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Accessible design - HOW Interactive Design Conference Washington DC SEPT 27-29 2012 @iRajLal

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Accessible design - HOW Interactive Design Conference Washington DC SEPT 27-29 2012 @iRajLal

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Learn how to design an interface that supports people with disabilities—and explains why it’s a good business decision.

You’ll learn how to use the latest technologies to accommodate disabled users in the user interface, and see how an Accessible Interface gives maximum reach to your application’s information, functionalities and benefits by allowing multiple input methods, different interaction models, and customization based on special needs and limited device supports.

Learn how to design an interface that supports people with disabilities—and explains why it’s a good business decision.

You’ll learn how to use the latest technologies to accommodate disabled users in the user interface, and see how an Accessible Interface gives maximum reach to your application’s information, functionalities and benefits by allowing multiple input methods, different interaction models, and customization based on special needs and limited device supports.

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Accessible design - HOW Interactive Design Conference Washington DC SEPT 27-29 2012 @iRajLal

  1. 1. Accessible Design Raj Lal Nokia Inc.
  2. 2. Agenda About Target Color & How Website Users Text Access. Web Works
  3. 3. About Accessibility
  4. 4. Accessibility is about making things Easy to Use by Everyone
  5. 5. About Accessible = Clear Accessible = Usable Accessible = Unobtrusive Accessible = Multiple Ways to Interact
  6. 6. Who are the Users ?
  7. 7. User with special needs Hearing Mobility Cognitive Visual
  8. 8. Not so Tech Savvy users • Parents • Seniors Citizens • Low literacy level • Using Old Computers/ Browsers • Limited Bandwidth
  9. 9. Tech Savvy users • Prefer Keyboard only • Temporary Disabled • Mobile User, Tablets, e-Readers • In extenuating circumstances - Limited attention, sound, light
  10. 10. Users Tech Savvy Disabled Users Not so Tech-Savvy
  11. 11. Users = All of Us • 20% of user 80% of Time • 80% of the user 20% of the Time
  12. 12. Accessible Color & Text
  13. 13. Color Light Green Yellow Blue-Green Orange Blue Red Violet Purple Dark
  14. 14. 3 Rules for Visual Accessibility 1. Exaggerate lightness differences between foreground and background colors 2. Choose dark colors with hues from the bottom half against light colors from top 3. Avoid contrasting hues from adjacent parts of the hue circle
  15. 15. Visual Accessibility Accessible Not Accessible
  16. 16. 3 Rules for Visual Accessibility
  17. 17. 8 Guidelines for Accessible Text • Highest Possible Contrast for main content • Use Color contrasts for Title or highlighted text • Use large types, minimum 16 points • Minimum 25% Spacing between lines
  18. 18. 8 Guidelines for Accessible Text • Use Regular Serif/San Serif fonts • Cursive, decorative fonts, italic case, use sparingly • Use San Serif fonts for small text • Avoid close letter spacing
  19. 19. How Accessible Web Works ?
  20. 20. 3 Elements of Accessible Web • Assistive Technology(AT) • ARIA & Accessibility API • W3C’s POUR Principle
  21. 21. 1. Assistive Technology
  22. 22. Assistive Technology Users • Visually Impaired • Blind • Cognitive, Learning Disability • Deaf • Hearing Impaired • Mobility, Physically handicapped
  23. 23. Assistive Technology Hardware User Large Monitors Visual, Cognitive, Mobility Large Print Keyboards Visual, Cognitive, Mobility Anti-glare filter Visual, Cognitive, Mobility Braille Keyboards Blind Refreshable Braille display Blind Color/ Brightness keys Visual, Cognitive Trackballs / D-Pads Mobility Headphones Cognitive, Hearing
  24. 24. Assistive Technology SW Software User Text Enlarging sw Visual, Cognitive Text/Audio Browser Visual, Blind Screen Readers Visual, Blind, Cognitive Braille sw Translator Blind Speech Recognition Visual, Blind, Cognitive, Mobility Virtual Keyboards Mobility Captioning Text Cognitive, Hearing, Deaf Show Sound Cognitive, Hearing, Deaf
  25. 25. 2. ARIA & Accessibility APIs
  26. 26. Accessible Rich Internet Applications • ARIA helps Assistive Technology(AT) • ARIA Make Web content Accessible to AT • ARIA uses HTML and CSS Tags • ARIA is a W3C Initiative & part of HTML5 • Most of ARIA is embedded in JS libraries
  27. 27. How ARIA Works VoiceOver Windows Eye Roles States Properties Assistive Technology ARIA Platform HTML Accessibility APIs Mac OSX Accessibility Protocol Linux IAccessible2 Windows MSAA
  28. 28. ARIA • Uses a set of Roles, States, and Properties • Roles, States & Properties assigned to HTML • Exposes web page to Accessibility APIs • AT uses Accessibility APIs to access Webpage
  29. 29. ARIA Roles • Landmark Roles – Where Am I • Structural Roles – What’s This • Interface Widget Roles
