2. Nicol Cave – nicolc@spc.int
What are INDICATORS?
THINGS or CHANGES you measure
petrol gauge = INDICATOR of how much gas you have
used/have left
# STI tests done = INDICATOR of how much your audience
has responded to your messages
things you measure = outputs
changes you measure = outcomes
3. Nicol Cave – nicolc@spc.int
indicators
Who has seen the wind?
Neither you nor I.
But where the trees bow down their heads,
The wind is passing by
(The Wind, Chiristina Rosetti, 1830-1894)
5. Nicol Cave – nicolc@spc.int
GLOBAL INDICATORS (for HIV projects)
INDICATOR SHORT VERSION
% men & women 15 – 24 years received HIV (STI) test in last
12 months and who know their results
Testing
% men & women 15 – 24 years who have had sexual
intercourse before the age of 15 years
Sexual debut
% men & women 15 – 24 years who have had sexual
intercourse with more than one sexual partner in the last 12
months
Multiple
partners
% men & women 15 – 24 years who have had sexual
intercourse with more than one sexual partner in the last 12
months reporting the use of condoms during their last sexual
intercourse
Consistent
condom use
6. Nicol Cave – nicolc@spc.int
LAYERS OF INDICATORS
1. By 2016, 5% increase in consistent condom use by sexually active
young people 15 – 19 years in Suva-Nausori corridor.
% youth reporting condom use at last sex.
# of condoms distributed
# IEC materials distributed
# peer educators trained
2. By 2016, 20% increase in sexually active young people 15 – 19 years
in Suva-Nausori corridor who have ever tested for STIs.
% young people in S-N corridor tested for STIs and received results.
# STI testing kits ordered & delivered to health centres
# health centres reporting no stock-outs
# young people visiting Hub Clinics
7. Nicol Cave – nicolc@spc.int
Indicators: COMMON SHC OUTPUTS
# pamphlets produced & # distributed (by location)
# outreach events & # people attended (age/gender/location)
# of visits to FP service delivery point(s)
# STI tests performed (age/gender/location) & received results
# peer motivators (newly) trained & active
# youth reached through group-based peer education talks
(age/gender/geographic area)
# condoms distributed & where, by whom
These come from your ACTIVITIES
These are insufficient…
what happened as a result of outputs?
8. Nicol Cave – nicolc@spc.int
Indicators: OUTCOMES (results)
% new acceptors to modern contraception continuing with FP
products = continuation rates of FP service acceptors
% young people used condom at last sex
% youth reporting intention to test for STIs as a result of
seeing/hearing/reading campaign messages
% of young people that can recall key campaign messages
(message recall indicator)
% youth reporting seeing/hearing campaign messages
(reach/coverage indicator)
These come from your OBJECTIVES
9. Nicol Cave – nicolc@spc.int
Indicators: IMPACT
Impact Indicators measure the change in the problem,
generally at population level, e.g.:
YOUP PROJECT ONLY CONTRIBUTES TO IMPACT!
Reduction in STI prevalence among youth
Reduction in teenage pregnancy
Increase in contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR)
10. Nicol Cave – nicolc@spc.int
MOST IMPORTANT SHC INDICATORS
% audience who have adopted the behaviour promoted.
% target audience (TA) recognize personal risk of behaviour (risk
perception)
% TA recall hearing or seeing campaign messages
% TA with a specific attitude toward behaviour
% TA feel confident could adopt promoted behaviour (skills)
% TA who know of a product or service.
% TA who intend to adopt the behaviour in the future.
% TA who encouraged friends to adopt behaviour (advocacy)
11. Nicol Cave – nicolc@spc.int
• Problem …. What problem?
PRE-
KNOWLEDGE
• Mmmm, maybe I should do something.
RISK
PERCEPTION
• OK, let me try ….PREPARATION
• That wasn’t too bad, I’ll try it again.ACTION
• This is part of my life now…MAINTENANCE
• I will help persuade others … will be a
champion for new behaviourADVOCACY
STAGES OF CHANGE
12. Nicol Cave – nicolc@spc.int
STAGES OF CHANGE
• I don’t know about STIs and how to protect
myselfNOT AWARE
• Now I know about STI transmission & preventionAWARE
• Now I believe I can get an STI …BELIEVE AT RISK
• I need to protect myself … let me get some
condomsPREPARE TO ACT
• Using a condom wasn’t too bad, I’ll try it
again.ACT
• Using a condom is part of my life now…KEEP ACTING
13. Nicol Cave – nicolc@spc.int
PRIORITISE!!!
many things can be measured,
but not all measures are useful
!! select indicators !!
2 most important outcome indicators
3 most important output indicators
14. Nicol Cave – nicolc@spc.int
CONTACT
Nicol Cave
Team Leader: Strategic Health Communication
Public Health Division
Secretariate of the Pacific Community (SPC)
nicolc@spc.int
