obtain and provide the page numbers used in the
print version. In documents without
page numbers, add a descriptive locator such as section heading
or whatever is need to allow your
reader to find the resource.
resources, especially for standardized abbreviations:
o SBL Handbook of Style: for Ancient Near Eastern, Biblical,
and Early Christian Studies. Patrick
Alexander, et al., eds. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1999.
7.3 Special Examples (pp. 55-61)
8.2 Abbreviations: Bible Texts, Versions, Etc. (pp. 71-73);
compare Turabian, 7th ed., pp. 340-43.
8.3 Abbreviations: Primary Services (OT, NT, Apocrypha, OT
Pseudepigrapha, Dead Sea Scrolls, Philo,
Josephus, Rabbinic Literature, Apostolic Fathers, NT
Pseudopigrapha, Ancient Texts (pp. 73-84)
8.4 Abbreviations: Secondary Sources [Journals, Book Series]
(pp. 89-152)
8.Appendix A: Capitalization and Spelling Examples (pp. 153-
164)
8.Appendix H: Greek and Latin works and their Abbreviations
(pp. 237-263)
o “Student Supplement for The SBL Handbook of Style.”

Compiled by Melanie Greer Nogalski, et al.
Revised Feb 2009 [PDF, available on the Bethany website].
rams: Zotero [Firefox Plug-in],
Endnote, Nota Bene, Sente, Mellel.
Favorite NT Commentaries
From a post by Dr. Andreas Kostenberger* on
biblicalfoundations.org
Used with permission
One of the most frequently asked questions I receive is, "What
are the commentaries you recommend for serious study of the
New Testament?" At long last, I have compiled my list. Subject
to further editing, it will appear in a forthcoming hermeneutics
text, Invitation to Biblical Interpretation, due out in the
Invitation to Theological Interpretation Series in a couple years.
In the meantime, here is the list:
Matthew
Blomberg, Craig L. Matthew. NAC. Nashville: Broadman, 1992.
Carson, D. A. "Matthew." EBC 8. Grand Rapids: Zondervan,
1984, 3-599.
Davies, W. D. and Dale C. Allison. A Critical and Exegetical
Commentary on the Gospel according to Saint Matthew. ICC. 3
vols. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1989, 1991, 1997.
Hagner, Donald A. Matthew. 2 vols. WBC. Dallas: Word, 1993,
1995.
Keener, Craig S. A Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew.

Wilkins, Michael. Matthew. NIVAC. Grand Rapids: Zondervan,
2004.
Mark
Evans, Craig A. Mark 8:27-16:20. WBC. Nashville: Thomas
Nelson, 2001.
France, R. T. The Gospel of Mark: A Commentary on the Greek
Text. NIGTC. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002.
Garland, David E. Mark. NIVAC. Grand Rapids: Zondervan,
1996.
Guelich, Robert A. Mark 1-8:26. WBC. Dallas: Word, 1989.
Gundry, Robert H. Mark: A Commentary on His Apology for
the Cross. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1993.
Lane, William L. Commentary on the Gospel of Mark. NICNT.
Luke
Bock, Darrell L. Luke. 2 vols. BECNT. Grand Rapids: Baker,
1994, 1996.
Fitzmeyer, Joseph A. The Gospel According to Luke. AB. 2
vols. New York: Doubleday, 1981-85.
Green, Joel B. The Gospel of Luke. Rev. ed. NICNT. Grand
Rapids: Eerdmans, 1997.
Marshall, I. Howard. Commentary on Luke. NIGTC. Grand
Nolland, John. Luke. WBC. 3 vols. Dallas: Word, 1990-93.

