Final internship-report on the networking department of the internet service provider. (BIM) (TU)

1. APPROVAL SHEET

2. DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the internship report entitled "An Internship report on
Networking (L1) at classic tech pvt.ltd.” submitted to Office of the Dean, Faculty of
Management, Tribhuvan University is my original work done in the form of partial
fulfillment of requirements for the Bachelor of Information Management (BIM) under
the supervision of “Mr.Abhimanu Yadav”. This work is an independent work. The
help taken from the other people has been mentioned on the acknowledgment. Any
part of this report and the report as a whole therefore has not been submitted or
published for the academic award of any other university or academic institutions.
Rishi Ram Khanal
Roll No: 6317/15
TU Reg. No.: 7-2-0360-0070-2015

3. i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thank Mr.Abhimanu Yadav (Supervisor) and Mr. Mr. Kamal
Acharya (Coordinator) and Mr. Ramesh Pandey (Principal) for all their help and
support. For their guidance and constant supervision regarding the report.
Also I would express my deepest thanks to Mr. Sunder Singh (Support Team
Leader) and Roshan Sapkota (Former BIM Student) for taking part in useful
decision & giving necessary advices and guidance and arranged all facilities to make
internship easier. I choose this moment to acknowledge his contribution gratefully.
Rishi Ram Khanal (7136/15)
College of Applied Business
Bachelor of Information Management

4. ii
ABSTRACT
Growing demand for high speed internet is the primary driver for the new access
technologies which enable experiencing true broadband. It leads telecommunication
operators to seriously consider the high volume roll-out of optical fiber based access
networks. It is a well-known fact that the optical fiber as a telecommunications
medium is faster than the copper wire, because it uses light instead of electricity for
data transmission. The transmission network of the FTTH is based in fiber optic
technology and in microwave technology.
The project emphases on implementation of fiber optics in Nepal. In the current
infrastructure of Nepal, the main access network is based in copper wires. This
infrastructure is a limiting factor in achieving delivery of multimedia services. In their
efforts to keep the leading position in the competitive market of telecommunications
services in Nepal, companies involved in providing telecommunications services are
making efforts in implementing the strategy for technological development which
imply application of FTTH technology in order to provide various multimedia
services to the users without degradation. This project presents the current
architecture of optical fibers in Nepal and the implementation of FTTH technology.
This project also analyses all the advantages and disadvantages of using different
FTTH architectures in Nepal.
Rishi Ram Khanal
Roll no: 6317/15
T.U. Registration no.: 7-2-0360-0070-2015
September, 2019

5. iii
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1: Organizational Char 12
Figure 4.1: POP Architecture 15
Figure 4.2: BGP Architecture 16
Figure 4.3: Sequence Diagram 17
Figure 4.4: Activity Diagram 18
Figure 4.5: Network Design 19
Figure 4.6.Network Design of Company 19
Figure 4.7 Fiber connection using MC on both sides 20
Figure 4.8: Fiber connection using OLT device and ONU device 20
Figure 4.9:Huwai Router 21
Figure 4.10: Media Converter 21
Figure 4.11 Cisco Switch 22
Figure 4.12: Wireless Onu device configuration 23
Figure 4.13: Ubiquiti Device Configuration 24
Figure 4.14: Air Control 0 24
Figure 4.15: Accessing the switch 25
Figure 4.16: Detail information about the port of the switch 25
Figure 4.17: Port refreshes command 26
Figure 4.18: Confirmation of the connectivity 26
Figure 4.19 Remote configuration of Client Network 26

6. iv
Figure 4.20 Current Network Statuses 28

7. v
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1 Duration of Internship 3
Table 1.2 Gantt chart 3

8. vi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
BGP Border Gateway Protocol
FTTH Fiber-to-the Home
GIS Geographical Information System
GPON Gigabit Passive Optical Network Internet protocol
IBM International Business Machine
ICT Information and Communication Technologies
MAC Media Access Control
MC Media Converter
NITC National Information Technology center
NSP Network Service Provider
NTA Nepal Telecommunications Authority
OLT Optical Line Terminal
ONT Optical Network Terminal
ONU Optical Network Unit
OSPF Open Shortest Path First
PME Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation
PoE Power over Ethernet Access Point
PON Point of Network
POP Point of Presence
PPPO Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
QA Quality Assurance
QOS Quality of Service
RDBMS Relational Database Management System
SoH0 Service of Home and Office

9. TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL SHEET......................................................................................................i
DECLARATION ...........................................................................................................ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..............................................................................................i
ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................ii
LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................... iii
LIST OF TABLES.........................................................................................................v
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.......................................................................................vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................i
CHAPTER ONE............................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................1
1.1 Background of the Study.................................................................................1
1.2 Objectives of the Study ...................................................................................1
1.3 Methodology ...................................................................................................2
1.3.1 Organization Selection.............................................................................2
1.3.2 Placement.................................................................................................2
1.3.3 Duration ...................................................................................................2
1.3.5 Gantt Chart....................................................................................................3
1.3.6 Activities.......................................................................................................4
Limitation...................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER TWO ...........................................................................................................5

10. INTRODUCTION OF INDUSTRY..............................................................................5
2.1 Introduction to IT Industry..............................................................................5
2.2 History of IT in Nepal.....................................................................................5
2.3 Present Situation..............................................................................................6
2.4 IT policy in Nepal ...........................................................................................7
2.5 Importance of IT..............................................................................................7
2.6 Challenges and Opportunities .........................................................................8
CHAPTER THREE .......................................................................................................9
INTRODUCTION OF THE ORGANIZATION...........................................................9
3.1 Introduction to Classic Tech Pvt. Ltd..............................................................9
3.2 Objective of Organization...............................................................................9
3.2.1 Mission of Organization .................................................................................10
3.2.2Vision of Organization.....................................................................................10
3.3 Service and Types..............................................................................................10
3.3.1 Corporate Internet .......................................................................................10
3.3.2 Dark Core...............................................................................................10
3.3.3 Dark Center Solutions.................................................................................11
3.3.4 SoHo Internet..............................................................................................11
3.3.5 Air-Max Internet ....................................................................................11
3.3 Organization Structure ..................................................................................12
CHAPTER FOUR........................................................................................................13

11. ANALYSIS OF ACTIVITIES.....................................................................................13
4.1 Brief Description of Activity Done....................................................................13
4.1.1 Network device troubleshoot......................................................................13
4.1.2 Ticket Handling ..........................................................................................13
4.1.3 Web based application................................................................................13
4.1.4 Installing network structure ........................................................................13
4.2 Basic Functionalities of the System...................................................................14
4.2.1 POP Architecture ...................................................................................15
4.2.2 BGP Archictecture......................................................................................16
4.2.3 Sequence Diagram of System .....................................................................16
4.2.4 Activity Diagram of Task flow and system ................................................18
4.2.5 Network design of company.......................................................................19
4.2.6 Fiber connection using MC on both sides...................................................20
4.2.7 Fiber connection using OLT and ONU device ...........................................20
4.3 Devices Used .....................................................................................................21
4.4 Snap Shots of Activity Done..............................................................................23
4.4.1 Wireless Onu device configuration.............................................................23
4.4.2 Wireless Device Configuration...................................................................23
4.4.3 Air Control 0...............................................................................................24
4.4.4 Testing.........................................................................................................25
4.4.5 Remote configuration of Client Network ...................................................26

12. 4.4.6 Current Network Statuses ...........................................................................28
4.5 Limitation of the System / Organization............................................................29
CHAPTER FIVE .........................................................................................................30
5.1 Conclusion .........................................................................................................30
5.2 Lesson Learnt.....................................................................................................30
5.3Recommendation To Organization.....................................................................31
5.4 Recommendation To Internship Program..........................................................31
Bibliography

