Online Turkish language Grammar Plurals Yoksa

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Plurals
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Orhan Hoca is an English Language teacher and he has been teaching
Turkish language (his mother tongue) for more than 7 years.
As an expeirenced Turkish language teacher, he offers one to one live
online Turkish language lessons. He teaches Turkish language via a
virtual classroom application that gives all the benefits of face to face
lessons such as screen sharing, voiced and video conference.
In his virtual classroom, he makes use of his own Powerpoint classes,
Turkish Language PDF documents, word documents, interactive tests
and so on.
He offers free trial lessons in order to meet his learners and discuss
their personel needs in developing Turkish Language
For further information about his Turkish language services
you can contact him via one of his e-mails below;
orhanhoca@outlook.com.tr
orhanbas74@hotmail.com - info@study-turkish.com
Prepared and Narrated by
ORHAN HOCA, Turkish Language Teacher

VOCABULARY
OTOBÜS
Bu bir otobüs mü(dür)?
TREN
Hayır, bu bir tren değil.
ARABA
Şu bir arabadır.
BUNLAR
Bunlar çocuktur.
ONLAR
Onlar köpek değildir.
BUS
Is this a bus?
TRAIN
No, this isn’t a train.
CAR
That is a car.
THESE
These are children.
THEY
They aren’t dogs.

VOCABULARY
ŞUNLAR
Şunlar portakal mı?
YOKSA
Bu bir çiçek mi(dir) yoksa ağaç mı(dır)?
ELMA
Şu bir elmadır.
PORTAKAL
Hayır bu bir portakal değildir. Elmadır.
OTEL
Orası otel mi(dir)?
THOSE
Are those oranges?
OR
Is this a flower or a tree?
APPLE
That is an apple.
ORANGE
That isn’t an orange. That is an apple.
HOTEL
Is that place a hotel?

VOCABULARY
LOKANTA
Burası bir lokantadır.
GEMİ
Şu bir gemi değildir.
RESİM
O bir resim midir?
ŞOFÖR
Bu bir şoför müdür?
POLİS
O bir polis değildir.
RESTAURANT
This place is a restaurant.
SHIP
That isn't a ship.
PICTURE
Is it a picture
DRİVER
Is this a driver.
POLİCEMAN
This isn't a policeman.

Nouns are made plural by adding that plural suffixes -
lar or-ler, according to the rules of vowel harmony (if the last
vowel of the noun word is a, ı, o or u add -lar, if it is e, i, ö or ü
add -ler).
PLURAL-ÇOĞUL
Kitap book
kitaplar books
Araba car
arabalar cars
Kapı door
kapılar doors

Televizyon televizyonlar
television televisions
kuş kuşlar
bird birds
defter defterler
note-book note-books
polis polisler
policeman policemen
göz gözler
eye eyes
şoför şoförler
drive r drivers
gül güller
rose roses
PLURAL-ÇOĞUL

BUNLAR, ŞUNLAR, ONLAR
You have already seen bu, şu and o. Now the forms “bunlar,
şunlar and onlar” will be introduced.
Bu Bunlar
this these
Şu Şunlar
that those
O Onlar
it they

As you can see, in order to make plurals with bu, şu and
o, the letter ‘n’ is added before the plural siffix -lar
Bu bu-n-lar,
Şu şu-n-lar,
O o-n-lar
To make Bu bir evdir into plural, bu changes to bunlar,
ev to evler, and bir is omitted. But generally, in
conversational Turkish, it will be enough to use just one
plural suffix.
Bu bir evdir. This a house.
Bunlar evlerdir. These are houses.

Combining the plural and be-suffixes -lerdir, -lardır , is
consireded not to sound good, and the plural suffix preceeding
the be-suffix is asually omitted-adding a plural suffix to bu
(bunlar) for example is enough.
Bu bir kedidir. Bunlar kedidir.
this is a cat. these are cats.
Şu bir anahtardır. Şunlar anahtardır.
That is a key. those are keys
O bir otobüsdür. Onlar otobüsdür
It is a bus they are buses

Bu bir çiçektir. Bunlar çiçektr.
this is a flower these are flowers
Şu bir televizyondur Şunlar televizyondur.
That is a television Those are televisions
O bir resimdir. Onlar resimdir.
It is a picture they are pictures
We can see from the above sentences that whereas in English
the plural suffix (the letter s) is always used (added to the noun to
maek it plorar), Turkish the plural can be indicated just by bunlar
/şunlar /onlar/.note also that the be-suffix may be used but does not
change-that english equivalent, ''is'' , becomes ''are'' for plurals

BUNLAR (ŞUNLAR, ONLAR) NEDİR?
Having seen questiun forms with bu /şu/o we now look out
question with these in the plural
Bunlar nedir? Onlar evdir.
What are these? They are houses.
Şunlar nedir? Onlar tabaktır.
What are those? They are plates.
Onlar nedir? Onlar bardaktır.
What are they? They are glasses.
Bunlar nedir? Onlar kapıdır.
What are these? They are doors.
Şunlar nedir? Onlar sözlüktür.
What are those? They are dictionaries.

YOKSA
Yoksa (=or) is used when we want toask which of the alternatives in
a question is correct. Yoksa joins two complete sentences. (Note that
the question marker is repeated, but bu/şu/o is not.
Bu bir otobüs müdür yoksa bir tren midir?
Is this a bus or a train?
Şu bir öğretmen midir yoksa öğrenci mi(dir)?
Is that a teacher or a student?

O bir okul mudur yoksa ev midir? Is a school or a house?
Bu otobüs mü yoksa tren mı? Is this a bus or a train?
O okul mu yoksa ev mi? Is it a school or a house
YOKSA

As these question cannot be answered by just 'yes' or 'no' , a
full sentence answer is necessary .
Bu bir çanta mıdır yoksa bir sepet midir? O bir çantadır.
Is this a bag or a basket? It is a bag.
Şu bir köpek midir yoksa bir kedi midir? O bir kedidir.
Is that a dog or a cat? It ıs a cat.
YOKSA

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