1. World Politics
in the 21st Century
Second Edition
W. Raymond Duncan
Barbara Jancar-Webster
Bob Switky
2. Chapter One
The Importance of International Relations
Figure 1.3 Eight Thousand Years of Changes in the Earth’s Forest Cover:
The map compares areas of the planet covered by forests 8000 years ago and in 1998. Which continent has lost the most
of its original forests?
Source: World Resources Institute, Forest Initiative Project (http://www.wri/org/ffi/maps/).
3. Chapter Two
The State and Its Role in the International System
Figure 2.2 A Multipolar System
4. Chapter Two
The State and Its Role in the International System
Figure 2.3 Unipolar World on the International System-as-a-Whole Level of
Analysis and a Multipolar World at the Regional Level of Analysis
5. Chapter Two
The State and Its Role in the International System
Figure 2.5 Russia: The Center and the Periphery
Source: University of Texas Library Online (www.lib.texas.edu/maps/commonwealth/russiaaddivisions.jpg).
7. Chapter Three
Power Factors in International Relations
Figure 3.2 Global Illiteracy Rates
Source: John L. Allen, Student Atlas of World Politics, Fourth Edition, (Guilford, CT: Dushkin/McGraw-Hill, 2000), p. 66.
8. Chapter Three
Power Factors in International Relations
Figure 3.3 Population Growth Rates
Source: John L. Allen, Student Atlas of World Politics, Fourth Edition, (Guilford, CT: Dushkin/McGraw-Hill, 2000), p. 60.
9. Chapter Three
Power Factors in International Relations
Figure 3.4 An Age of Bipolarity: The Cold War ca. 1970
Source: John L. Allen, Student Atlas of World Politics, Fourth Edition, (Guilford, CT: Dushkin /McGraw-Hill, 2000), p. 26.
10. Chapter Four
Foreign Policy Formation and Execution
Figure 4.1 Tools for Foreign Policy Implementation
Source: The United States Naval War College, National Security Decision Making Department, Case Study, 1992-1993.
11. Chapter Four
Foreign Policy Formation and Execution
Figure 4.2 Map of Cold War Alignments
Source: John L. Allen, Student Atlas of World Politics, Fourth Edition, (Guilford, CT: Dushkin/McGraw-Hill, 2000), p. 21.
12. Chapter Four
Foreign Policy Formation and Execution
Figure 4.3 Ethnic Distribution of Former Yugoslavia
Source: The International Institute for Strategic Studies, Strategic Survey, 1990-1991.
13. Chapter Four
Foreign Policy Formation and Execution
Figure 4.4 Foreign Policy input-Output Model
Source: David K. Hall, “An Introduction to Policy Making and Implementation,” The United States Naval War College, National Security
Decision Making Department, Case Study, 1992-1993, p. 3.
14. Chapter Four
Foreign Policy Formation and Execution
Figure 4.5 Rational Actor [States] Model
Source: The United States Naval War College, National Security Decision Making Department, Case Study, 1992-1993.
15. Chapter Four
Foreign Policy Formation and Execution
Figure 4.6 Organizational Model of Foreign Policy Decision Making
Source: The United States Naval War College, National Security Decision Making Department, Case Study, 1992-1993.
16. Chapter Four
Foreign Policy Formation and Execution
Figure 4.7 Political Process Model
Source: The United States Naval War College, National Security Decision Making Department, Case Study, 1992-1993.
17. Chapter Five
Intergovernmental Actors
Figure 5.1 Relationship of Assessments to Voting Strength in the
General Assembly
Source: Lawrence Zirling, Robert E. Riggs, and Jack C. Piano, The United Nations: International Organization and
World Politics. Third Edition (Orlando, FL: Harcourt Brace & Company, 2000), p. 61.
Reproduced by permission of the publisher.
18. Chapter Five
Intergovernmental Actors
Figure 5.2 Europe: Distinguishing EU Members,
Applicant States, Date of Joining/Application, Non-EU States
Source: European Commission from “Europe” Survey, The Economist, October 23, 1999, p. 4.
19. Chapter Five
Intergovernmental Actors
Figure 5.3 Estimated Proven Reserves of Oil
Source: From “BP Amoco Statistical Review of World Energy, 2000.” The Economist, July 15, 2000.
20. Chapter Six
Corporate and Nongovernmental Actors
Figure 6.1 Growth of NGOs (1956-1999)
Source: Union for International Associations as quoted in “Swarming: Non-governmental International Organizations,” The Economist,
December 11, 1999, p. 20.
