Rekursu nee foti husi site-site nebee refere baa Ordem basiku iha Ubuntu Translate Husi Raul Amaral

1. Ordem Basico (Basic Command) iha Ubuntu
By Raul Jamur Inside
Ordem (command) basiku iha GNU/Linux halao iha shell ida nebee bai-bain hanaran terminal
ou console. Terminal ou console nee rekonese ho naran Command Line Interface (CLI) nebee
bele aktiva hanesan klik ou hili Menu Applications – Accessories – Terminal. Dalan seluk bele
mos halao husi Console los det nia lalaok mak hanehan ctrl+alt+F1 iha Keyboard iha
Keyboard F1 hanehan koko to F6. Atu fila fali mai mode Grafical User Interface (GUI) Hanehan
ctrl+alt+F7 iha Keyboard. Tuir mai iha Ordem (command) jeral nebee hetan iha distribuisaun
ida-idak iha GNU/Linux liu-liu iha distribuisaun Ubuntu.
1. login
Fungsaun :atu tama ba iha rede nia area.
Observasaun :Ema ida-idak nebee legal uja sistema UNIX iha identifikasaun kona ba
identidate (ID).
2. Password
Fungsaun :Hatama lian xhave (Password) wainhira login.
Observasaun:Ba ema nebe foun nebee registu tiha ona husi SUPER USER maka user la
presija atu hatama tan lian xhave (password). Ida nee atu Bele assegura lian segeredu ou
lian xhave nebee iha tiha ona.
3. login
Fungsaun :Atu halo ou troka ita nia lian xhave.
4. who
Fungsaun :Atu hatene User nebee aktifu ka Onlline hela (login).
5. finger
Fungsaun : Finger iha fungsaun nebee atu hanesan ho who, so que finger prepara
informasaun baa identitade user nebee kompletu liu iha who.
6. logout
Fungsaun :Atu sai husi sistema ou taka sessaun login nian.
Observasaun :Se wainhira atu taka terminal diak liu uja ordem ida nee, para aksesu
nebee legal husi login nee ema seluk sei la uja ou tama fali uja ita nian.
7. exit
Fungsaun :Atu sai ou taka sistema.
Observasaun :Hanesan ho fungsaun logout.
8. whoami

2. Fungsaun :Atu hatene user nebee mak login iha komputer/terminal.
Observasaun : Uja para atu hetan terminal nebee seidauk logout ou exit no atu hakarak
hatene se nian mak uja terminal nee.
9. date
Fungsaun :Atu haree ou muda oras no loron/fulan.tinan.
10. cal
Fungsaun :Atu haree kalendariu husi tinan 0000 t/f 9999.
11. ls
Fungsaun :Atu haree lista file iha folder ka direktori nebee aktivu hela.
Observasaun :Ordem ida nee atu haree informasaun kona baa direktori ho file nian.
Ordem nebee simples husi ls atu hatudu naran file det. Ordem nebee naruk aumenta ou
komesa ho opsaun –l, nebee sei hatudu naran file nebee hamutuk ho informasaun atu
nunee file ita bele haree ida-ida.
Opsaun-opsaun nebee iha:
-a : Atu haree file iha directory inklui mos nia laran.
-o : Atu haree det naran directory
-g : Halo (Cetak) ID grupu iha lalaok nebe naruk
-I : Halo (Cetak) numeru ba iha User ida-idak.
-l : Atu haree kompletu file hotu-hotu.
-o : Halo (Cetak) ID ema nebee uja (karik uja –1)
-r : Hadia ou Haktuir naran file nebee iha tiha ona
-t : Hadia naran file baseia ba oras ida nebee ita modifika tiha ona, la tuir naran.
-o : Hadia naran file Baseia ba momentu ida nebee ikus hadia.
Ba opsaun naran, bele “naran” nee maka fatin ba directory, ordem bee halo (Mencetak)
informasaun nebee husu husi opsaun nebee (option) ba file hotu iha direktori laran. Wainhira
“naran” file ida, maka informasaun file nebee iha relasaun ho ida nebee haloo sai tiha ona
(dicetak).
1. chmod
Fungsaun : Troka permission ida iha direktori/file.
Formatu : chmod 777 naran_file
2. clear
Fungsaun :Hamos layar, (Hanesan ho ordem CLS iha DOS).
Formatu : clear ou bele mos hanehan kombinasaun husi letra iha Keyboard ctrl+D
3. cmp
Fungsaun :Atu halo komparasaun file1 ho file2 no bele halo reportajem ba nia diferensa.
Formatu : cmp file1 no file2
Observasaun :Orden ida nee sei la halo reportajem karik file 2 nee hanesan ou identiku.