13. 1
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Bachelor of Information Management is special purpose program which main theme
is to develop result oriented Information Technology (IT) professionals today’s
business environment depends on the Management and IT. BIM program helps to
gain knowledge and enhance capabilities in both of these sectors i.e. IT and
Management, for which I am interested too. So BIM became my first priority for
higher education.
An internship consists of an exchange of experience between the student and an
organization. Students can also use an internship to determine if they have an interest
in a particular career, create a network of contacts. Some interns find permanent, paid
employment with the organizations for which they worked. This can be a significant
benefit to the employer as experienced interns often need little or no training when
they begin regular employment.
As a part of BIM program, the college under Tribhuvan University authorizes the
internship program with the motive of blending theoretical knowledge to practical
experience. I accomplished this internship program at Classic Tech Pvt. Ltd. As
stipulated by the University, the duration of internship was two months
1.2 Objectives of the Study
The objective of the internship is to experience real working experience of the
networking and ISP in Nepal. The specific objectives of internship are:
 To troubleshoot the problems faced by the customers.
 To configure the different types of routers.
 To register the problem faced by the customers by creating the tickets.
 To know the issue like PON down, AP down, fiber breakage and deliver this
information to the client.

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1.3 Methodology
The data needed to prepare this report has been collected from both primary and
secondary sources.
1. Primary Data Source
Primary data has been collected through unstructured personal interviews and
discussions with officials of Classic Tech Pvt. Ltd.
2. Secondary Data Source
The secondary data have been collected through Classic Tech’s official website, and
others related report topic.
1.3.1 Organization Selection
Selection of organization for the internship program is always a crucial task. Being an
IT student, I am interested in networking. As an intern I wanted to be in the
organization where my interest will be fully appreciated. So, I select Classic Tech as
my destination.
1.3.2 Placement
In Classic Tech, I was place at “L1 Associate” under customer service- Technical
Department and given a task to troubleshoot problems that the clients were facing. I
got prospect to engage in following task:
 Field Support
 Phone Support
 Retail Support
1.3.3 Duration
The requirement duration of internship for BIM, affiliated to Tribhuvan University,
demands the time span of eight weeks. So, I worked for following time frame:

15. 3
Department Network (L1)
Start Date 15-Baisakh-2076
End Date 15-Sharvan-2076
Total Duration 12 Weeks
Working Hours 8 hours per day
Working days (week) 6 days of a week
Table: 1.1 Duration of Internship
1.3.5 Gantt Chart
Activities Weeks of Internship
1
st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
Observation
and identify
error
Create ticket
Troubleshoot
Switch
handling
Table 1.2 Gantt chart

16. 4
1.3.6 Activities
During internship period list of activities performed are as follows:
 Verify that the client’s internet is really not working.
 Identify the type of link.
 Identify the client’s location.
 Preparing required tools for troubleshoot.
 Provide effective troubleshoot and solution to the client.
 Report the number of tasks completed and incomplete as well.
 Inform every staffs that the client’s problem is solved by creating notes on
ticket and closing the ticket.
 If the client’s problem is unsolved, inform everyone that client’s problem is
still unsolved by creating notes on ticket.
The tools used for performing these activities are:
 Portal database for searching Clients details
 Open-Source Ticket Request System (OTRS)
 Nagios network host to look over network
 Air-Control to check AP
Limitation
Every study has some limitations. The following are the major limitations of the
study:
 The main limitation is the time factor. Due to this, Intern has not been able to
use optimum ability and capacity on many other major Tasks.
 Difficulties to adjust in new and working environment at beginning period of
time.

17. 5
CHAPTER TWO
INTRODUCTION OF INDUSTRY
2.1 Introduction to IT Industry
Information Technology (IT) covers a broad spectrum of hardware and software
solutions that enable organizations to gather, organize, and analyze data that helps
them achieve their goals. It also details technology-based workflow processes that
expand the capacity of an organization to deliver services that generate revenue. The
four main focuses of IT personnel are business computer network and database
management, information security, business software development, and computer
tech support.
The Information Technology (IT) is the application of computers and
telecommunication equipment to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data, often in
the context of a business or other enterprise.
The term is commonly used as a synonym for computers and computer networks, but
it also encompasses other information distribution technologies such as television and
telephones. Several industries are associated with Information Technology (IT),
including computer hardware, software, electronics, semiconductors, internet, e-
commerce, telecom equipment computer services.
Based on the storage and processing technologies employed, it is possible to
distinguish four distinct phases of IT development: pre-mechanical, mechanical,
electromechanical and electronic. This article focuses on the most recent period
(electronic), which began in about 1940.
2.2 History of IT in Nepal
In the context of Nepal, first internet was experienced in 1980s. At 1993s, the internet
was introduced by the MOC (Mercantile office system) for mailing only and was free
for the first year. And later, MOC also introduced the internet communication with
the speed of 9.6 kbps. At 1998, it then introduced the internet using the VSAT
technology which was better and fast communication. Then, later many ISPs were
established to provide the internet facility focusing in the customer service.

