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1. Political Context and
Environment
Politics 101
The National Democratic Institute

2. INTRODUCTIONS/
GROUND RULES
• Introductions
• Ground Rules
• Ice Breaker Exercise

3. OBJECTIVE
• To understand the
political context
and opportunities
for women within
this environment
Photo: Amy Hamelin , NDI

4. POLITICAL CONTEXT TOPICS
• Political actors and institutions
• Status of women in politics
• Access points and opportunities for
women in politics

5. POLITICAL ACTORS
• Media
• Private sector
• Government
• Political parties
• Civil society and international NGOs
• Academia
• Institutions

6. MEDIA
• Freedom of the press?
• Diversity and types of media
• Ethics and gender-sensitivity
Photo: National Democratic Institute

7. MEDIA
• Reports political developments
• Covers elections and candidates
• Opinion-editorials can influence public
• Informs the public

8. GOVERNMENT
• Daily administration of the state
• Provide basic services to citizens
• Implement policies of party/platform

9. POLITICAL PARTIES AND
COALITIONS
• Competing in elections to gain influence
• Aggregating and representing social
interests
• Providing a structure for political
participation
• Providing policy
alternatives
• Training political
leaders Photo: National Democratic Institute

10. WOMEN IN POLITICAL PARTIES
• Importance of women as party members
and leaders
• Benefits to the party
• Women’s wings
Photo: Amy Hamelin, NDI

11. CIVIL SOCIETY
• Advocacy
• Citizen participation
• Bridge between the
public and government
• Government
monitoring
• Voter and civic
education
• Service provision
Photo: National Democratic Institute

12. WOMEN IN CIVIL SOCIETY
Women as agents of change
Photo: NDI

13. OTHER POLITICAL ACTORS
• Private sector
• Academia
• Religious leaders
• Regional/international
organizations
• Institutions

14. WOMEN IN POLITICS
• 1935: Women’s political rights
recognized
• Advances in parliament: From 9% to 14%
• 1 parliamentary committee chair
• 1 of 26 ministries headed by a woman
• Men hold 82% of executive positions

15. EXERCISE
Women’s political participation:
identifying helping and hindering forces
Image: Inter-parliamentary Union

16. MINIMUM CONDITIONS FOR
POLITICAL PARTICIPATION
• Access to positions
of power
• Transparency
• Changing cultural
norms
• Women’s
economic
empowerment
• Political will
Photo: Amy Hamelin, NDI

17. OBSTACLES TO WOMEN’S
POLITICAL PARTICIPATION
• Structural
–Legal
–Economic
–Educational
• Social/cultural/religious
• Time and space
• Physical security
• Lack of confidence

18. MOBILIZING WOMEN FOR
CHANGE: MECHANISMS
• Women’s parliamentary caucuses
• Women’s wings within political parties
• Civil society organizations
• Cross-sector groups
Photo: NDI

19. POLITICAL CONTEXT REVIEW
• Roles of political actors
• Status of women in politics
• Access points and opportunities for
women in politics
 Questions?
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