John
Carson, D. A. The Gospel According to John. PNTC. Grand
Keener, Craig S. The Gospel of John: A Commentary. Peabody,
MA: Hendrickson, 2003.
Kostenberger, Andreas J. John. BECNT. Grand Rapids: Baker,
2004.
Morris, Leon. Commentary on the Gospel of John. Rev. ed.
NICNT. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.
Ridderbos, Herman N. The Gospel of John: A Theological
Commentary. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1997.
Acts
Barrett, C. K. A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the
Acts of the Apostles. ICC. 2 vols. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark,
1994-98.
Bock, Darrell L. Acts. BECNT. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007. [to
be released later this year]
Bruce, F. F. Commentary on the Book of Acts. Rev. ed. NICNT.
Fitzmyer, Joseph A. The Acts of the Apostles. AB New York:
Doubleday, 1999.
Longenecker, Richard N. "Acts." EBC 9. Grand Rapids:
Zondervan, 1981, 207-753.
Romans
Cranfield, C. E. B. A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on
the Epistle to the Romans. ICC. 2 vols. Edinburgh: T. & T.

Clark, 1975-79.
Dunn, James D. G. Romans. WBC. 2 vols. Dallas: Word, 1988.
Moo, Douglas J. The Epistle to the Romans. NICNT. Grand
Schreiner, Thomas R. Romans. BECNT. Grand Rapids: Baker,
1998.
Wright, N. T. "The Letter to the Romans." New Interpreter's
Bible. Nashville: Abingdon, 2002, Vol. 10, 393-770.
1 Corinthians
Barrett, C. K. A Commentary on the First Epistle to the
Corinthians. Harper's New Testament Commentary. New York:
Harper, 1968.
Blomberg, Craig L. 1 Corinthians. NIVAC. Grand Rapids:
Zondervan, 1994.
Fee, Gordon D. The First Epistle to the Corinthians. NICNT.
Garland, David E. 1 Corinthians. BECNT. Grand Rapids: Baker,
2003.
Thiselton, Anthony C. The First Epistle to the Corinthians: A
Commentary on the Greek Text. NIGTC. Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 2000.
2 Corinthians
Barnett, Paul. The Second Epistle to the Corinthians. NICNT.
Garland, David E. 2 Corinthians. NAC. Nashville: Broadman &

Holman, 1999.
Hafemann, Scott J. 2 Corinthians. NIVAC. Grand Rapids:
Zondervan, 2000.
Harris, Murray, J. The Second Epistle to the Corinthians.
NIGTC. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2005.
Martin, Ralph P. 2 Corinthians. WBC. Waco: Word, 1986.
Galatians
Bruce, F. F. Galatians. NIGTC. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1982.
Dunn, James D. G. The Epistle to the Galatians. HNTC.
Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1993.
Fung, R. Y. K. The Epistle to the Galatians. NICNT. Grand
George, Timothy. Galatians. NAC. Nashville: Broadman &
Holman, 1994.
Hays, Richard B. "The Letter to the Galatians." New
Interpreter's Bible. Nashville: Abingdon, 2000, Vol. 11, 181-
348.
Longenecker, Richard N. Galatians. WBC. Dallas: Word, 1990.
Ephesians
Best, Ernest. A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on
Ephesians. ICC. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1998.
Bruce, F. F. The Epistles to the Colossians, to Philemon, and to
the Ephesians. NICNT. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1984.
Hoehner, Harold W. Ephesians: An Exegetical Commentary.

Grand Rapids: Baker, 2002.
Lincoln, A. T. Ephesians. WBC. Dallas: Word, 1990.
O'Brien, Peter T. The Letter to the Ephesians. PNTC. Grand
Philippians
Bockmuehl, Markus. The Epistle to the Philippians. Black's NT
Commentaries. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1998. Paperback
edition New York: Continuum, 2006.
Fee, Gordon D. Philippians. NICNT. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
1995.
Hawthorne, Gerald. Philippians. WBC. Rev. and exp. by Ralph
P. Martin. Nashville: Nelson, 2004.
O'Brien, Peter T. The Epistle to the Philippians. NIGTC. Grand
Silva, Moise. Philippians. BECNT. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2005.
Thielman, Frank. Philippians. NIVAC. Grand Rapids:
Zondervan, 1995.
Colossians and Philemon
Bruce, F. F. The Epistles to the Colossians, to Philemon, and to
the Ephesians. NICNT. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1984.
Dunn, James D. G. Epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon:
A Commentary. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1998.
Garland, David E. Colossians and Philemon. NIVAC. Grand
Rapids: Zondervan, 1998.

