viz:antifeedants,insect attractants,insect repellents,genetic control and insect growth regulators

1. RECENT METHODS OF PEST
CONTROL
SUBMITTED BY:
PRAGTI NEGI
(3rd year) Bsc agriculture
CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY

2. PEST CONTROL:DEFINITION
• Pest control is the regulation or management of a species defined as a pest,
a member of the animal kingdom that impacts adversely on human activities.
The human response depends on the importance of the damage done, and
will range from tolerance, through deterrence and management, to attempts
to completely eradicate the pest. Pest control measures may be performed as
part of an integrated pest management strategy.

3. RECENT METHODS
• ANTIFEEDANTS
• INSECT ATTRACTANTS
• INSECT REPELLENTS
• GENETIC CONTROL/AUTOCIDAL CONTROL
• INSECT GROWTH REGULATORS

4. (A)ANTIFEEDANTS/GUSTATORY
REPELLENTS/FEEDING
DETERRENTS/REJECTANTS
• a natural or synthetic substance that stops or inhibits feeding by a pest and
especially an insect , when applied on the foliage without impairing their
appetite.
• pesticides derived from plants such as the neem tree, which act as antifeedants
and repellents.
• Since insects don’t feed on the treated surface ,they die due to starvation.

5. MODE OF ACTION
• They inhibit gustatory receptors or taste receptors of the mouth parts of an
insect.

6. GROUPS OF ANTIFEEDANTS
• TRIAZINES: e.g. -acetanilide
• ORGANOTINS: compounds having tin. e.g.- triphenyl tin acetate
• CARBAMATES: sub lethal doses of thiocarbamates are present. E.g. :
baygon
• BOTANICALS: antifeedants from non host plants. E.g.-pyrethrum , neem
apple factor ,solanum alkaloids :solanine and leptin.

7. CONTI..
ADVANTAGES
• Affect plant feeders ,but safe to natural
enemies.
• pest not immediately killed , so natural
enemies can feed on them.
• No phytotoxicity, or pollution.
DISADVANTAGES
• Only chewing insects killed, not
sucking type of insects.
• As the insect not immediately killed,
they can move to untreated plants and
damage them.
• New growth of the plant , is not
protected

8. (B) INSECT REPELLENTS
• An insect repellent (also commonly called "bug spray") is a substance
applied to skin, clothing, or other surfaces which
discourages insects(and arthropods in general) from landing or climbing on
that surface.
• MODE OF ACTION
• Influence both gustatory and olfactory receptors.

9. TYPES OF REPELLENTS
PHYSICAL REPELLENTS
• Contact repellents :waxes , oils.
• Auditory repellents: make use of amplified
sounds.
• Barrier repellents: tar bands or mosquito
nets.
• Visual repellents: make use of yellow light.
• Antifeedants: insects not able to feed on
the plant .
CHEMICAL REPELLENTS
• PLANT ORIGIN/ NATURAL ORIGIN:
oils from citronella ,camphor , cedarwood
and lemon grass.
• SYNTHETIC ORIGIN : dimethyl
phthalate , naphthalene, Bordeaux
mixture, and smoke

10. (C) INSECT ATTRACTANTS
DEFINITION:
• A chemical that lures (tempts to do
something/to go somewhere) insects
to a trap, thereby removing them from
crops, animals or stored products.
• MODE OF ACTION : affects both
gustatory and olfactory receptors.
MELON FLY PHEROMONE TRAP

11. TYPES OF ATTRACTANTS
(a)PHEROMONES: is a secreted or
excreted chemical factor that triggers a
social response in members of the
same species. Pheromones are chemicals
capable of acting like hormones outside the
body of the secreting individual, to impact
the behavior of the receiving
individuals.[1] There are alarm pheromones, food
trail pheromones, sex pheromones, and many
others that affect behavior or physiology.
A fanning honeybee exposes Nasonov's
gland (white – at tip of abdomen) releasing
pheromone to entice swarm into an empty
hive

12. (b)FOOD LURES
• Chemicals present in plant and
animal hosts that attracts insect for
feeding.
• They stimulate olfactory receptors.

13. (c) OVIPOSITION LURES
• Chemicals that governs the selection of suitable sites for oviposition by the
adult female.
• Ex: corn attractants for H. armigera

14. (d) POISON BAITS
It is a mixture of food lures and insecticides. The effort is made to make the
bait more attractive to insects than their natural food.
Also given to non insect pests like rodents and rats.
Broadcast on a floor or spray to kill the inect.

15. (D) GENETIC INSECT
CONTROL/AUTOCIDAL CONTROL
• Genetic control is a form of biological control of pest species which exploits
the insect's mate-seeking expertise to introduce genetic abnormalities
(typically, but not necessarily, dominant lethal mutations) into the eggs of the
wild population. The effectiveness of radiation-sterilized males depends on
the mating competitiveness of released males being adequate in relation to
the recovery potential of and rate of immigration into the target population.

16. (E) INSECT GROWTH REGULATORS
• Compounds which interferes with the growth ,development and
metamorphosis of an insect.
• TYPES: ECDYSONE /MOULTING HORMONE : causes defective
cuticle formation.
• JUVENOIDS: compounds having juvenile hormone, found in the paper
made of balsam fir tree.
• ANTI JH/PRECOCENES: compounds which would antagonize the JH
activity and de-arrange the insect development. They affect insect diapause ,
reproduction and behaviour.
• CHITIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS: disrupt moulting by blocking the
formation of chitin ( the building block of insect exoskeleton).e.g.
Diflubenzuron , flufenoxuron.

17. THANKYOU.