18. 6
The Internet Service Provider Association Nepal (ISPAN), established in 1998, is a
non-profit oriented organization with the mission to promote and develop the internet
in Nepal. ISPAN had originally started activities when the ISPs like Mercantile,
World Link, CCSL, HTP, ENET came together with the purpose of making the
Internet affordable to local community's ad penetrate in the rural areas and is now
continuous dialogues with Ministry of Information and communication, Nepal
Telecommunication Authority, Nepal Telecommunications
ISPAN continuous its endeavor to take of various issues that affect the
implementations of the ISPAs project and monitor the policies related to Internet
Industry through the interaction government, other Industry associations, and national
/international bodies.
There are many ISPs in Nepal which provide the Internet facility as well as the cable
channel to the customer. Some ISPs provide the internet only via a fiber optics and
wireless technology whereas some provides the Internet as well as cable channel to
the customer as their services. ISPAN is also successful in establishing the Internet
Exchange later. Then onwards, various ISPs are established to provide the internet
facilities in a rapid way.
2.3 Present Situation
Nepal is relatively new to the world of technology. The era of technology started in
Nepal with the arrival of second generation IBM 1401 Mainframe computers which
were primarily used for census calculation. Few decades after, Mercantile Computers
was established and with it, came the internet. Though the development of technology
is accelerating, it still isn’t enough to catch up to other nations. Currently, there are
many technological establishments in Nepal the trend only seems to be growing.
Different software and IT companies are starting to make an impact on global scale
and well as many students of engineering are inspired to establish their own business
startups. Currently there are over 20 ISPs in Nepal and about 6 telecom companies
which shows a promising future for internet and mobile network connections.
Nepal is also improving in the technological gadget field. Smartphone, laptop and
tablet users of Nepal have access to latest hardware and software to stay up to date

19. 7
and number of authorized dealers also increasing. The youths of Nepal are also
interested in making money through internet. Some of the websites and apps designed
by Nepal are gaining popularity in the international market. (Sansar, 2015)
There is a gradual shift for traditional market visit to online shopping, payment of
money through e-sewa, online banking, need of apps by many small and large scale
companies to operate their businesses. Most offices throughout the nation have
electronic attendance system. Almost all business and organizations now have a
website, so in the near future, all information will be digitized and will be easier.
2.4 IT policy in Nepal
 To declare information technology sectors a prioritized sector.
 To follow a single-door system for the development of information
technology.
 To prioritize research and development of information technology.
 To create a conducive environment that will attract investment in the private
sector,
 Keeping in view the private sector's role in the development of information
technology.
 To provide internet facilities to all Village Development committees of the
country in phases.
 To render assistance to educational institutions and encourage native and
foreign training as a necessity of fulfilling the requirement of qualified
manpower in various fields pertaining to information technology.
 To computerize the records of each governmental office and build websites for
them for the flow of information.
 To increase the use of computers in the private sector.
2.5 Importance of IT
 Development of the national economy.
 IT policy of the government.
 Infrastructure (electricity and communication network supplies).
 Costs of telephone service, electricity, Internet services and hardware.
 Increased literacy.
 IT is the creation of new and interesting jobs. Computer programmers,
System analyzers, Hardware and Software developers and Web designers

20. 8
are just some of the many new employment opportunities created with the
help of IT.
 Information technology is used for storing, protecting, processing,
securing, transmitting, receiving and retrieving information.
2.6 Challenges and Opportunities
Some challenges are:
 Network security is by far the greatest concern for many companies.
 Insufficient allocation of Budget.
 Not sufficient manpower for developing IT industry.
 Skilled manpower is outsourcing to other countries.
Some opportunities are:
 Technological advances had resulted in dramatically lowering costs of
electronics.
 Borderless world as a result of globalization.
 New applications have given rise to new ways of entertainment (i.e. online
gaming) and socialization (i.e. chat rooms).

