Cloud Computing Models and Services

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© 2016 IBM Corporation
TPDEV
UPMC STL M2 – 2015/2016
Jean-Yves B. Rigolet
IBM Cloud, France Lab
rigolet.j@fr.ibm.com
Vous avez dit Cloud ? aaS ?

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Agenda
 Today's IT challenges
 Cloud service models
 Hybrid cloud
 Empowering development teams

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Transaction Systems
1960- 1990- 2010-
Web, e-business & SOA
New Era Analytics
Platforms
 Dedicated systems
 Single database
 Managed one
solution
 Multiple applications
 Some shared data
 Post processing
in warehouses
 Batch processing
 Time to business action
 Interconnected solutions
 Action taken immediately
at real time speeds
 User device capability &
variety growing exponentially
 Infrastructure stressed
with volume and velocity of
data
 Open innovation
 Unpredictable workload
patterns
 Strategic and tactical
differentiator
Time
Major shifts in computing architectures over 50 years

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200 Billion
Smarter
Physical Assets
Physical assets with IT
intelligence
1.2 Billion
Boundless
Infrastructures
Consumers will
have SmartPhones
67%
Unpredictable
Data Flows
of IT traffic will be
Cloud-based
60,000
Expanding
risk & cost
Cyber attacks
every day
Today's challenging IT context

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Available
capacity
Development lifecycle
Development
need
Unagile
teams
Unused
resources
Risks
Used
capacity
Software delivery has its own challenges

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Characteristics
Deployment models
Service layers
NIST* Definition
"Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand
network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g.,
networks, servers, storage, applications and services) that can be rapidly provisioned
and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction."
*NIST - National Institute of Standards and Technology (US govt agency)
On demand self-service
Broad network access
Resource pooling
Rapid elasticity
Measured service Public cloud
Private cloud
Hybrid cloud
Business Process as a Service
Software as a Service
Platform as a Service
Infrastructure as a Service
What is cloud computing?

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What is cloud, and what is the value?
Virtualization
– Higher utilization
– Economy of scale benefits
– Lower capital expense
Standardization
– Easier access
– Flexible pricing
– Reuse and share best practices and corporate
standards
– Easier to integrate
Automation
– Faster cycle times
– Lower operating expense
– Optimized utilization
– Improved compliance
– Optimized security
– End user experience

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Companies need an affordable entry point for cloud
Goals:
Provide agile service delivery that caters to
changing business needs.
We know virtualization helps reduce capital
expense but how do I control my
operational cost?
Need to increase the performance,
utilization, reliability and scalability of IT
resources while reducing IT complexity
Ability to expand capabilities
Organizations need a low-cost, low-risk entry point to cloud computing
technology with compelling features that achieves their business goals.
VISIBILITY CONTROL AUTOMATION

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Agenda
 Hybrid cloud

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Benefits
Fully customizable.
Few limitations.
Necessary for some solutions.
Existing Investments.
Time Commitment
Weeks to setup and deploy.
Maintenance/upgrades of hardware and
software.
~ Weeks ~ Days
Code
Data
Runtime
Middleware
OS
Virtualization
Servers
Storage
Networking
~ Minutes
IBM
UrbanCode
Greenhat
Traditional IT workloads
Time to initial deployment
Customer Managed

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Benefits
Most control in the cloud.
Necessary for some solutions.
Infrastructure managed by SP.
Time Commitment
Minutes to provision VM.
Time to configure software and apps
varies.
Maintenance/upgrades of OS,
middleware, runtime.
~ Minutes
Code
Data
Runtime
Middleware
OS
Virtualization
Servers
Storage
Networking
~ Weeks
Core IT
~ Days
Infrastucture as a Service (IaaS)
Customer Managed
Service Provider Managed

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~ Minutes
Platform
as a Service
IaaS
Benefits
Setup environments
and deploy apps very
quickly.
Infrastructure and
platform managed by
SP.
Time Commitment
Minutes to setup and
deploy.
Focus on your apps and
their data.
~ Weeks ~ Days
Code
Data
Runtime
Middleware
OS
Virtualization
Servers
Storage
Networking
Core IT
Customer Managed
Service Provider Managed
Focus on
Code
Platform as a Service (PaaS)

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Overview of the cloud service models
Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
– Basic cloud service model
– Computers as Virtual Machines
– VMs are run by a hypervisor
– Ability to scale services
– Users install OS & applications
Platform as a service (PaaS)
– Computing platform with OS, execution
environment, database, web server, …
– Application isolation within containers
Software/BP as a service
(SaaS/BPaaS)
– Applications and processes fully managed
in a cloud
Deploy
Design
Business Process as a Service
Software as a Service
Platform as a Service
Infrastructure as a Service
Consume

