Biodegradable polymer

I
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Pacific School of Engineering, Surat
Affiliated with GTU
A
Project report
On
“BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER”
Prepared as a part of the requirements for the subject of
DESIGN ENGINEERING – 1B(2140002)
B. E. Semester – 4
(Chemical Branch)
Submitted by Group:
Sr. Name of student Enrollment No
1 RADADIYA URVISH 151120105067
2 RANPARIYA RONAK 151120105051
3 VAGHANI MITUL 151120105068
4 RAKHOLIYA GAURAV 151120105049
5 SAVALIYA HENIT 151120105057
(Faculty Guide)
Prof. Shweta Joshi
Chemical Engineering Department
Academic year
(2016-2017)

II
PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, SURAT
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled “BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER”Submitted by
Sr.No. Name of student Enrollment No
In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the DESIGN ENGINEEING-1B(2140002) in
PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, SURAT is recorded on their own work carried out
under my supervision and guidance. The matter embodied here is not being submitted elsewhere
forward of any degree.
Guided By :
Prof.Shweta Joshi
Prof .Miral Thakkar
Head of Department

III
PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, SURAT
EXAMINER’S CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL
This is to certify that the project entitled “BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER” Submitted by
Sr.No. Name of student Enrolment No
In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the DESIGN ENGINEEING-1B (2140002) in
PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, SURAT is here by approved for submitted their DE
Report for 4th
semester.
Place: Surat
Date:
Internal Examiner Sign External Examiner Sign

IV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is always pleasure to remind the experts in the science guidance which I
received to hold my practical as well as theoritical skills in engineering.
I am thankful to our H.O.D Prof. Miral Thakkar and our regarding all
faculties for giving me an opportunity to enhance my skills as an engineer by
allowing us to join this esteemed organization as training.
I would also like to thank Our Internal Guide Prof. Shweta Joshi guided us
in getting our project. It gives me immense pleasure in expressing our deep sense
of gratitude whom our successfully complete our project in their department.
I also thankful our all supporting faculty will help to create 2nd
year, 4th
semester DESIGN ENGINEERING project by sharing their knowledge. They
helped us in all possible ways to solve our doubts regarding application and
implementation of knowledge. It has been a great experience to work under their
supervision as always kept my moral high.
Finally, I apologize to all other unnamed who helped me in various ways
to have a safe and good training.

V
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE I
CERTIFICATE II
EXAMINER’S CERTIFICATE III
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IV
TABLE OF CONTENT V
ABSTRACT VI
1. INTRODUCTION
2. INTRODUCTION OF BIODEGRADABLE
POLYMER
1
2
3. CANVAS FRAME WORK 3
3.1 Empathy Mapping 3
3.2 AEIOU Summary 7
3.3 Ideation 10
3.4 Product Development Canvas 12
3.5 Mind Mapping 16
5. FUTURE SCOPE OF WORK 17
6. CONCLUSION 18
7. REFERENCES 19

VI
“BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER”
Submitted By
Sr. No Name of student Enrollment No
Supervised By
Prof. Shweta Joshi
ABSTRACT
The product of biodegradable polymer is ecofriendly and there are no pollution occurs.
So we need to maximum use of product which made by biodegradable polymer. The
biodegradable polymer should be stable and durable enough for use in their particular
application, but upon disposal they should easily break down. When products made of
PLA, It is making cheaper the use of PLA for making biodegradable products, then the
problem of cost and greener. If and environmental pollution is solved. In this method
most important variable is PLA, because during disposal it is very easily break down. We
will get result the extra ordinary process has been made in the development of practical
processes and products from polymers such as starch, cellulose and lactic acid. In
addition, no suitable infrastructure for the disposal of biodegradable materials exists as
yet. The processes which hold the most promise for further development of biopolymer
materials are those which employ renewable resources feedstock. The sectors of
agriculture, automotive, medicine and packaging all require biodegradation may be
tailored to specific needs each industry is able to create its own ideal materials.

BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER
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Chapter 1: Introduction
Design Engineering at Fourth Semester of BE
 Subject of our report is “BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER” There are five members
working on this project.
 Members name:
 Radadiya Urvish
 Savaliya Henit
 Ranpariya Ronak
 Vaghani Mitul
 Rakholiya Gaurav
 There are three canvas :
 Empathy mapping canvas
 Ideation canvas
 Product development canvas.
First we get information about the canvas on GTU site than we thinking about all canvas, we
also get guidance about the canvas with Prof. Shweta Joshi. Than we make all canvas. After
making canvas we get the information about all topics of the canvas from different type of
source
 Purpose:
“Main Aim” of our project is to over control on Waste Production by using
Biodegradable Polymers.

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Chapter 2: Introduction
BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER:
 Biodegradable are solid polymeric materials and devices which break down due to
macromolecular degradation with dispersion in vivo but no proof for elimination from
the body.
 The degradation of those polymers which take place mainly by enzymes, bacteria like
microorganisms, hydrolysis and to some extent by oxidation are called biodegradable
polymers
 Biodegradable polymeric systems or devices can be attacked by biological elements.
 Biodegradable polymers are active towards environmental processes.
 Due to easy degradation of these polymers, after their usage, there is no issue of its
disposal.as a result, there is no environmental pollution.
 Most polymers which are degradable contain in their back bond labile linkages such
as esters, orthoesters, anhydrides, carbonates, amides, urea’s, etc.
 Synthetic biodegradable polymers can be synthesized which are convenient to living
system and helpful to environmental cycle.
 Examples of some biodegradable polymers are PHBV, PolyGlycolic acid, Dextran.
 The polymers present in nature are called biopolymer. They are biodegradable
polymer.
 These polymers are found both naturally and synthetically made, and largely consist
of esters, amides, and ether functional groups.
 Their properties and break down mechanism are determined by their exact structure.
 These polymers are often synthesized by condensation reaction, ring opening
polymerization and metal catalyst.
 Factors controlling the rate of degradation include :
 Percent croistallinity
 Molecular weight
 Hydrophobicity.

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Chapter 3: Canvas
Following are the various steps in all canvases, so students can easily understand what
they have to identify?
Canvas 1: EMPATHY MAPPING
These are the first step of the project or problem. In this canvas, you have to find out
 What is user to your problems?
 What is a stakeholder?
 What are activities?
 And what are broad stories of their activities?
1. Users
 In this stage, we find the various users which are directly or indirectly related to our
project.
 Peoples
 Industrial Workers
 Doctors
2. Stakeholders
 Stakeholders mean a person or organization with an interest.
 In this stage, we find the user who will directly or indirectly related to users.
 Pharmaceutical worker
 Plastic Industrial Worker
 Businessman

4 | P a g e
Chapter 3: Canvas
3. Activities
 Activities are directly or indirectly related to stakeholders.
 Distribution of task
 Internet Surfing
 Planning
 Group Discussion
 Expert Advise
 Environment Task
4. Story Boarding
 Happy:
When we went to " M & D " plastic factory at Hazira for knowing important biodegradable
polymers in plastic, Same that time made of plastic spoon in factory and our one group
member has test for strength of spoon, he started bending of spoon and spoon is brittle.
The number of biomedical applications in which collagen have been utilized is too high; it
not only has been explored for use in various types of surgery, cosmetics and drug delivery,
but also in bioprospthetic in plants and issue engineering of multiple organs as well.

5 | P a g e
Chapter 3: Canvas
EMPATHY MAPPING
 Sad :
When we went to visit at hospital for getting information about use of biodegradable polymers
in medical lines, same that time at hospital gate one man's motorcycle has slept and his head
is impinge with big stone and necessary to take stitches
These bio plastics are plant based and this means that they come from organic sources from
farms, such as soybeans and corn. However, these organic plants are sprayed with pesticides
which contain chemicals that can contaminate the crops and be transferred or included in the
finished product.