21. 9
CHAPTER THREE
INTRODUCTION OF THE ORGANIZATION
3.1 Introduction to Classic Tech Pvt. Ltd
Classic Tech a licensed Internet Service Provider (ISP) and Network Service Provider
(NSP) that was formed in July 2009 and has since shown the fastest growth and
attained a high level of customer confidence to become the preferred and the leading
ISP/NSP in Nepal. This milestone has been achieved through a focused and dedicated
approach to provide an efficient and unmatched level of customer support.
We are entirely focused on the effective customer support and service mechanism.
Since customer satisfaction is our first priority we have put into effect to be a better
service provider using the latest technology under supervision of its excellently
experienced engineers serving our large number of customers. We are constantly
developing our team to generate innovative packages and provide new and affordable
product and service to our valuable customers creating even more compelling
arguments for our existence.
With our inclination towards the motto of “when speed and reliability matter”, we aim
to provide reliable services that are carefully analyzed while meeting the actual
demand of the customers. Our main strategy is to have best people, best equipment’s,
and follow global standards to establish our company on a global market to
understand the customer’s need and provide the best solutions and service as per
clients requirement.
3.2 Objective of Organization
 Internet availability and reach ability in rural areas.
 Provide reliable internet service to the customers.
 Generate employment opportunities (directly/ indirectly).
 Develop the interests of ISP/NSP.
 Collaboration and associate with related National and International
Organization for an update in technologies and latest practices.

22. 10
3.2.1 Mission of Organization
Our mission is to innovate and to provide quality network services that realize the
demand of various users. We pledge to develop most reliable and affordable services
in the hands of our customers, hence empowering the nation.
3.2.2Vision of Organization
Our Vision is to provide quality internet and network service with higher speed and
greater reliability. Responsive customer support with value added service that
provides complete satisfaction to our customer is our thirst and also the endeavor of
Classic Tech.
3.3 Service and Types
The types and services that are provided by Classic Tech are as follows:
3.3.1 Corporate Internet
Classic Tech corporate package is suitable for large corporate houses and huge
enterprises that require an uncompromised quality and reliable internet connectivity
while integrating and adding other services within a package as required. Some of the
highlights of the customization flexibility within this package are:
 Static IP with Public IP block range (if required) via L3 network.
 Secondary link for redundancy with automatic failover.
 Server hosting ability.
 Customized bandwidth provisioning.
 Prompt responses and customized Service-Level agreement (SLA).
 Symmetric upload and download.
3.3.2 Dark Core
Dark Core fiber is the ideal choice for companies that are growing quickly and
need to manage scalability for point to point connections. It offers a secure and

23. 11
cost-effective solution that enables enterprises to maintain complete control of
their network with virtually-unlimited bandwidth availability. Dark Core fiber
is also good for companies who need to manage the technology evolution on
their high bandwidth data connections.
3.3.3 Dark Center Solutions
Classic Tech has its own separately build a server friendly data center which
provides physical co-location services, Dedicated servers on lease. Some of
the services that it provides are as follows:
 Server Hosting and Leasing
 Hosting Solutions
 Physical server co-location
3.3.4 SoHo Internet
Classic Tech Small Office and Home Office (SoHo) package is designed for
home or small offices who are looking for quality internet services at
affordable price.
3.3.5 Air-Max Internet
Due to the diverse in geo-graphical area of Nepal, Classic Tech has provides
its customer with the wireless technology as well with the better services and
speed.