  30. 30. ARIA Roles Role type Role name Role name Landmark application form roles banner main complementary navigation contentinfo search
  31. 31. ARIA Roles Role type Role name Role name Structural article listitem roles columnheader math definition note directory presentation document region group row heading rowheader img separator list toolbar
  32. 32. ARIA Roles Role type Role name Role name Interface standalone widget spinbutton Widget Roles alert status alertdialog tab button tabpanel checkbox textbox dialog timer gridcell tooltip link treeitem log composite
  33. 33. ARIA Roles Role type Role name Role name Interface marquee widget Widget Roles menuitem combobox menuitemcheckbox grid menuitemradio listbox option menu progressbar menubar radio radiogroup scrollbar tablist slider Tree / treegrid
  34. 34. ARIA States • Dynamic Properties • Global States • Widget States
  35. 35. ARIA State Attribute type Global Widget ARIA states aria-busy listitem aria-disabled math aria-grabbed note aria-hidden presentation aria-invalid region row rowheader separator toolbar
  36. 36. ARIA Properties • Relatively Static Properties
  37. 37. ARIA Properties Attribute type Global Widget ARIA aria-atomic aria- Properties aria-controls autocomplete aria-describedby aria-haspopup aria-dropeffect aria-label aria-flowto aria-level aria-haspopup aria-multiline aria-label aria- aria-labelledby multiselectable
  38. 38. ARIA Properties Attribute type Global Widget ARIA aria-live aria-orientation Properties aria-owns aria-readonly aria-relevant aria-required aria-sort aria-valuemax aria-valuemin aria-valuenow aria-valuetext
  39. 39. 3. W3C’s POUR Principle
  40. 40. The POUR Principal Perceivable Operable Understanda Robust ble
  41. 41. Perceivable • Text alternative to all non-text content • Alternative for media using subtitles • Transcribed text and Sign language
  42. 42. Operable • Function accessible from keyboard alone • No auto refresh, allow time based contents • Proper use of Headings & Anchors • Joysticks, Voice recognition or audio feedback
  43. 43. Understandable • High color contrast 4.5:1 • Use San serif fonts & allow resize • Avoid auto-play of media, animation • Avoid auto refresh, or flashy graphics • Multiple visual cues, icons, audio for feedback
  44. 44. Robust • Broken HTML tag can cause difficulty with AT • Follow HTML standard specifications • Syntactically correct HTML & validate page • Proper “lang” attributes in the markup • Use “abbr” tag with proper usage
  45. 45. Developing an Accessible Website using HTML5
  46. 46. Accessible Website • Progressive Enhancement with ARIA • Developing an Accessible Website - Homepage - About Page - Contact Form
  47. 47. Progressive Enhancement Good Design Is Unobtrusive - Dieter Rams
  48. 48. Progressive Enhancement HTML CSS JavaScript HTML CSS HTML
  49. 49. Progressive Enhancement • Design in a Progressive enhancement way • All content available by HTML alone • Use semantically structured HTML • All presentation elements in the style sheet • Load JavaScript after the page is loaded
  50. 50. Accessible Website with HTML5 Home Contact About
  51. 51. Accessible HTML5 Home page <header role="banner"> <nav role="navigation"> <section role=“main”> <footer role=“contentinfo”> … HTML5 Accessible HTML5
  52. 52. Accessible HTML5 Contact Form
  53. 53. Accessible HTML5 Form HTML5 • Use label tag for describing form elements • Associate labels with controls using for attribute • Create a logical tab order with tabindex • Use placeholder, type=email, url, text • Use fieldset and legend to group form elements
  54. 54. Accessible HTML5 Form ARIA • Use role=main and keep one form in one page • Use aria-required for required fields • Use aria-live=assertive in the form for validation • Use aria-describedby for adding help to fields
  55. 55. Accessible About Page • Accessible Image • Accessible Text and Links • Accessible Media
  56. 56. Accessible Image Use alt attribute for alternative text for the image Use title attribute for tooltip Use role=presentation to ignore the image Use blank alt for decorative images Use meaningful name for src=meaningful.png
  57. 57. Accessible Text and Links • Font size should always be relative , never fixed • Links should be underlined and of different color • Use Anchor links, easily navigable by screen readers • Meaningful link text , avoid using “click here” or “more” • Color in CSS with foreground & background color • Simple and Machine readable words like “Home page”
  58. 58. Accessible Media • Media player features navigable by keyboard • Closed captions with timed text files • Switchable sign translation video • Transcripts, caption and sign language • SVG animation is more accessible than Canvas
  59. 59. Reference • W3C ARIA http://dev.w3.org/html5/markup/aria/aria.html • Accessible Design http://www.lighthouse.org/accessibility/design • Dieter Rams 10 good design Principals http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dieter_Rams
  60. 60. thank you Raj Lal @ iRajLal Nokia Inc.

