2.  Describe roles of participant, leader and
official in different activities
 Describe the different types of decision
making in physical activities
 Explain the importance of abiding by rules
and codes of behaviour in sport
 Explain the importance of etiquette and
sportsmanship

3. You can take up a number of roles in physical activity,
so you can be active and healthy by
▪ actually playing sport
▪ being a teacher or coach
▪ being an official for a sport

4.  As a participant in a physical activity e.g. (an exercise
class) or (your sport) you will play a role.
 The role may be
 to follow the instructions of the tutor,
 or to score as many goals as possible
 or to be the captain of the team
 Pg 26 Activity 2

5.  Responsibilities I have:

6.  Many ways to lead in physical activity
 Captain of a team, be a coach or instructor etc...
 Communication is a vital skill to have to lead effectively.
 Communication can be verbal and non-verbal e.g.?
 Communication is also about listening
 Use Pg 27 to make a list of good communication
practical elements

8.  What other qualities does a good leader have?
 Use Pg 27/28 to help you

9.  As a leader you need to be able to ‘educate’
your learners. In particular:
 Hydration – types, reasons, recommendations
 Sport Psychology – goal setting and
motivational principles
 Physiology – principles of warm up and cool
downs, fitness components and the principles
of training

10.  This may mean refereeing, umpiring,
timekeeping, scoring, starting or judging
 You may help organise an activity or
competition
 There are three main area’s that you have
control over:
 Officials responsibilities
 Communication
 Judgement

11.  There is normally a long list of these
 Most include:
 Appearance
 Personal equipment
 Fitness
 Knowledge and use of rules
 Control of game
 Safety
 Playing equipment
 Playing surfaces
 Fair play and the spirit of the game

12.  This will include,
 How you use your voice E.G.?
 Confidence
 Use of your whistle
 Hand signals
 Decision making
 Interpretation of the rules
 Terminology
 Scoring
 Starting
 Judging

13.  The basic role of an official is to be ’safe’ and ‘fair’.
 If you can do these you will be a good official
 The word ‘fair’ is one that can be flexible
 Rules can be interpreted differently depending on:
 The official
 The level of play
 The style of play
 As you get more experience you will be able to get your own
style and officiate in that way
 It is vital, that as official your judgement on anything that is
unsafe is penalised

14.  Referee’s and umpires generally wear
something different to the players
 They have been around for a long time, (during
the ancient Olympic games)
 Coaches and participants who didn’t listen to
the rules were harshly dealt with.

16.  See Pg 30

17.  Why do we have rules?
 Protects the individuals – if they are followed, the likelihood of an
accident happening is less likely.
 It also allows the game to be played fairly and include boundaries
of behaviour involving mutual respect
 If rules are broken there are normally consequences, e.g?
 It may even mean being sent off and also getting a fine
 What is Etiquette? Pg 31

18.  These involve fairness and generosity
 Those who show good etiquette or sportsmanship stick to
the rules and can loose gracefully
 Things like shaking hands at the end or start fo a game is
good etiquette
 Also activities like using a gym, you would put the free
weights back in there place once you’ve used them. Or
towelling down the machines to remove sweat after use.

19.  Use Pg 32

20.  A revision tool