24. 12
3.3 Organization Structure
Figure 3.1: Organizational Chart

25. 13
CHAPTER FOUR
ANALYSIS OF ACTIVITIES
4.1 Brief Description of Activity Done
The activities that are done during two months internship are as follows:
4.1.1 Network device troubleshoot
Resetting and configuration device for basic troubleshooting. In slow case,
ping test is done in command and flushing DNS. Checking the device whether
it works or not. Different band router, switch, repeater etc. are troubleshooter.
Different brands like Huawei, Microtek, Digicom, TP link etc.
4.1.2 Ticket Handling
Tickets are the most when it comes to inform all the staffs about the solved
and unsolved problems. Tickets are visible to each and every staff so that they
can know that if a particular client’s problem is solved or still exists. OTRS is
a web-based application used for ticketing.
4.1.3 Web based application
Web based applications like Portal, Air 1, Air 0, OTRS are used for
effectiveness. The portal is an online database where the information of each
and every client and employees is stored. Air 1 and Air 0 are used to monitor
the wireless device of the client. OTRS is used to create tickets for clients
solved and unsolved problems. Nagios is network map where every POP
network down and up is shown. Zimbra is used for employees email service.
4.1.4 Installing network structure
Installing new network structures at schools, small offices, homes, enterprise
etc. ClassicTech has many clients who need the service of NSP so installing
and designing networks architecture for the company and their branches. It

26. 14
helps to have stable interconnection between many different devices and
companies’ brand.
4.2 Basic Functionalities of the System
 Portal: It is an online database for each and every customer where we can
search for different clients and get there each and every detail.
 Nagios: It is an open source computer- software application and monitors
systems, networks and infrastructures. Nagios offers monitoring and alerting
services for servers, networks and infrastructures. Nagios offers monitoring
and alerting services for servers, switches application and services.
 OTRS: Open Source Ticket Request System is what helps us to create tickets
which helps notify for each and every problem and the problems that are
solved.
 Air Control 1: It helps in finding out the status of the AP’s in different
location. It also shows the number of wireless clients associated in different
AP’s.
 Air Control 0: It helps us to virtually open clients UBNT devices so that we
can configure their devices and solve their problem.
 PoE Adapters: PoE stands for Power over Ethernet, is a standardized systems
which passes the electric along with data on twisted pair Ethernet cabling.
 Fiber Media Converter: A fiber media converter is a simple networking
devices that makes it possible to connect two dissimilar media types such as
twisted pair with fiber optic cabling.
 Fiber Optic Splitter: A fiber optic splitter, also known as beam-splitter, is
based on quartz subtract of an integrated waveguide optical power distribution
device.
 Ubquity Devices: These devices (also known as airs) are developed by the
Ubiquity networks for wireless internet access.

27. 15
4.2.1 POP Architecture
Figure 4.1 POP Architecture
POP architecture, shows the point-to-point connection:
An Internet point of presence is an access point to the Internet. It is a physical location
that houses servers, routers, ATM switches and digital/analog call aggregators. It may
be either part of the facilities of a telecommunications provider that the Internet
service provider (ISP) rents or a location separate from the telecommunications
provider. ISPs typically have multiple PoPs, sometimes numbering in the
thousands.[citation needed] PoPs are also located at Internet exchange points and
collocation centers.
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a standardized exterior gateway protocol designed
to exchange routing and reach ability information among autonomous systems (AS)
on the Internet. exterior gateway protocol designed to exchange routing and
reachability information among autonomous systems (AS) on the Internet The
protocol is often classified as a path vector protocol but is sometimes also classed as a
distance-vector routing protocol . The Border Gateway Protocol makes routing
decisions based on paths, network policies, or rule-sets configured by a network
administrator and is involved in making core routing decisions.

28. 16
4.2.2 BGP Archictecture
BGP may be used for routing within an autonomous system. In this application it is
referred to as Interior Border Gateway Protocol, Internal BGP, or iBGP. In contrast,
the Internet application of the protocol may be referred to as Exterior Border Gateway
Protocol, External BGP, or EBGP
Figure 4.2: BGP Architecture
BGP Architecture represents the Border Gateway Protocol exterior gateway protocol
designed to exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous
systems (AS) on the Internet.
Most Internet service providers must use Border Gateway Protocol to establish
routing between one another (especially if they are multihomed). Compare this with
Signaling System 7 (SS7) which is the inter-provider core call setup protocol on the
PSTN. Very large private IP networks use BGP internally. An example would be the
joining of a number of large OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) networks.
4.2.3 Sequence Diagram of System