21. Chapter Six
Corporate and Nongovernmental Actors
Figure 6.2 Map of China and Tibet
Source: A. Tom Grunfeild, The Making of Modern Tibet (New York: M.E. Sharpe, Inc.) 1997, p. ix.
22. Chapter Seven
Political Geography
Figure 7.1 Major Axes of the Continent
Source: Jared Diamond, Guns, Germans, and Steel: the Fates of Human Societies (New York: W.W. Norton, 1998), p. 177.
24. Chapter Seven
Political Geography
Figure 7.3 Income Received by the Wealthiest 5 Percent of the Population
(Percent of Total Income)
Source: IDB calculations based on Deininger and Squire (1996).
25. Chapter Seven
Political Geography
Figure 7.3(b) Income Received by the Poorest 30 Percent of the Population
(Percent of Total Income)
Source: IDB calculations based on Deininger and Squire (1996).
28. Chapter Seven
Political Geography
Figure 7.4 Shapes of States South Africa: A Perforated State
Source: http://www.cyber.vt.edu/geog1014/topics/108States/shape.html.
29. Chapter Seven
Political Geography
Figure 7.4(b) Shapes of States Indonesia: A Fragmented State
Source: http://www.cyber.vt.edu/geog1014/topics/108States/shape.html.
31. Chapter Seven
Political Geography
Figure 7.5 Volcanoes and Earthquakes
Source: H. J. de Blij and Peter O. Miller, Physical Geography of the Global Environment, Second Edition
(New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1996), p. 341.
34. Chapter Seven
Political Geography
Figure 7.9 Cuba’s Proximity to the United States
Source: Department of State and Department of Defense, The Challenge to Democracy in Latin America, Washington, DC, 1986, p. 5.
37. Chapter Seven
Political Geography
Figure 7.12 The Fertile Crescent: Some of the best farmland of the Fertile
Crescent is in a narrow strip of land between the Tigris and Euphrates—
today’s Iraq.
Source: The National Geographic Society, Peoples and Places of the Past, 1983, p. 26.
38. Chapter Seven Political Geography
Figure 7.13 Today’s Arab World
Source: Cassel & Co., Ltd., 1975
39. Chapter Eight
Nationalism and Regionalism
Figure 8.1 Europe’s Industrial Production Zones: The Two Regional Bananas
Source: John Newgouse, “Europe’s Rising Regionalism,” Foreign Affairs, January/February 1997, p. 70.
40. Chapter Eight
Nationalism and Regionalism
Figure 8.2 Spain’s Autonomous Regions
Source: DeBlij and Muller, Realms, Regions, and Concepts, p. 90.
41. Chapter Nine
Global Violence: Wars, Weapons and Terrorism
Figure 9.1 Northern Spain and Southern France Highlighting the Basque Region
Source: The Economist, March 18, 2000, p. 52.
42. Chapter Ten
Global Justice: Women, Poverty and
Human Rights
Figure 10.1 Urban Poor by Region
Source: UN Centre for Human Settlements (Habitat), State of the World Cities Report 2001, p. 18.pdf.
43. Chapter Ten
Global Justice: Women, Poverty and
Human Rights
Figure 10.2 Incidence of Extreme Poverty: Under $1.00 a Day
Source: http://www.cgiar.org/tac/meetings /meet0100/maps.pdf
44. Chapter Ten
Global Justice: Women, Poverty and
Human Rights
Figure 10.3 Poorest Fifth’s Share of National Consumption
Source: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
http://www.oecd.org/dac/Indicators/htm/map3.htm.
45. Chapter Ten
Global Justice: Women, Poverty and
Human Rights
Figure 10.4 Ratio of Girls to Boys in Primary and Secondary Education (%)
Source: http://www.developmentgoals.org/Gender_Equality.htm
46. Chapter Ten
Global Justice: Women, Poverty and
Human Rights
Figure 10.5 Life Expectancy at Birth
Source: http://www.worldbank.org/depweb/english/modules/social/life/t-map.html (OECD)
47. Chapter Eleven
International Political Economy I: The Advanced
Industrial Countries
Figure 11.1 Balance of Trade: Impact on a Country’s Reserves
Source: Adapted from Joshua Goldstein, International Relations, Second Edition (New York: Addison Wesley Longman, 1997), p. 324.
49. Chapter Eleven
International Political Economy I: The Advanced
Industrial Countries
Figure 11.3 Share of World Trade by Country
Source: Data from Eurostat.
