interactive technologies

1. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chapter 3 – Interactive
Technologies
HCI: Developing Effective Organizational
Information Systems
Dov Te’eni
Jane Carey
Ping Zhang

2. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Road Map
6
Affective
Engineering
9
Organizational
Tasks
4
Physical
Engineering
7
Evaluation
8
Principles &
Guidelines
11
Methodology
12
Relationship, Collaboration
& Organization
10
Componential
Design
3
Interactive
Technologies
5
Cognitive
Engineering
Context Foundation Application
Additional Context
1
Introduction
2
Org &
Business
Context
13
Social &
Global Issues
14
Changing Needs of IT
Development & Use

3. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Learning Objectives
 Understand and discuss human perception
and interactive technologies that support the
various sensory perceptors including:
 Vision
 Audition
 Touch
 Understand and discuss interactive input
technologies including:
 Keyboards
 Pointing devices

4. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Understand voice recognition interactive input
devices.
 Understand touch-related haptic interactive input
devices.
 Understand and discuss visual display interactive
output technologies.
 Understand and discuss voice synthesis.
 Understand the human–computer interaction (HCI)
implications of all these technologies.
 Understand the HCI implications of wireless,
wearable, and other emerging technologies.
Learning Objectives

5. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Introduction
 This chapter explores interactive technologies.
 We have confined this chapter to the exploration of
only those technologies that interact with the user
and thus support human-computer interaction.
 This chapter is organized around input devices and
output devices.
 We also introduce new technologies such as the
wireless PDA (Personal Digital Assistant).
 We also discuss the physical constraints imposed by
these new technologies to fit the design.

6. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Sensory Perception and Interactive
Input Devices
 Input Device is any machine that feeds
data into a computer.
 Vision: Keyboards
 Keyboard is the set of typewriter-like keys
that enable the user to enter data into the
computer.

7. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Vision: Keyboards
Figure 3.1 Traditional Keyboard Figure 3.2 Split Keyboard

8. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Vision: Pointing Devices
 Pointing Device controls the movement of the
cursor on a display screen.
 There are six different interaction tasks that can
be performed by pointing or manipulation
devices:
 Select (point and click),
 Position (drag and click),
 Orient (rotate),
 Path (combination of orient and position
movements),
 Quantify (point and click), and
 Text (the pointing device merely initiates the
position where the text is to begin and then
gives control to the keyboard).

9. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
 Types of Pointing Devices
 mice (Figure 3.3)
 graphic tablets
 track balls
 Joysticks
 pen-based input
 touch screens (Figure 3.4)
 light pens
 voice
Vision: Pointing Devices

10. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Vision: Pointing Devices
Figure 3.3 Mouse Figure 3.4 Touch Screen Figure 3.5 Graphics Tablet

11. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Audition: Voice Recognition
 Voice Recognition is the ability of the
computer to recognize human speech.
 The four major types of conversational
tasks:
 Composition tasks
 Transcription tasks
 Transaction task
 Collaboration tasks

12. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Touch- Haptic Devices
 Haptic devices generate sensation to the
skin and muscles through touch, weight,
and rigidity.

13. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Output Devices
 Output Device is a machine capable of
representing data from a computer.
 Visual Display is an output device that is
capable of rendering data from a computer.
Data may take the form of graphic, tabular,
text or other.

14. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Output Devices
 Synthesized speech is appropriate when:
 The required message is short and simple,
 The message needs an immediate response,
 The user/receiver is visually occupied,
 The environment is too brightly or poorly lit for
ordinary visual displays to be used,
 The user is moving around too much to visually
attend to a single screen, or
 No screen exists but an audio receiver does (e.g.,
telephone).

15. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Output Devices
 Printers
 Ink-jet
 Laser
 Color printers

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Output Devices – Non-speech auditory
 In some environments and for some tasks,
non-speech auditory outputs such as beeps
are very useful.
 An auditory non-speech output is any sound
that is generated by the computer or other
device that can be detected by the human ear
but is not speech-related.

17. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Wearable Devices
 There is a great deal of interest in the design and
implementation of wearable computer devices that
are small, durable, and useful particularly in a military
setting.
 Vision enhancement, translation (text-to-speech,
speech-to-text, and language-to-language), pen-
based input, navigation, environmental scanning, and
detection are among the many tasks performed by
wearable devices.
 Small GPS (global positioning systems) are often a
critical component of these devices.

18. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Wireless Devices
 Wireless devices: Devices connected to
networks and other devices through non-wire
media such as infrared signals.
 We have many improved tools to support our
everyday life. Mobile or wireless devices are
allowing people to compute on the run.
 Personal digital assistants (PDA), text-based
cell phones, palm tops, and other small,
portable devices are abundant.

19. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Virtual Devices
 Virtual devices are those that support virtual
reality interaction.
 Virtual reality is an artificial environment that
simulates reality.
 There are many interaction devices for the
world of virtual reality. A combination of exotic
headgear, gloves, and body suits orient the
user to the virtual world.

20. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Virtual Devices
Figure 3.8 Virtual reality glove

21. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Summary
 This chapter presents various technologies
that interact with the user.
 Input devices
 Keyboards
 Mice
 Joysticks
 Track balls
 Voice input
 Haptic devices

22. Copyright 2006 - John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Summary
 Output Devices
 Monitors
 Printers
 Auditory output
 Voice synthesis
 Also discussed are wearable, wireless, and
virtual devices.