29. 17
Figure 4.3: Sequence Diagram of ticket handling

30. 18
4.2.4 Activity Diagram of Task flow and system
Client calls for Internet Problem
CSR finds out the exact issue
Verify the issue is solved and
close the ticket
Move the ticket to field support
Field support solve the problem
Verify the issue is solved and close the
ticket
Create ticket and record the problem
[If problem not solved. No]
[Yes.Solved through call]
Figure 4.4: Activity Diagram of task flow

31. 19
4.2.5 Network design of company
The Network design of company is as follow.
Figure 4.5: Network design
Figure 4.6: Network Design of Company

32. 20
4.2.6 Fiber connection using MC on both sides
Following is the figure of the fiber connection using on the both client and
POP side.
Figure 4.7: Fiber connection using the mc on both sides
4.2.7 Fiber connection using OLT and ONU device
Following is the Figure of Fiber connection using OLT and ONU
device.
Figure 4.8: Fiber connection using OLT device and ONU device.

33. 21
4.3 Devices Used
Figure 4.9: Huawei Router
A router is an electronic device and/or software that connect at least two networks and
forwards packets among them according to the information in the packet headers and
routing tables. Routers are fundamental to the operation of the Internet and other
complex networks (such as enterprise-wide networks).
Routers can connect networks using different media and architectures. They do not
care about the type of data they handle, and they thus perform very little filtering of
data, except for broadcasts.
Figure 4.10: Media Converter

34. 22
A fiber media converter is a simple networking device that makes it possible to
connect two dissimilar media types such as twisted pair with fiber optic cabling. They
were introduced to the industry in the 1990s, and are important in interconnecting
fiber optic cabling-based systems with existing copper-based, structured cabling
systems. They are also used in metropolitan area network (MAN) access and data
transport services to enterprise customers.
Fig 4.11: Cisco Switch
A network switch is a multiport network bridge that uses hardware addresses to
process and forward data at the data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. Some
switches can also process data at the network layer (layer 3) by additionally
incorporating routing functionality. Such switches are commonly known as layer-3
switches or multilayer switches.

35. 23
4.4 Snap Shots of Activity Done
4.4.1 Wireless Onu device configuration
Wireless onu devices are different from the traditional routers. The wireless
onu can directly connect to the optic fiber cable rather than an Ethernet. The
client’s router is configured according to their location and preferred settings.
Figure 4.12: Wireless Onu device configuration
4.4.2 Wireless Device Configuration
The Ubnt devices are on the client side of the network. The function of the
ubnt device is to catch wireless signals and send it through the POE to the
router of the client.

36. 24
Figure 4.13: Ubiquiti Device Configuration
4.4.3 Air Control 0
It helps us to virtually open clients UBNT devices so that we can configure
their devices and solve their problem.
Figure 4.14: Air Control 0

37. 25
4.4.4 Testing
For the testing, the command line interface was used and various tools were
used for testing purpose such as Putty application.
Figure 4.15: Accessing the switch
Figure 4.16: Detail information about the port of the switch
Above figure displays the information about the status of the clients connected to that
switch. Here, each port’s corresponding client status is displayed along with the
VLAN assigned.

38. 26
Figure 4.17: Port refreshes command
The above figure displays the command for the refresh of the specific port.
Figure 4.18: Confirmation of the connectivity
4.4.5 Remote configuration of Client Network
Figure 4.19: Remote configuration of Client Network
Figure displays the detail profile of the client which enables to configure the client
network remotely. The profile consists of all the attributes that are required for the
smooth running of the network. The profile displays the following information’s:

39. 27
 Clients personal information’s
 Clients Subscriptions
 Basic profile information of Client
 Account details of the Clients
 Service Usage by the client Operations available for the clients are:
 Pay Bill(Recharge)
 Edit User Details
 Change Expiry Date
 Send Email to
Information’s Available for Clients
 Usage
 Contact Details
 Change Log
 Financial Detail
 User Map
 Switch Detail
 Usage Graph
 Switch Details