50. Chapter Eleven
International Political Economy I: The Advanced
Industrial Countries
Figure 11.4 The EU’s Main Trade Partners
Source: Data from Eurostat.
51. Chapter Eleven
International Political Economy I: The Advanced
Industrial Countries
Figure 11.5 The Relationship between Environmental Degradation and Poverty
52. Chapter Twelve
International Political Economy II:
The Politics of Development
Figure 12.1 Poverty Headcount Index
Source: World Bank as reported in “Old Battle; New Strategy,” The Economist January 8, 2000.
53. Chapter Twelve
International Political Economy II:
The Politics of Development
Figure 12.2 The Dependency Explanation for How the Rich Exploit the Poor
As the diagram suggests, multinational corporations from rich countries set up shop (invest) In Third world countries,
usually with assistance from wealthy Third World capitalists (the “core in the periphery”). Profits from the MNC operations
in the periphery are then sent back to the home country leaving the peripheral country not better (or even worse)
off than before the investment.
54. Chapter Twelve
International Political Economy II:
The Politics of Development
Figure 12.3 Turbulent Africa
Source: From Foreign Policy, Spring 1999, volume 114, p. 15.
55. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the
Pollution Problem
Figure 13.1 Model of the GAIA Principle and Environmental Surprise
Source: Barbara Jancar-Webster, “Technology and Environment in Eastern Europe in James R. Scanlan (ed.)
Technology, Culture , and Development: The Experience of the Soviet Model.
56. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the
Pollution Problem
Figure 13.2 Leading Causes of Death, 2001
Source: The World Health Organization, world Health Report, 2002, Annex: Table 2 “Death by Cause, Sex, and Mortality Stratum in WHO Regions”.
http://www.who.int/whr/en/ or http://www.who.int/whr/2002/en/
57. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the
Pollution Problem
Figure 13.3a Net Annual Migration Totals, 1995-2000
Source: Data derived from United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division,
International Migration Report 2002 (New York: United Nations Press, 2002) pp.11-15 and UN Wall Graph, “International Migration, 2002.”
58. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the
Pollution Problem
Figure 13.3b Net Annual Migration Rates, 1995-2000
Source: Data derived from United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division,
International Migration Report 2002 (New York: United Nations Press, 2002) pp.11-15 and UN Wall Graph, “International Migration, 2002.”
59. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the
Pollution Problem
Figure 13.4 Global Population Trends, 1950-2050
Source World Resources Institute, World Resources 1998-1999, (http://www.wri.org/powenpoint/trends).
Data from United Nations Population Division, Long Range World Population Projections: Two Centuries of World Population
Growth 1950-2000, Table 6, p. 22.
60. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the
Pollution Problem
Figure 13.5 Stabilization Rate Data and Predictions, 1950-2050
Source World Resources Institute, World Resources 1998-1999, (http://www.wri.org/powenpoint/trends).
Data from United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects 1950-2050 (1996 Revision).
61. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the
Pollution Problem
Figure 13.6 Model of the Greenhouse Effect from IPCC Study
Source: J.T. Houghton, et as. (eds) Climate Change: the IPCC Scientific Assessment (Cambridge University Press, 1990).
62. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the
Pollution Problem
Figure 13.7 World Commercial Energy Supply, 1998
Source: http://www.wri.org/powerpoints.oil.sld001.htm.
63. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the
Pollution Problem
Figure 13.8 Global Oil Consumption by Sector, 1998
Source: http://www.wri.org/powerpoints.oil.sld014.htm.
64. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the
Pollution Problem
Figure 13.9 Motor Vehicle Trends, 1946-1995
Source: (http://www.wri.org/powerpoints.oil.sld026.htm.) Data from American Automobile Manufacturers Association, World Motor Vehicle Data 1993
p. 23 and Motor Vehicle Pacts and Figures 1996, p.44.
65. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the
Pollution Problem
Figure 13.10 Regional Shares of Global Energy Consumption
Source: Compiled from world Energy Organization, World energy Outlook: 2002, figure 2.3: “Regional shares in World Primary Demand”
(http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/weo/pubs/weo2002/weo2002.asp).
66. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the Pollution Problem
Figure 13.11 Water Stress
Source: World Water Organization, Water Demand and Scarcity, p.5.pdf, at http://www.worldwater.org/waterData.htm.
67. Chapter Thirteen
The Global Environment and the
Pollution Problem
Figure 13.12 World Water Use By Consumption Category and Region
Source: World Resources Institute, 1988-1999 world Resources (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), p. 188.
