atrial

1. Name : NUR FARRA NAJWA BINTI ABDUL AZIM
Matric number : 082015100005

2. Understood the basic
anatomical atria
structures internally
Able to relate the
internal structure to
clinical significance

3.  The heart consists of
four chambers, two
atria (upper chambers)
and two ventricles
(lower chambers).
 There is a valve
through which blood
passes before leaving
each chamber of the
heart.

4.  Right Atrium: Structure
- Sinus Venarum (smooth-walled)
- Auricle (rough-walled)
- Pectinati muscles
 Orifices:
- SVC, IVC, Coronary sinus
- Crista Terminalis ("terminal crest")
- Interatrial septum
- Fossa Ovalis
- Annulus ovalis
- Right AV orifice

8.  a collection of smaller veins
that merge together to form
the sinus (or large vessel),
which is located along the
heart's posterior (rear)
surface between the left
ventricle and left atrium
 The coronary sinus collects
the majority of the cardiac
venous blood

9.  smooth muscular ridge in
superior portion of right
atrium that divides musculi
pectinate and the right
atrial appendage from
smooth surface of right
atrium
 may be important in the
genesis of several atrial
arrhythmias, including
atrial reentry and focal
atrial tachycardia

11. Sinuatrial node
• Lies in upper part of sulcus terminalis
• To the right to the opening of superior vena cava.
Atrioventricular node
• In lower part of atrial septum.
• Above the opening of coronary sinus
• Close to the attachment of tricuspid valve

13.  a shallow depression,
forms in the right
atrium just after birth.
 The formation of the
fossa ovalis divides the
heart into two parts, right
and left.
 This allows the
cardiovascular system to
efficiently distribute
oxygenated blood
throughout the body.

14. It is the prominent oval margin of the fossa
ovalis in the right atrium.
Form the upper margin of the fossa ovalis
It is most distinct above and at the sides of
the fossa ovalis and at the below, it is
deficient.

15.  Form by
• Tendon of Todaro (continuation of Eustachian valve of the
inferior vena cava and the Thebesian valve of the coronary
sinus)
• opening of the coronary sinus
• septal cusp of the tricuspid valve
 Angle of Triangel of Koch
• Coronary sinus orifice
• Tendon of Todaro
• Atrioventricular node
 The apex of the triangle of Koch is the location of
the atrioventricular node.

18. Left atrium
• Forms greater part of
base
• Lies behind right atrium.
• Lies anterior to:
• Oblique pericardial sinus
• Oesophagus
• Smooth- walled
 Left Auricle
• Interior is rough due to
muscle ridges

19.  Most of interoir part is
smooth wall
 Musculi pectinati only
at auricle
 Fossa lunata
 Opening
 4 pulmonary veins
 Left antriventricular also
known as mitral
opening with 2 cusps

21. Atrial septal defects
- Blood flows in reverse direction
- Reduce cardiac output

23. ATRIUM
LEFT ATRIUM RIGHT ATRIUM CLINICAL
SIGNIFICANCE
ATRIUM
SEPTAL
DEFECTS
ATRIAL
FIBRILLATION

26. ANY QUESTION ??