40. 28
4.4.6 Current Network Statuses
Figure 4-20: Current Network Status
Figure displays the status of the host and services. The Current Network Status
displays the list of the available Host and their status presenting whether the hosts are
On. The Current Network Status consists of following:
 Current Status
o Tactical overview
o Map

41. 29
o Host
o Services
o Host Groups
 Summary
 Grid
o Service Groups
o Problems
 Services (Unhandled)
 Host (Unhandled
4.5 Limitation of the System / Organization
Since we are working in the field of ICT, everything has to be obsolete so fast. We
need to up to date in the field of technologies. For the time being there are very short
list of limitations:
We always get busy with the field work and without any training we couldn’t know
the problem or how to design a system.
We had to learn ourselves most by going through papers, video tutorials and we had
to solve problems by ourselves incase unknown error is occurred.
Due to lack of communication between the manager and the customer we had to go
through many problems.

42. 30
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Conclusion
Classic Tech Pvt. Ltd. Is the leading Internet Service Provider today in the field of
ICT. It is also known as the largest ISP in the Nepal. It has gained its high status
through continuous development, proper management and quality of service. It has a
high customer satisfaction rate due to its dedicated hardworking and friendly
employees. It was an honor working amongst the best people in the country at what
they do and in company recognized for so long as brand. The intern’s expectations
were more than fulfilled as the advanced working methodology, planning, scheduling
and implementations of some the highly rated networking services.
This report is based on the information obtained, lessons learnt and tasks performed
during the three months internship period. It was an implementation of the knowledge
gained in four year of BIM. The report provides some information regarding the IT
performed in the organization. The report also provides some information regarding
the IT industry of Nepal and the company’s activity working in field.
This internship program proved to be a great opportunity for me to develop my
networking skills as well as it has provided me many experiences on Networking as
well as support in ISP i.e. Classic Tech. It gave me great opportunity as well as
developed networking skills necessary to success in challenging and competitive job
environment.
5.2 Lesson Learnt
From the successful completion of this internship, I had a vision that the internship
program provides the platform to gain the practical experience that the student learned
at the classroom at the real-world timing. The internship program was such a fruitful
that it provides the opportunity to improve the skills and knowledge and also helps to
work with the large group of people in team work. During the internship period, the
working mechanism of the fiber and wireless were known. Similarly, the knowledge

43. 31
about the wireless and fiber internet access was known in details with its mechanism
and implementation. During the internship period, I also learnt to configure the
various home routers making them primary and secondary use. I also learnt the
working mechanism of the ISP. And I also learnt that the speed of fiber optic internet
is much faster than that of the wireless device. But on the other hand, wireless internet
is better than that of the fiber optic where there is more external aspects that affect the
internet such a breakage of wire due to external factors. Since, wireless is less affected
by the external factors than fiber connection.
5.3Recommendation To Organization
Today the world is comprised with latest technology, and it’s very difficult for the
country like us to get access with these latest technologies. Similarly, in my
organization also we do have devices but we couldn’t get the training from our
supervisors instead we had to learn ourselves. As the internees have only theoretical
knowledge, the organization should understand that they need time to time guidance
and supervision. As the caterpillar struggles to change into butterfly so are the
internees who are still students struggling to change into professionals. Hence, the
internees may be treated as the professional workers of the organization, but they are
still students learning to gain practical knowledge as they lack real world knowledge
and practical implementation of the theoretical knowledge that they have gained in the
academic institute.
5.4 Recommendation To Internship Program
The current trend of internship at the end of course has been very useful for every
students which they will be experiencing the future job experience. This internship
has helped to boost the level of confidence and helps us to guide better future. But,
there are some lack of efforts in adding essential courses which don’t fulfill the
current market requirements. The University should select the courses that fulfill the
current market requirements that would help the students to qualify themselves in the
practical implications as well. They should do some research and update the courses
as per the global environment Addition in practical skills is also very important which
wasn’t sufficient to us so these practical skills will add some extra knowledge and
helps in understanding easily when we go to real scenario.

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