Editor's Notes

  • About AccessibilityWhy is it important &amp; Who is our customerAccessible Color and TextAccessible Web and W3C’s POURHow Assistive devices WorksAccessible Website with HTML5
  • HEARING: not being able to hear audio, video or any other kind of sound COGNITIVE: problem with the content itself MOBILITY: means inability to use mouse or keyboard. VISUAL: unable to see the content or distinguish color
  • HEARING: not being able to hear audio, video or any other kind of sound COGNITIVE: means inability to use mouse or keyboardMOBILITY: means inability to use mouse or keyboard. VISUAL: unable to see the content or distinguish color
  • HEARING: not being able to hear audio, video or any other kind of sound COGNITIVE: means inability to use mouse or keyboardMOBILITY: means inability to use mouse or keyboard. VISUAL: unable to see the content or distinguish color
  • And their importance in accessibility
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • And their importance in accessibility
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • And their importance in accessibility
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • And their importance in accessibility
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • ARIA uses a set of roles, states and properties to exposes your web page to the Accessibility APIs. These roles, states and properties are assigned on a webpage’s elements and they get exposed to the AT.
  • ARIA uses a set of roles, states and properties to exposes your web page to the Accessibility APIs. These roles, states and properties are assigned on a webpage’s elements and they get exposed to the AT.
  • ARIA uses a set of roles, states and properties to exposes your web page to the Accessibility APIs. These roles, states and properties are assigned on a webpage’s elements and they get exposed to the AT.
  • ARIA uses a set of roles, states and properties to exposes your web page to the Accessibility APIs. These roles, states and properties are assigned on a webpage’s elements and they get exposed to the AT.
  • ARIA uses a set of roles, states and properties to exposes your web page to the Accessibility APIs. These roles, states and properties are assigned on a webpage’s elements and they get exposed to the AT.
  • ARIA uses a set of roles, states and properties to exposes your web page to the Accessibility APIs. These roles, states and properties are assigned on a webpage’s elements and they get exposed to the AT.
  • ARIA uses a set of roles, states and properties to exposes your web page to the Accessibility APIs. These roles, states and properties are assigned on a webpage’s elements and they get exposed to the AT.
  • ARIA state is a dynamic property of an HTML element which represents data associated with the object but do not affect the essential nature of the element. There are two types of ARIA states, Global and Widget state
  • ARIA properties are similar to ARIA states but are relatively static in the web page and acts as additional properties to the HTML element.This will make the input field required in the form for Accessible devices.
  • ARIA properties are similar to ARIA states but are relatively static in the web page and acts as additional properties to the HTML element.This will make the input field required in the form for Accessible devices.
  • ARIA properties are similar to ARIA states but are relatively static in the web page and acts as additional properties to the HTML element.This will make the input field required in the form for Accessible devices.
  • ARIA properties are similar to ARIA states but are relatively static in the web page and acts as additional properties to the HTML element.This will make the input field required in the form for Accessible devices.
  • And their importance in accessibility
  • ARIA properties are similar to ARIA states but are relatively static in the web page and acts as additional properties to the HTML element.This will make the input field required in the form for Accessible devices.
  • ARIA properties are similar to ARIA states but are relatively static in the web page and acts as additional properties to the HTML element.This will make the input field required in the form for Accessible devices.
  • ARIA properties are similar to ARIA states but are relatively static in the web page and acts as additional properties to the HTML element.This will make the input field required in the form for Accessible devices.
  • ARIA properties are similar to ARIA states but are relatively static in the web page and acts as additional properties to the HTML element.This will make the input field required in the form for Accessible devices.
  • ARIA properties are similar to ARIA states but are relatively static in the web page and acts as additional properties to the HTML element.This will make the input field required in the form for Accessible devices.
  • And their importance in accessibility
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.
  • If you lighten the light colors and darken the dark colors in your design, you will increase its visual accessibility.

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