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Chapter 3: Canvas
AEIOU SUMMARY
Users:- Our project users are as follows:-
 People
 Scientist
 Engineer
 chemist
 Doctors
Activities:-
 Cationic Mechanism
 Elastomeric fibres thermoplastic
 Vulcanizations of Rubber
 Biomaterials directly contact living cell
 Drug Delivery Systems.
 Good solution for the Environmental pollution.
 Medical applications

7 | P a g e
Chapter 3: Canvas
Environment:-
 Polluted
 Dirty
 Hazards
Interaction:-
 Engineer to manager
 Engineer to worker
 Supervisor to worker
 Lab asst. to operator
 Manager to CEO
 Supplier to Receiver

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Chapter 3: Canvas
Objects:-
 Collection tank
 Mixer
 Condenser
 Waste Collector

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Chapter 3: Canvas
Canvas 2: IDEATION
These are the second step of the project or problem. From the user canvas, you have an idea
what are the people? In ideation canvas, you have to carry out which type of activities is
related to your project and people? What is situation and location regarding to activities?
Then after you find the possible solutions. It is depend or not depend to your activities.
People :
 People who interact with the problem of " BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS " are below:-
 Doctors
 Pharmacist
 Engineers
 Common Peoples
 Shopkeepers
Activities:-
 Activities which can affect the " BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS " given below
 Cationic Mechanism
 Elastomeric fibres thermoplastic
 Vulcanizations of Rubber
 Biomaterials directly contact living cell
 Drug Delivery Systems.
 Good solution for the Environmental pollution.
 Medical applications

10 | P a g e
Chapter 3: Canvas
Situation/Context/Location: -
 Situation/context/location which cause " BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS " are
below:
 Flowers and plant packaging
 Industrial sucks and bags
 wrapping and covering
 Lamination Film
Props/Possible Solutions: -
 Props/possible solution of biodegradable polymer of are below:
 Reliable source of Raw material
 Reduction of Mechanical properties like as Modulus , strength and
Molar mass.

11 | P a g e
Chapter 3: Canvas
Canvas 3: Product Development
Third step is development of the product. From possible solutions, you have idea about what
is product? In this canvas, following things is to do.
Purpose:-
 Recycling
 Decomposition
 Packing
 Shopping bags
People: -
 Doctors
 Pharmacist
 Engineers
 Common Peoples
 Shopkeepers
Product Function:-
 Plastic Products
 Drug Components

12 | P a g e
Chapter 3:Canvas
Product Features:-
 Wound management
 Orthopaedic Devices
 Issue Engineering
Components: -
 Bacteria
 Natural monomers
 Synthetic monomers

13 | P a g e
Chapter 3: Canvas
Product Experience:
 Inexpensive
 Take more time for making product.
 Easy to use
Customer Revalidation:
 Eco-friendly
 Cheap
 Mobile

14 | P a g e
Chapter 3: Canvas
Reject, Redesign and Retain (3-R): -
 High Elasticity
 Non Reusable
 Make Synthetic monomers.

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Chapter 3: Canvas
Mind Mapping

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Chapter 3: Canvas
Learning Needs Matrix

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Chapter 4: Future Scope of Work
Future Scope of Work
We can implement biodegradable technology to resolve the problems. Technology depends
upon our ideas such as generation of electricity from waste.

18 | P a g e
Chapter 5:Conclusion
Conclusion
We have conclude that waste is a problem for everyone. It can be resolve easily by the
managing it and creating new solution for the resolve of waste. Moreover, the problems is
for only in the urban areas.

19 | P a g e
Chapter 6: Reference
Reference
Book:
1) “Engineering chemistry” by p.c. Jain, Monika Jain, 6th
edition: dhanpat rai
publishing company (p) ltd., 188-190, 198-202.
2) “Shape selective zeolite catalysis for bio plastics productions” by Michele
dusselier, Pieter van wouwe, annelies dewaele, and Pierre Jacobs, science, DOI :
10.1126/science.aaa7169
Provided by KU Leuven.
3) “Plastics the facts 2012”(pdf), Plastics Europe, retrieved 9th
February 2014.
4) “Biodegradation – Life of science”, Rolando chamy and francisca, ISBN 978-
953-51-115-4-2
Ch 6
5)“Environmental silicate Nano – bio composites" L.Averous, E pollet, ISBN -978-
1- 4471-4101-3
5) Doi Y(1990) microbial polyester, widely, new york
6) Mutton, Vivian (2012), ancient medicine (2nd
Eds.) London: rout ledge ISBN
9780415520942
7) Narayan R (2001) drivers for biodegradable/compostable plastics and role of
compositing in waste management, orbit. J 1(1): 1-9

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