2. INTRODUCTION TO OD
• According to Koonz, “OD is a systematic integrated and
planned approach to improve the effectiveness of the
enterprise. It is designed to solve problems that adversely
affect the operational efficiency at all levels”.
7. Sensitivity Training
• Sensitivity Training is a method of changing behavior
through unstructured group interaction.
• Sensitivity Training Basically aims at
Growth of effective membership
Developing ability to learn
Simulating to give help
Developing insights to be sensitive to group processes
8. Team Building
• Team building involves activities that help team members learn how
each member thinks and works
• Team Building helps
Team clarify their goals
Build ownership for the goals as well as commitment to the success of
the team and its objectives
Help motivate the team members and build stronger working
relationships between all individuals
This speeds up the normal development of the team, helps set it on the
best course and brings it quickly to a stage of agreement, progress and
clarity
9. Intergroup Development
• Intergroup Development is concerned with changing in
attitude and perception that groups have about each other.
• It is very imp to OD practitioners to diagnose and understand
the inter group relations because
To achieve the goals of the group they must work with and
through other groups
Groups can create problems within the organisation
The level of the organisation effectiveness depends on the
quality of relationship between the groups.
10. Process Consultation
• An outside consultation helps the manager understand how
interpersonal processes are affecting the way work is being done
• Principles of Process Consultation:-
Always try to be careful
Always stay in touch with current reality
Access your ignorance
Go with the flow
When in doubt share the problem
Client owns the problems and solution
11. Survey Feedback
• Survey Feedback is a tool which provides an organisation with a honest opinion
of what their present or future customers think about them and helps them in
taking an informed decision.
• Steps Involved in Survey Feedback:
• (a) Identifying the objective of conducting the survey.
• (b) Informing all the members including the team leads and other employees
about the procedure for conducting the survey.
• (c) Starting the ground work.
• (d) Organizing and conducting the interviews of target groups.
• (e) Analyzing the data obtained and generating a report out of that.
• (f) Based on the report providing proper feedback.
• (g) Presenting the final report to the top management.
• (h) Devising policies so that the survey results can help to serve the given
objective.
12. Factors for OD Success
• Systematic processes to identify problems,generating
solutions, and implementing those solutions.
• Employee participation
• Timeliness
• Top Management Involvement
• Organisation must be ready for change
13. Effectiveness of OD
Career Development
Stress Management
Coaching cross cultural training orientation
Management Development tool
20. Steps in the Planned Change Process
Recognition
(Both agent of change and organization explore
together)
Penetration
(Developing a mutual agreement)
Diagnosis
(Identifying the objectives that can sustain changes)
Planning
(Identifying the steps and the possible resistance to
change)
Action
(Implementing the action plan)
Stabilization and Evaluation
(Evaluating the success of the change and the need
to either continue, or stop the process)
Termination
(Departing from the organization, or the end of a
project & the beginning of another)
21. Ingredients for Successful Change
• Readiness for change
• High-quality solution
• Solution is acceptable to members
1. Determined by
• Process by which change is introduced
• Adequacy of solution
• Individual resistance
• Systematic resistance
22. Designing the Intervention Strategy
• Diagnose the environment – readiness of target group
for change
• Develop an action plan – specific targets and
techniques
• Evaluation of the results of the intervention
24. Human Processual Interventions
• Survey feedback
– Organizational variables to measure
– Design and implementation of survey
– Presentation of results
• Team building
– Preliminary diagnosis for need
– Change agent with wide range of knowledge
– Change manager and agent should develop general
approach to sessions
25. Technostructural Interventions
• Job enlargement
• Job enrichment :-Greater effect on productivity
• Alternative work schedules
–Moderate effect on work output
–Withdrawal
–Effects on attitudes