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Overview of Project Management:
What is a project? It's a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service or result.
A project is temporary in that it has a defined beginning and end in time, and therefore defined scope and
resources.
And a project is unique in that it is not a routine operation, but a specific set of operations designed to accomplish
a singular goal.
Project management, then, is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to
meet the project requirements.
It has always been practiced informally, but began to emerge as a distinct profession in the mid-20th century.
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Overview of Project Management:
PMI’s A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) identifies its recurring elements:
Project management processes fall into five groups:
• Initiating
• Planning
• Executing
• Monitoring and Controlling
• Closing
Project management knowledge draws on ten areas:
• Integration
• Scope
• Time
• Cost
• Quality
• Procurement
• Human resources
• Communications
• Risk management
• Stakeholder management
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Overview of Project Management:
Project management is the planning, organizing and managing the effort to accomplish a successful project. A
project is a one-time activity that produces a specific output and or outcome, for example, a building or a major
new computer system.
This is in contrast to a program, (referred to a 'programme' in the UK) which is
1) an ongoing process, such as a quality control program, or
2) an activity to manage a number of multiple projects together.
Project management includes developing a project plan, which involves defining and confirming the project goals
and objectives, how they will be achieved, identifying tasks and quantifying the resources needed, and
determining budgets and timelines for completion.
It also includes managing the implementation of the project plan, along with operating regular 'controls' to
ensure that there is accurate and objective information on 'performance' relative to the plan, and the
mechanisms to implement recovery actions where necessary.
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What is the management process?
Here are five project management phases you can use to deliver a successful project outcome.
1. Initiation or Definition Phase – This step includes the formal start of the project and the scope explanation. Your
Phase 1 documentation will include your concept description statement that includes the objectives based on the
purpose of the project as well as the desired outcome in detail. Once you receive approval, you will draft your proposal
including your risk calculations, finalizing everything in your project charter.
2. Planning Phase – The project manager formulates the best strategy for the team to accomplish the client objective. It
may fall on the project manager to choose his/her team members, in addition to requisitioning other resources. Setting
the timeline, schedule and communication lines would also take place during this phase.
3. Execution Phase – The project manager will shift focus during this stage. He/she will implement and oversee all
activities that create the result as outlined in the project plan. Prepare for this phase to take up the most time,
resources and energy.
4. Control Phase – Execution and control occur simultaneously. The project manager monitors the team assuring that the
projected performance from the planning phase becomes a reality.
5. Closure Phase – During this last stage, the project manager will facilitate the finalization of any administrative tasks,
reporting documentation updating and present the resulting deliverable to his/her executive leadership. You can
calculate your individual managerial and your project team’s success by answering one important question. Did you
meet and/or exceed the client requirements for the job? Most likely, your customer’s top priorities will include an on-
time execution while your team comes in under budget. The client need dictates all else.
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What is the management knowledge areas?
In the PMBOK Guide (Project Management Body of Knowledge) there are 10 Knowledge Areas. It is true that
every manager should have a basic understanding of these 10 topics.
✓ Integration – This knowledge area contains all 5 project stages. During integration, you will develop the plan, assess
risks, and make necessary adjustments along the way to ensure a successful execution.
✓ Scope – Scope outlines stakeholder expectations. Comprehending the desired outcome of your project is fundamental
to your success as a project manager.
✓ Time – They say timing is everything, and keeping your project on track is of utmost importance. Time management
expertise will help you to designate activities and set appropriate project milestones to meet deadlines and successfully
allocate resources.
✓ Cost – Elements of cost management occur throughout the project. Properly estimating all areas of project cost and
overseeing expenses during the project process will help you and your team to stay on budget.
✓ Quality – Making sure your PSR (product/service/result) meets the client expectations is your goal. Your project falls
short if your deliverable is anything other than exactly what the customer and/or stakeholders require.
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What is the management knowledge areas?
✓ Procurement – It may be that you’ll need services that contribute to your project outcome that are outside the
expertise of your project team. You should know how to plan for this contingency, choose an external vendor and
create/closeout a contract.
✓ Human Resources – It may fall to you as the project manager to assemble your team from across your company’s
human capital pool, and possibly to bring in outside contractors as well. Regardless of your project size, you’ll need to
know how to coordinate and lead your team effectively.
✓ Communications – Communication isn’t only about the right information. You must also know how and when to
provide information along the way. Learn how to craft an effective message, how to get that message out and how to
manage project knowledge.
✓ Risk Management – Even the best laid plans sometimes don’t come off without a hitch. Know how to identify and
evaluate those things that can derail your project, so that through ongoing response planning and monitoring, you can
mitigate delays and resource over expenditure.
✓ Stakeholder Management – Stakeholders include people or organizations involved with your project. You should know
how to create engagement and management approaches to include your stakeholders in the project outcome.
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The Project Management Institute (PMI)
The Project Management Institute (PMI) is the biggest PM profession’s global association. The PMI provides
services including the development of standards, research, education, publication, networking-opportunities in
local chapters, hosting conferences and training seminars, and providing accreditation in project management.
The PMP Certification
For the next step toward additional education in the project management field, look into attaining the most recognized
achievement, PMP Professional Certification. This designation behind your name signifies to companies worldwide that you
are ready and able to lead projects as a project manager.
Project Management Professional (PMP) is an internationally recognized, professional designation offered by the Project
Management Institute (PMI). There are currently 700k active PMP certified individuals and 284 chartered chapters across
210 countries and territories worldwide. The exam is based on the PMI Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK).
To get more details about the exam, please search “Project Management Professional Handbook - PDF” in Google and read
in detail about PMP and its exam by PMI.