Martin, Ralph P. Colossians and Philemon. New Century Bible.
O'Brien, Peter T. Colossians, Philemon. WBC. Waco, TX:
Word, 1982.
Wright, N. T. The Epistles of Paul to the Colossians and to
Philemon. TNTC. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1986.
1&2 Thessalonians
Bruce, F. F. I and II Thessalonians. WBC. Waco, TX: Word,
1982.
Green, Gene. The Letters to the Thessalonians. PNTC. Grand
Marshall, I. Howard. I and II Thessalonians. New Century
Bible. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1983.
Morris, Leon. The First and Second Epistles to the
Thessalonians. Rev. ed. NICNT. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1991.
Wanamaker, Charles A. The Epistles to the Thessalonians.
NIGTC. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1990.
1&2 Timothy, Titus
Johnson, Luke Timothy. Letters to Paul's Delegates: 1 Timothy,
2 Timothy, Titus. New Testament in Context. Valley Forge, PA:
Trinity Press International, 1996.
Knight, George W. III. The Pastoral Epistles. NIGTC. Grand
Kostenberger, Andreas J. "1 and 2 Timothy, Titus." EBC. Rev.
ed. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2006, 487-625.

Marshall, I. Howard. The Pastoral Epistles. ICC. Edinburgh: T.
& T. Clark, 1999.
Mounce, William D. Pastoral Epistles. WBC. Nashville: Thomas
Nelson, 2000.
Quinn, Jerome D. and William C. Wacker. The First and Second
Letters to Timothy. ECC. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000.
Towner, Philip H. The Letters to Timothy and Titus. NICNT.
Hebrews
Attridge, Harold. The Epistle to the Hebrews. Hermeneia.
Philadelphia: Fortress, 1989.
Bruce, F. F. The Epistle to the Hebrews. NICNT. Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 1990.
Ellingworth, Paul. The Epistle to the Hebrews. NIGTC. Grand
Hagner, Donald A. Hebrews. NIBC. Peabody, MA:
Hendrickson, 1990.
Lane, William L. Hebrews. WBC. 2 vols. Dallas: Word, 1991.
James
Davids, Peter H. Commentary on James. NIGTC. Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 1982.
Johnson, Luke Timothy. The Letter of James. AB. New York:
Doubleday, 1995.
Martin, Ralph P. James. WBC. Waco, TX: Word, 1988.

Moo, Douglas J. The Letter of James. PNTC. Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 2000.
Richardson, Kurt. James. NAC. Nashville: Broadman &
Holman, 1997.
1&2 Peter, Jude
Bauckham, Richard J. Jude, 2 Peter. WBC. Waco, TX: Word,
1983.
Davids, Peter H. The First Epistle of Peter. NICNT. Grand
Jobes, Karen H. 1 Peter. BECNT. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2005.
Grudem, Wayne A. The First Epistle of Peter. TNTC. Grand
Michaels, J. Ramsey. 1 Peter. WBC. Waco, TX: Word, 1988.
Moo, Douglas J. 2 Peter and Jude. NIVAC. Grand Rapids:
Zondervan, 1996.
Schreiner, Thomas R. 1, 2 Peter and Jude. NAC. Nashville:
Broadman & Holman, 2003.
1-3 John
Akin, Daniel L. 1, 2, 3 John. NAC. Nashville: Broadman &
Holman, 2001.
Bruce, F. F. The Epistles of John. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
1979.
Kruse, Colin G. The Letters of John. PNTC. Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 2000.

