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1. TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE
BROADCASTING INDUSTRY
THE PERSPECTIVE OF DEVELOPING
COUNTRIES
25TH MAY 2009- GENEVA
THARAKA MOHOTTY
CEng (UK), PGDip (Elect &Telecomm)SL,
MSc (Business Mgt)SL, Dip in J (SL),
MIEE (UK), MIEEE (USA), MIET (UK)
Director Engineering – MTV/MBC Sri
Lanka
Chairman-Training & Resources (ABU)
Chairman-Developing Broadcasters
Forum (ABU)
Bureau Member (ABU)

2. A WORD ABOUT ABU
 207 members in 57 countries
 58 Full Members
 40 Affiliated Members
 42 Associated Members
 67 Affiliated Members

3. INTRODUCTION
 It is certainly not easy to summarize the
status of Broadcasting of Developing
countries as different as Bhutan and Sri
Lanka or Afghanistan and Laos.
 But they have some common roots and
experience common technical
developments.
 Therefore there are a number of
similarities, which are worth being
pointed out and may lead to general
conclusions.

4. SIMILERITIES
 Today all of the broadcasting stations basically
have analogue equipment,tapes or record
archives.
 Many of the stations have started some isolated
projects to digitize some of their analogue
holdings.
 The catalogues of most of the archives are kept
in lists, books or index cards.
 Many of the stations have either partly or fully
changed their programme production to digital
and computer based systems.
 The newsrooms in most of the stations use
computers for news access (Internet) and news

5. REVIEW OF NEW BROADCASTING
TECHNOLOGIES
 HDTV and DTV
 Mobile TV
 IPTV
 Digital Radio
 Emergency Broadcasting

6. NONLINEAR EDITING. REAL-TIME SHARED MEDIA. VTR
REPLACEMENT.
INTEGRATED ASSET MANAGEMENT. TAPELESS ACQUISITION
 In the face of today's competitive,
budget, and deadline pressures, even
developing broadcasters do not have
the time or resources to fill the holes
in their production workflow.
Digital systems must be integrated
with legacy systems and software.
Most of the DB’s able to make the transition to digital
production smoothly .( Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, etc.)

7. ISSUES IN ASSET MANAGEMENT
 - Lack of attention
 - Lack of funding
 - No consistent catalogue
 - Archive's services are not often
requested
 - Low qualification of archive personal
 - Difficult environmental conditions
 - Poor storage conditions
 - Lack of a collection policy

8. DIGITAL TELEVISION IN THE REGION
Countries/ Territories System Status T-A-D ASO
Afghanistan
Bahrain RRC06
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Brunei(Negara Darussalam) DVB-T trial broadcasts
2006/01_T
2005/08/29_A
2008/08/D
Cambodia DVB-T adopted 2007/05_A
China, People’s Republic of (incl. Tibet)
DMB-T/H adopted,
Commercial DVB-T services
2005_T
2006/08/18_A
2008_D
2015-2018
East Timor (Timor-Leste)
Hong Kong DMB-T/H
2006/08/18_A
2007/12/31_D
2012
India DVB-T adopted
2000_T
1999/07/08_A
Indonesia (incl. Iran Jaya) DVB-T trial broadcasts 2007/05_A

9. Countries/ Territories System Status T-A-D ASO
Iran DVB-T trial broadcasts
2006_T
2001_A
2009_D
Iraq
Japan ISDB-T 2003/12_D 2011/07/24
Jordan RRC06
Korea, North
Korea, South ATSC
1997/11/21_A
2001_D
2012/12/31
Kuwait RRC06
Kyrgyztan RRC06
Laos DVB-T trial broadcasts 2007/05_A
Lebanon RRC06
Macao (Macau) DMB-T/H adopted 2006/08/18_A
Malaysia DVB-T trial broadcasts
2006/09_T
2005/08/29_A
2015
Maldives
Mongolia
Myanmar DVB-T adopted 2005/08/29_A

10. Countries/ Territories System Status T-A-D ASO
Nepal
Oman RRC06
Pakistan
Philippines DVB-T trial broadcasts
2007/01_T
2006/11_A
2015/12/31
Qatar RRC06
Saudi Arabia DVB-T
2004_T
2006/06/11_D
Singapore DVB-T
2000/12_T
1999_A
Socotra RRC06
Sri Lanka DVB-T trial broadcasts 2008/01/23_T
Syria RRC06
Taiwan DVB-T
2001_T
2001_A
2004/06_D
2010
Tajikistan
Thailand DVB-T trial broadcasts 2007/05_A
Turkmenistan
United Arab Emirates, UAE (incl. the Emirates
Abu Dhabi and Dubai)
DVB-T trial broadcasts 2007_T
Uzbekistan RRC06
Vietnam DVB-T trial broadcasts
2001_T
2007/05_A
2015
Yemen RRC06

11. MOBILE TV
 Broadcast to hand-sets (mobile phones, PDAs),
notebook PCs, etc. Interactive and audio services.
T-DMB (Terrestrial-DMB)
Evolved from DAB. Allows video, audio and data to be
transmitted to mobile devices. More efficient audio coding.
Backward compatible with DAB audio (MUSICAM).
 DVB-H (Digital Video Broadcasting – Handheld)
Tailored for transmitting multiple TV channels to mobile
devices. Time-slicing technology conserves battery power of
mobile devices.

