1. Exam-
Learning Skills in P.E
1) Explain the cognitive learning theory as proposed by Gestaltists and apply it to a
practical situation. (4)
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2) Operant conditioning is one way of learning a movement skill. Use an example
from Physical Education or sport to explain how a performer learns by operant
conditioning. (4)
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3) Use the following words to fill the blank spaces in the passage below
Problem connected or associated linking
Stimulus learning bonds recalled
Connectionist or Association Theories rely on the learner ______________ or
connecting a _______________ from the environment with a movement response.
The stimulus may take the form of a _________________. An example of this in
Badminton would be: the shuttle may be hit high and deep into the opponent’s court.
In response the receiver could play an overhead clear shot. If successful, this response
becomes ________________ ______ ____________ with the stimulus and stored in

3. the long term memory. Connections are called ______________ which can be
_______________ and repeated should similar environmental conditions reoccur. (6)
4) Briefly explain the differences between the Connectionist and Cognitive approach
to learning? (2)
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5) Thorndike suggested three laws to strengthen the stimulus response bond. Use a
practical example to explain each of these methods. (4)
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6) Use the following words to fill the blank spaces in the passage below
Verbal Demonstration Visual model
Imitation Stages of learning Cognitive phase
Visual guidance autonomous phase
Observational Learning is a form of ___________________ ___________________
usually associated with ____________________. This method presents the learner
with a _____________ _________________ which can be copied and matched.
Learning by observation is a very powerful principle being both time saving and more
interesting than a lengthy __________________ explanation. Demonstrations are
important at all _______________ _______ ____________________. During the
__________________ ________ _________________ and the associative phase,
the novice will be able to grasp the general idea of what is required and be motivated
by the exhibition. At the _______________ ______________________ a
demonstration is useful in highlighting detailed and specific points in performance.
(8)
7) Name and explain the four elements proposed by Bandura which will influence
the effect of observational learning.
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(8)