Marshall, I. Howard. The Epistles of John. NICNT. Grand
Smalley, Stephen S. 1, 2, 3 John. WBC. Waco, TX: Word, 1984.
Stott, John R. W. The Epistles of St. John. Rev. ed. TNTC.
Thompson, Marianne Meye. 1-3 John. IVPNTC. Downers
Grove: InterVarsity, 1992.
Revelation
Aune, David E. Revelation. WBC. 3 vols. Nashville: Thomas
Nelson, 1997, 1998.
Beale, G. K. The Book of Revelation. NIGTC. Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 1999.
Ladd, George Eldon. A Commentary on the Revelation of John.
Mounce, Robert H. The Book of Revelation. Rev. ed. NICNT.
Osborne, Grant R. Revelation. BECNT. Grand Rapids: Baker,
2001.
NOTE
For further recommendations see D. A. Carson, New Testament
Commentary Survey. 6th ed. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007.
* Dr. Kostenberger is a professor at Southeastern Baptist
Theological Seminary, Wake Forest, North Carolina. Also see
his article Helpful Reference Tools for Biblical Studies.

NBST 515
Biographical Study – Bibliography Grading Rubric
NBST 515
Scholarly Sources versus Popular Sources
Many have trouble distinguishing between scholarly sources and
popular sources in research. Often, below the graduate level, a
habit of using light popular treatments of a topic for essays and
school projects is formed. Also, worldly ideas about relativism
and inclusiveness have influenced Christians more than
realized. Sometimes it seems bad to make any distinction
between scholarly and non-scholarly work. Many believe that
the only valid distinction is between works that are biblical and
works that are not. This leads to problems with papers, with
grades, and with the overall quality of education received.
Scholarly sources are written by specialists in the field. Popular
sources are written by pastors and evangelists who are
generalists, because of the nature of their ministries.
Scholarly sources consider the topic fairly and objectively, most
often from an academic perspective. Popular sources can be
either devotional (encouraging Christians to live for Christ) or
polemical (advocating the author’s point of view using rhetoric
rather than reason). Either way, the popular source covers a
topic very lightly.
Scholarly sources include documentation such as footnotes or
endnotes. Popular sources normally do not bother with such
matters.
Scholarly sources consider a matter in some detail. Popular
sources offer a quick overview of the matter.
Scholarly sources use language that is at least somewhat formal
and objective. The goal is precision in expressing the exact

truth of a matter. Popular sources use language that is friendly
and familiar and makes an appeal to the reader. Precision and
formality are not important.
Scholarly sources often look “plain” in terms of the page layout,
book cover, etc., since they focus on the ideas themselves.
Popular sources often use creative fonts, sidebars, colorful
bindings, etc. to appeal to the eye and draw in the reader.
Popular sources are not necessarily bad in terms of intended
purpose. In fact, the best popular sources are written by pastors
or specialists who have done the hard work of scholarly reading
and research. They have taken solid information and distilled it
down so it will appeal to laymen.
If you try to use light and easy reading produced by popular
writers, you will do two things:
1. Write a shallow paper that will not be backed up well and
which will not get a good grade, and
2. Deny yourself the opportunity to deeply explore the truth in
the area of your topic. Thus, you will have a solid argument to
give the people to whom you minister. If you do the deeper
reading required of a good paper, you will be able to recall what
you learned even years later and to make it simple, clear, and
relevant to the people who will hear you preach and teach.
Seek out and use the best scholarly sources for your paper, even
though they are often less fun to read and less interesting than
the popular sources. You owe it to yourself and the people to
whom you minister, both now and in coming years, to do the
hard scholarly work while you are in seminary.

BA 602 Management of Information Systems Group Assignment.docx

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to BA 602 Management of Information Systems Group Assignment.docx

Similar to BA 602 Management of Information Systems Group Assignment.docx (20)

More from rock73

More from rock73 (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

BA 602 Management of Information Systems Group Assignment.docx