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Cloud service models usage
Services
Software
Hardware
Cloud Components
Business Process
as a Service
(BPaaS)
Platform
as a Service
(PaaS)
Software
as a Service
(SaaS)
Infrastructure
as a Service
(IaaS)
Cloud Services
Components
Customers consume business outcomes (e.g. payroll processing,
HR) by accessing business services via Web-centric interfaces on
multi-tenant and shared infrastructures without the need to
manage or control the underlying resources
Customers use applications (e.g. CRM, ERP, e-mail) from multiple
client devices through a Web browser on multi-tenant and
shared infrastructures without the need to manage or control
the underlying resources
Customers use programming languages, tools and platforms to
develop and deploy applications on multi-tenant and shared
infrastructures with ability to control deployed applications and
environments without the need to manage or control the
underlying resources
Customers use processing, storage, networks, other computing
resources with ability to rapidly and elastically provision and
control resources to deploy and run software and services
without the need to manage or control the underlying resources Facilities
“XaaS”

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Example of Web and Cloud services suppliers
IBM is a Cloud Provider (Softlayer, Bluemix , CMS – IBM Cloud Managed
services )
Examples of suppliers by category:
‒ Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
• Rackspace
• CenturyLink
• Amazon Web Services
• Google
‒ Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• AppDirect
• Force.com
• Microsoft Azure
• CloudOne
• Apprenda
‒ Business Process as a Service (BPaaS)
‒ Hootsuite, LinkedIn, Spredfast, Marketwire, Box, New Relic, Topsy, Bitly, BAE
Systems (former Silversky)

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Cloud is based on virtualization
Virtualization
– allows multiple OS to run concurrently in separate VM contexts
– Started with IBM Mainframe in 1967
– Later democratized with VMWare
Provided by a hypervisor
– creates and runs virtual machines (VM)
– 2 types: directly running on HW or on OS
Hypervisors are running in a compute component (SDC)
– different hypervisors can be used in a single cloud infrastructure
Hardware
Software Defined Compute Software Defined Storage Software Defined Networking
Resource Abstraction, Optimization & Security

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IaaS high-level components
 Object Store
– provides object storage. Store & retrieve files but not mount
directories like a fileserver
 Image catalog
– contains virtual disk images
 Compute
– provides virtual servers upon demand
– using hypervisors
 Authentication
– provides identity management and authorization
 Network
– provides network connectivity & allows users to create their
own networks
 Block Storage
– provides persistent block storage to guest VMs
*from OpenStack

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Simplified IaaS Resource Model

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A simple cloud infrastructure overview
Monitor & Manage
Services & Resources
Cloud
Administrator
Data center
Infrastructure
Service Catalog,
Component
Library
Service Consumers
Component Vendors/
Software Publishers
Publish & Update
Components,
Service Templates
IT Cloud
Access
Services
Services/instances:
the running &
accessible VMs
Images: the
reference
images
based on OS
Catalog: manage
catalog content
(virtual images,
scripts)

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Workload definition, Optimization, & Orchestration
Software
Defined
Environment
Software Defined
Compute Software Defined Storage
Software Defined
Networking
Resource Abstraction, Optimization & Security
Workload definition Optimization
Orchestration
 Embedded analytics
 Workload-aware optimization
 Integrated security & governance
Capabilities
Values
 Simplified & standardized management
 Agile infrastructure
 Understanding & programming workloads
Hardware
Evolving IaaS to a more dynamic environment

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PaaS high-level components
 Router
– Routes incoming traffic (cloud controller or running application)
 Authentication
– login server provides identity management & authorization
– role-based access control
 Cloud Controller
– manages applications lifecycle
 Application Execution
– manages applications isolated in a container & broadcasts state
 Application Store
– Contains application code, framework & runtime.
 Service Brokers
– providing the service instance
 Message Bus
– Pub-sub system for internal communication between component
 Logging and Statistics
– monitor instances for Ops & application log aggregator streams application logs to developers
*from Cloud Foundry

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Agenda
 Hybrid cloud

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Where are all these clouds?
Clouds can be deployed in different ways with variants
–Public
• Multi-tenant
– The cloud is deployed to the public domain
– Users from various companies or individuals share all the cloud resources
• Single-tenant (dedicated)
– The cloud is deployed to the privately-owned domain
– Also known as dedicated cloud
– Users from a single company share all the cloud resources
–Private
• The cloud is deployed on-premises (in house)
• Users defined by the company where the cloud is deployed share all the cloud
resources
–Hybrid
• The cloud is deployed on-premises (in house)
• The cloud orchestrates private & public clouds

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Cloud is no longer just a cost-efficient computing model
1
IaaS1-centric
Virtual compute Reduced
cost storage Traditional
app hosting
2
3
Cost
Innovation
Business value
PaaS2-centric
DevOps tooling
Web and mobile apps
Basic analytics
Hybrid integration
High-value solutions
Cognitive apps
Advanced analytics Internet of
Things
Cost efficiency
Value
Essential integration
It has matured to become a platform for business transformation

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To win in the new digital economy, organizations must choose
the right cloud computing model
You need a set of consistent, open and powerful choices to satisfy the
varied needs of your apps and data.
A hybrid cloud model can deliver the freedom to choose and
change your environments, data and services as required.
Sharing
and opacity
Control and
transparency
On-premises
dedicated
On-premises
virtualized Dedicated Shared

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Hybrid cloud must be open (by design)
Open
standards
Open standards:
− Are embraced by an active community that
facilitates innovation at a more rapid pace
− Provide a common foundation and compatible
interfaces that enable portability across cloud
models and prevent vendor lock-in
− Limit the need for specialists to build custom
interfaces
− Meet user needs because they are the result
of collaboration across clients, providers,
vendors
and developers
IBM is committed to OpenStack―from local to dedicated to public―so that you
have consistency among all three environments.