3. Observasaun :Orden ida nee sei la halo reportajem karik file 2 nee hanesan ou identiku.
4. cp
Fungsaun :Atu halo file1 sai ba file2.
Formatu :$ cp file1 file2 copia → file1 ba file2 $ cp koko3 /home/jamur/raul → copia file
koko3 baa direktori seluk
Observasaun :Ordem cp sei-copia file ida baa file seluk ou halo copia file ida ou liu ba iha
direktori ida.
5. rm
Fungsaun :Atu apaga ou hamoos file ida.
Format : rm naran-file. ou rm /path_file_iha-ba
6. mv
Fungsaun :Atu muda file husi fatin ida ou bele mos troka naran (rename) naran file ida.
Formatu : $ mv file1 file2 Rename → file1 sai fali file2 $ mv koko3 /home/jamur/raul →
muda file koko3 ba direktori seluk
Observasaun :mv sei muda file ida ba file seluk ou muda file ida det ou liu husi 1, baa iha
direktori ida.
7. cat
Fungsaun :Atu haree saida mak iha file ida nia laran (hanesan o ordem TYPE iha DOS).
Cat fungsiona mos para atu halo (mencetak) ba iha monitor file ida nia laran. Karik file
nee haree husi nia fungsaun ordem nee laos file text nebee mak atu sai karakter- karakter
nebe arbiru iha layar.. atu prevene ida neekarakter-karakter arbiru nee bele uja ba ordem
cat –v.
8. more
Fungsaun :Atu haree text file iha layar ida-idak.
Format :more naran-file
Observasaun :Ho ordem ida nee file nia laran bele haree ida layar ida-idak atu nunee bele
kuriji detailu liu. Hanehan spasi atu haree file nia laran iha layar ida seluk.
9. history
Fungsaun :Atu haree ordem-ordem nebee uja tiha ona.
Formatu :history
10. wc
Fungsaun :Atu sura liafuan, sura linya no sura karakter iha file ida.
Formatu :wc naran-file
11. man

4. 11. man
Fungsaun :Lian badak husi manual ida nebee atu haree pajina manual baa ordem hotu
iha UNIX. Ordem nee valor liu baa ema sira nebee uja UNIX tamba bele ajuda ita atu bele
hanoin fila fali ordem-ordem nebee iha UNIX.
Formatu :man naran-ordem
12. grep
Fungsaun :Buka file ida nia laran iha directori seda det.
Formatu :grep –n ‘naran-file’ iha-direktori
Observasaun :Ordem nee sei buka variable ida linya laran ruma, iha direktori seda det baa
file hotu-hotu. Grep fungsiona tebes atu buka naran file ida iha direktori laran ou buka
variable ida iha grupu programa ida.
Exemplo : grep –n ‘shutdown’ /etc/*.
13. mkdir
Fungsaun :Atu halo direktori.
Formatu :mkdir naran-direktori ~$ mkdir koko1 koko2 koko3 (halo direktori 3 dala ida)
Observasaun: Iha DOS nia ordem mak MD (make directory)
14. rmdir
Fungsaun :Apaga ou hamos direktori nebee mamuk.
Formatu : rmdir naran-direktori ~$ rmdir koko1 koko2 koko3 (apaga direktori 3 dala ida)
Wainhira directori nebe apaga ou hamos tiha ona ne mak laiha maka sei iha mensajem
ida.
Observasaun : Iha DOS nia ordem mak RD (remove directory).
15. pwd
Fungsaun :Hatudu direktori nebee aktivu.
Formatu :pwd
16. cd
Fungsaun :Tama baa lokasaun direktori ida.
Formatu : cd path-direktori
Exemplu : ~$ cd /etc , Maka nia sei muda baa direktori etc
17. adduser
Fungsaun :Aumenta user foun iha sistema.
Format :adduser naran-user
18. ps

5. Fungsaun : Uja baa atu monitoring informasaun kona baa prosesu nebee aktivu iha
sistema UNIX.
Format :ps -aux
19. kill
Fungsaun : Uja atu taka prosesu ida nebee mak servisu hela.
Formatu :kill id-proses
Observasaun: Id prosesu bele haree husi PID husi ordem ps -aux.
20. &
Fungsaun :Halao programa ida iha layar kotuk (multitasking).
Formatu :& naran-programa
21. bc
Fungsaun :Ordem bc Bele uja atu asesu calculator.
Observasaun: Fasilidade nee laiha iha versaun UNIX nebee standar.
22. pr
Fungsaun :Halo (mencetak) file ida ba printer.
Format :pr naran-file > /dev/lp0
23. write user [tty]
Fungsaun :Haruka mensajem ba User nebee login hela.
Observasaun:Write sei halo relasaun husi keyboard baa layar user nebee ita hili. Saida det
mak ita hanehan iha keyboard sei mosu iha layar ema ida nebee atu simu mensajem.
24. mesg [opsaun]
Fungsaun :Rejeuta mensajem nebee husi user seluk.
Observasaun:Ita bele mos rejeita mensajem nebee haruka husi user seluk nebee uja
ordem write. Ordem nee labee rejeita lisensa husi super user atu haruka mensajem.
25. mail [ema nebee simu]
Fungsaun:Haruka no lee mensajem nebee hanesan surat.
Observasaun:Mail hanesan programa ida haruka mensajem elektroniku haruka mensajem
ba user seluk ou lee mensajem husi user seluk.
26. wall
Fungsaun :Mensajem nebee ita haruka husi super user.
Observasaun :Baa super user, sistema operasaun UNIX halo preparasaun atu haruka
mensajem ba User hotu nebee log in hela wainhira mensajem ho ordem nee so super user

6. mensajem ba User hotu nebee log in hela wainhira mensajem ho ordem nee so super user
det mak bele asesu ou komanda.
Rekursu Husi : Ebook-Ubuntu-Indonesia.Com-V01
Translate Husi Raul Jamur
Deskulpa karik sei iha Lia Fuan balun nebee la loos no sei sala…
Naran Kompletu
Raul A. da C. Amaral
by Raul Jamur © 2013.
Rua : Becora-Taibessi California, Dili
Dili, Timor Leste
No. Hp: +(670) 7732-6789