2. Introduction
◦ Scope
◦ Definition of key terms
History of cloud computing
Cloud service models
Cloud deployment models
Advantages of cloud computing
Issues
◦ Privacy and security
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
◦ Laws and regulations
Recommendations This image is taken from
http://www.itp.net/584104-gartner-warns-of-
cloud-service-contract-risks
3. Cloud computing – a technology that provides web-based solutions and
services to the public using networks, servers, data warehouses‟, software
applications and internet services managed by a third party (Giard &
Lessard, 2010).
Nowadays, cloud-based services are being adopted by organisations at a
rapid rate.
Web 2.0 tools, social networking sites are all examples in which individuals
are moving their activities to „the cloud‟
In 2010, Gartner predicted that cloud-based services generated more than
$68 billion in worldwide revenue (Mielke, 2010).
This image is taken from http://www.theindiagate.info/2011/04/regulations-for-the-
cloud-ieee/
4. History of cloud computing
Back to the 1960s, computer scientist John McCarthy wrote that “computation
may someday be organized as a public utility”
In 1997, the term was used for the first time in its current context by lecturer
Ramnath Chellappa who defined it as a new “computing paradigm where the
boundaries of computing will be determined by economic rationale rather
than technical limits alone” (Biswas-a, 2011).
In 1999, Salesforce.com - one of the first movers in cloud
computing, introduced the concept of delivering enterprise applications via a
website.
Amazon launched Amazon Web Service in 2002, Google launched GoogleDocs
in 2006
In 2007, an industry-wide collaboration between Google, IBM and a number
of universities across the United States soon followed.
Microsoft‟s entry into cloud computing came in 2009 with the launch of
Windows Azure
(Biswas, 2011)
5. Cloud service types
There are 3 major models for cloud computing which are:
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS).
This image is taken from:
http://www.maintec.com/blog/cloud-computing-demystified/ /
6. IAAS
IAAS – Infrastructure as a Service
IaaS involves physical computer hardware such as CPU
processing, memory, data storage and network connectivity being provided
by a vendor.
Example of an IaaS service vendor is Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2).
According to In-Stat, it is expected that IaaS spending will approach $4 billion
from 2011 to 2014
7. PAAS
PAAS –Platform as a Service
PaaS enables customers to use the vendor‟s cloud infrastructure to deploy
web applications and other software developed by the customer using
programming languages supported by the vendor .
Example of PaaS vendors: Google App Engine, Amazon Web Services Elastic
Beanstalk and Microsoft Windows Auzre platform.
According to In-Stat, PaaS spending will increase 113 percent annually to
approximately $460 million in 2014.
8. SAAS
SAAS – Software as a service
The strongest cloud trend and services
The Application itself is provided by the service provider.
Examples: Google doc, Gmail, Hotmail, Flickr
From 2011 to 2014, SaaS spending is expected to grow 112 percent
annually.
9. Cloud deployment models
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https://wiki.cloudsecurityalliance.org/guidance/index.php/Cloud_Computing_Architectural_
Framework
10. Public cloud
The service are provided to the client from a third party service provider
through the Internet.
Public clouds have a maximum potential in cost efficiencies
Security risks must be concerned
Examples: Amazon
This image is taken from:
http://www.definethecloud.net/tag/public-cloud/
11. Private cloud
A private cloud involves an organisation‟s exclusive use of cloud
infrastructure and services located on premises or offsite which is then
managed by the organisation or a selected vendor.
Reduced potential security concerns
Examples: HP Data Centers
This image is taken from:
http://www.hightechdad.com/2012/01/31/a-cloud-for-all-seasons-
picking-the-right-cloud/
12. Hybrid cloud
Hybrid clouds attempt to obtain most of the security benefits of a private cloud, and
most of the economic benefits of a public cloud.
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http://www.cloudave.com/6/perform-the-hybrid-cloud-dance-easily-
with-newscale-rpath-and-eucalyptus/
13. Cloud computing advantages
• Cost savings
• No maintenance issues
• Simplicity
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http://www.dailyblogging.org/internet/cloud-computing-advantages/
14. Cloud computing issues
Security/Privacy Laws and regulations
This image is taken from
http://www.gfi.com/blog/cloud-computing-
security-implications-service-provider/ This image is taken from
http://www.gfi.com/blog/cloud-computing-
security-implications-service-provider/
15. Security/Privacy
1. Confidentiality
privacy of information (Antonopoulos, et
al., 2010).
2. Integrity
the authorisation to modify assets in the
cloud (Antonopoulos, et al., 2010).
3. Availability
the availability of data when it is needed This image is taken from
(Antonopoulos, et al., 2010). http://www.gfi.com/blog/cloud-
computing-security-implications-
service-provider/
16. 1- Confidentiality
The increased number of authorised parties to
access the cloud computing makes the data more
vulnerable to be compromised (Zissis, 2010). data
requires high algorithm encryption before it is
stored in the cloud. (Kalyani, Sonia, &
Paikrao, 2012).
This image is taken from
http://www.corporatecomplianceinsights.com/company/cipher
cloud/
17. 2- Integrity
Tampering QUT library data is most likely to cause daunting
damage. This issue is greater in the public cloud than it is in private
cloud. The private cloud is set up on private network, whereases;
the public cloud is off-site (Kuyoro, et al., 2011). Therefore, private
cloud is more secure for QUT library.
This image is taken from
http://patricksclouds.wordpress.com/2011/06/09/if-the-
private-cloud-benefits-the-public-cloud-economic-model/
18. 3- Availability
cloud computing provider must be trusted party to deal with.
Trusted third party is the one that is fully compliant in its
financial, legal, and technical elements (Zissis, 2010). The
protection of intellectual property within „the cloud‟ for QUT
library should focus on creating a strong contract, ensuring
that the business retains the rights to all data stored within the
remote servers (LegalIQ, 2011).
This image is taken from This image is taken from
http://www.techrepublic.com/blog/cio- http://meship.com/Blog/2011/03/18/cloud-
insights/cloud-computing-how-to-make- computing-contracts-and-services-whats-
the-right-choices/39747431 really-happening/
19. Laws and regulations
One feature of cloud computing is that data can be
localised, shared and stored in several countries, depending on
what the service provider decides. However, when QUT library opt
for cloud computing services, they relinquish all control over its
information (Giard & Lessard, 2010). Therefore, it is
recommended that contract specify the countries that the
information can be accessed and used from.
This image is taken from http://www.gfi.com/blog/cloud-computing-
security-implications-service-provider/
20. Recommendations for QUT library
1. Use complex algorithm encryption
2. Use the private cloud
3. Choose a trusted third party
4. Negotiate Service Level Agreement
5. In the contract, specify the countries in which the information can be
accessed and used.
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