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Backbone of the hybrid cloud – IBM data-centers
Amsterdam
Frankfurt
Milan
London
Seattle
San Jose
Los Angeles
Miami
Atlanta
New York City
Montreal
Chicago
Queretaro
Houston
Dallas
Denver
India
Hong Kong
Singapore
Tokyo
Perth
Melbourne
Sydney
Data center & network POP
Network POP
New location
< Singapore
< Melbourne
< Sydney
< Tokyo
Toronto
Washington, D.C.
San Jose >
Los Angeles >
Los Angeles >
Los Angeles >
Paris
Private network
Private network expansion
Sao Paulo

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Software as a Service in IBM Marketplace
https://www.ibm.com/marketplace

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Agenda
 Hybrid cloud

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Requirements Definition & Management
Project and Portfolio Management
Asset Management
Enterprise Architecture
Governance
• Coding
• Compiling
• Debugging
• Defect Tracking
• Planning, Report
• SCM
• Deploying applications to
various systems & plateforms
• Promote/Demote
• Unit Test
• Functional Test
• Performance Test
Build
&
Deploy
Automation
Lifecycle
Management
Development Deployment
Testing
Cloud increases delevery velocity, empowering dev teams

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*NIST - National Institute of Standards and Technology (US govt agency)
Some benefits for development teams
= Cost
VIRTUALIZATION
+
STANDARDIZATION
AUTOMATION
+
Agility
______
Optimize the IT infrastructures,
empower development teams and
reduce costs
Offer standardized but flexible
capabilities
Ease deployment, maintenance and
upgrade of solutions while reducing
errors
Ease development / operations
interactions through automation
capabilities

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Applications delivery with IBM Eclipse Tools for Bluemix
IBM Eclipse Tools for Bluemix
– provides plug-ins that can be installed into an existing
Eclipse environment to assist in integrating the developer's
integrated development environment (IDE) with
Bluemix
Write and deploy applications to Bluemix
– Node.js (JavaScript), WAR (web archive) and EAR
(enterprise archive) files, and Liberty Profile packaged
servers to the Bluemix server
Excample usage scenarios
– Adding a stopped Liberty Server to Bluemix and testing an
application
– Run a packaged server to Bluemix
– Adding a stopped Liberty Server to Bluemix and testing an
application
– Working with Packaged Server compressed files - Run on
Server

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More agile teams with Containers
• Demand for increased application development efficiency
• Enable Continuous Integration/Continuous Delivery
• Developer Laptops, through automated test, to production, and through scaling without
modification
• DevOps requires improved deployment efficiency
• Higher Density of Compute Resources (CPU, Memory, Storage)
• Hybrid Cloud and choice require portability
• Cross Cloud Deployment - move the same application across multiple clouds.
• Eliminate “lock-in”, become a “Cloud Broker”

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Virtualizaton: VMs vs. Containers

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Build, ship and run any apps anywhere using Containers
• A group of processes run in isolation
But on a shared kernel
Containers can run any OS as long as they're based on the same
kernel
Their own processes, files, networking stack, memory, etc...
Provides namespace isolation, process, network, mount, etc
Uses cgroups to limit resource consumption
• Think processes not VMs
But can give "VM-like" behavior w/o the overhead
• Why?
Fast startup time – just the time to start a process, setup networks, ...
Better resource utilization – can fit far more containers than VMs into a
host

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Containers: focus on business value

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Why so many developers are interested in Containers?
Containers are a critical foundation for distributed apps in Hybrid Clouds

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IBM and Docker partnership
• Strategic partnership since December, 2014
• Objective: Deliver next generation enterprise-grade, portable, distributed applications that
are composed of interoperable Docker containers
• Enables hybrid cloud use cases for the enterprise
• IBM Enterprise Containers on Bluemix enables enterprises to launch Docker containers to automate
application deployment on or off premise
• IBM UrbanCode automates the deployment of multiple Docker containers to various dev/test and
staging environments, as part of the DevOps pipeline
• PureApplication Systems & Services builds, deploys and runs Pure patterns with Docker containers
• Docker Hub Enterprise (DHE) integration
• Extend IBM DevOps and IBM cloud solutions by integrating with and reselling Docker Hub
Enterprise software & support

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Moving from monolithic applications to microservices
Monolithic app Micro services
Scaling Scaling

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Properties of a microservice architecture
• Compartmentalized business capability
• Cross-functional teams
• Communication via API ONLY!!
• Use messaging to remove peer-to-peer
dependencies
• REST communication
• Decentralized data
• Design for failure
• Evolutionary design with pluggable architecture
• Enables continuous delivery

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