12. MOBILE TV
South Korea and Japan
 Launched 3G and commercial
mobile TV broadcast
South East Asia
 Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines,
Cambodia and Brunei - launched 3G
 DVB-H trials in a number of the countries

13. MOBILE TV
South Korea and Japan
 Launched 3G and commercial mobile TV
broadcast
South East Asia
 Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia,
Philippines, Cambodia and Brunei -
launched 3G
 DVB-H trials in a number of Developing
countries

14. IPTV -FUTURE FOR ASIA
According to ASIA PACIFIC
MULTICHANNEL MARKETS ,cable
could lose its grip on the region in the
next ten years, as DTH and IPTV
services capture market share. IPTV
platforms operated by Telco's over DSL
or fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) networks
are forecast to develop even in the
developing countries.
All countries have IP telephony and VoIP
in some manner and the market is
growing
October 1, 2008 Sri Lanka Joins World
IPTV Club- uses Optibase H.264
streaming platforms

15. ISSUES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
 The Asia-Pacific region offers huge
potential, but the regulatory environment
is restricting development.
 Countries do not have the sufficient
connectivity infrastructure to support
streaming video over IP.
 Consumer spending power.

16. DIGITAL RADIO - PRODUCTIONS
 The few radio stations in Asia trying to
turn the news and production system
digital. The main features of the system
are:
» Text Editing
» Audio Editing
» Auto recording
» Wire Service
» Prompter for the news delivery
» Archiving

17. DIGITAL RADIO - TRANSMISSIONS
 Exploring DRM MW Simulcast in the
Region
MW Tx conversion to DRM
Examining simulcast modes
 HD Radio
Trials in Vietnam

18. SHORTWAVE DRM RADIO
 Services operating from
Japan, China, New Zealand, Sri Lanka,
Korea Republic
 Newcomers:
Malaysia, Bangladesh, India, Bhutan
,Papua New Guinea

19. DRM-ABU-AIR SHOWCASE PROJECT
MAY 2007, NEW DELHI
 SIMULCAST - Transmitting Analogue,
Digital together ,Analogue 9 kHz, Digital 9
kHz

20. HD RADIO
 Digital Radio Transmission Workshop and
Field Measurements in MW & FM Band”
took place from 10-13 February in
Hanoi. It tested digital radio HD Radio
transmissions using the In-Band On-
Channel (IBOC) approach, where
broadcasters are able to transmit digital
signals along with analogue signals
within the existing allocated spectrum.

21. EMERGENCY BROADCASTING
 Radio and Television broadcasters are
planning for more effective early warning
systems in the Asia-Pacific region by
increasing the rate and accuracy of
information flows from meteorological
and disaster management organisations
to broadcasters.
Earthquake
Seismograph
Earthquake Early Warning
relayed to public
0 5 10
Mediaorganizations,
Emergencyservices,etc.
Meteorological
Agency
S
e
c
o
n
d
l
y
W
a
v
e Earthquake Early
Warning
▲
▲
Primary Wave
Computer generate Earthquake Early
Warning upon detection P wave
Data
Time from Earthquake Early Warning until arrival of S-wave
２２ Sec.
1２
Figure Ⅰ:Concept of Earthquake Early Warning

22. CONVERGENCE
 Convergence of Operators
 Convergence of Services
 Convergence of Technology
 Convergence of Markets
 Convergence of Regulation

23. DRIVING FORCES TOWARDS NEW ERA
 Telecommunications technologies are changing
rapidly.
 The quality of the pictures and sound available is
increasing.
 The number of available programs is multiplying.
 New delivery mechanisms are appearing every day.
 Viewers are becoming used to interactivity.
 Consumers can now decide where, when and what
they want to see or hear; not the broadcasters.

24. IMPORTANT FACTS
 Viewers don't 'buy' brands or technology -
they 'buy' content. Technology is simply
the gateway to deliver entertainment
services and programming.
 Piracy-the unlicensed use, reproduction,
sale, or distribution of copyrighted
material-is a plague of the digital era. It is
the largest single threat to the survival of
creative enterprises

25. THANK YOU