Foot and Mouth Disease

1. Foot and Mouth Disease
FMD – Highly communicable disease – cloven footed
animals
Causative organism : family : Picornaviridae
Genus : Apthovirus
Smallest of the Animal virus : 7 types virus : O,A,C
Asia I, SAT 1,2,3
Transmission :
Direct contact : Thro water : manure : Pasture and cattle
attendant
Symptom : Incubation period 2 – 5 days :
Temperature 40oC
Drooling of saliva

2. FMD VIRUS-
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is
the prototype member of the Aphthovirus
genus of the family Picornaviridae ().
Picornaviridae are nonenveloped viruses
with single-stranded R NA genome of

3. Symptoms contd…
Vesicles in :Tongue
: gum
: inter digital space,
: udder & teat .
:Rough coat with long hair,
: panting.
: Looses appetite and body
weight milk production
reduced.
Lameness' on account of painful foot lesions.

4. Foot & Mouth – S alivations+ Ulcers

6. Tongue of steer with 1-day-old vesicle
which ruptured when the tongue was
drawn from the mouth.

7. S teer with 2-day-old ruptured vesicle along
upper gum and several 1-day-old
unruptured vesicles on the tongue.

8. Two-day-old ruptured vesicles on the
tongue, lower gum and lower lip of a steer.
Note sharp edges to ulcerated areas.

9. further example of 2-day-old lesions in the
mouth of a steer. Again note sharp
margins of lesions and red raw
appearance of exposed dermis.
Tongue of steer with 3-day-old lesions.
S ero-fibrinous exudation into the
lesions has resulted in a loss of earlier
red raw appearance and also
sharpness of margination. E arly
granulation evident.

10. S teer’s tongue with a 10-day-old lesion
characterised by loss of papillae,
indentation at the site of the lesion and
fibrous tissue proliferation. F oot of a steer with a 2-day-old
unruptured vesicle in the inter-digital
space.

11. The epithelium overlying the
vesicle is friable and easily
stripped off.
A 7-day-old lesion on a steer’s foot.
Healing is progressing underneath the
necrotic epithelium.

12. One-day-old vesicles on the teat of a cow.
R upturing has not taken place but several
vesicles have coalesced.

13. Hand-F oot-Mouth s yndrome / Viral infections
This 5 year old boy had symmetric oval
vesicles on a red base on the palms

14. FMD contd
Treatment : Nil.
External application of anti septics -to heal
ulcers - off attracts by flies
Antibiotics -counter bacterial infections.
Prevention : Thorough disinfections of shed, utensils,
clothes of attendants.
Control : Vaccination – polyvalent – once – 4months or
varies with type of vaccine
Hoechst 3ml .oil adjuvant
IVPM – 20 ml calves – 40ml adults.