Recombination DNA Technology (Nucleic Acid Hybridization )
Chronic renal failure.ppt
1. Chronic Renal Failure in
Cats: Can we Halt the Decline?
Martha Cannon
BA VetMB DSAM(Fel)
RCVS Specialist in Feline Medicine
Oxford Cat Clinic
01865 243000
2. 100%
33%
25%
10%
Progression of renal failure
Early renal disease
(loss of renal reserve)
Renal
insufficiency
Uraemia
Death
Early renal
failure &
clinical signs
(azotaemia)
Chronic Kidney Disease
9. Hyperphosphataemia
Reduced phosphate diet is most
effective treatment
Additional advantages of prescription
diets
Reduced azotaemia, K+ supplement, Vit B
supplement, soluble fibre, ? Omega-3 FAs
10. Hyperphosphataemia
Protein Restricted Diet
Reduces uraemia
Improves well-being, appetite, activity
Reduces dietary phosphate intake
Controls hyperphosphataemia
Prolongs life-span
Median 800 days vs 264 days
11. Hyperphosphataemia
Reduced phosphate diet is most
effective way to control phosphate
Additional advantages of
prescription diets
Reduced azotaemia, K+
supplement,
Vit B supplement, Soluble
fibre,
Omega-3 FAs ... ...
12. Chronic Kidney Disease
Nutritional Management
Ensure adequate intake
Delay introduction until cat feels well
Learned food aversion
Canned diets
Energy from fat cf carbohydrate
Increased fluid intake
14. Hyperphosphataemia
Intestinal Phosphate Binders
~10% reduction in serum phosphate
Give mixed with food
Divide between all meals
Introduce gradually and titrate to effect
Monitor serum calcium when introducing binders
16. IRIS Staging System
Rule out UTI / FLUTD
Must check urine sediment or culture
Asymptomatic bacterial urinary infections
are common in cats with CKD,
especially female cats
17. IRIS Staging System
Proteinuria with no active sediment
UP:C > 0.4 = proteinuric
Treat with an ACE inhibitor
UP:C < 0.2 = non-proteinuric
No treatment required
UP:C 0.2-0.4 =borderline
Monitor / treat
19. Chronic Renal Failure
Urinary Tract Infections
Treatment
4-6 weeks of antibiotic
Bactericidal antibiotic
Repeat urine sediment +/- culture
Before end of antibiotics
10 days after ceasing antibiotics
21. CRF: IRIS Staging System
Hypertension
Common
consequence of CRF
Contributes to
progression of CRF
22. CRF: IRIS Staging System
Blood Pressure
“Risk of end organ damage”
< 150 mmHg = Minimal risk
150-160 mmHg = Low risk
160-180 mmHg = Moderate risk
> 180 mmHg = High risk
www.iris-renal.com
23. CRF: Blood Pressure
For cats with CRF
Maintain BP below 170 mmHg
Amlodipine: 0.625 – 1.25 mg per cat per day
1/8 or 1/4 of a tablet once daily
Adjunctive Treatment
Benazepril
24. Chronic Renal Failure in
Cats: Can we Halt the Decline?
Martha Cannon
BA VetMB DSAM(Fel)
RCVS Specialist in Feline Medicine
Oxford Cat Clinic
01865 243000