The document discusses hemodialysis as a treatment for kidney failure. It provides 3 key points:
1. Hemodialysis involves removing waste and excess fluid from the blood of patients with kidney failure using a dialysis machine and dialyzer. The blood is passed through the dialyzer while a dialysis fluid cleanses the blood.
2. It is a 4 hour treatment that occurs regularly, usually 3 times a week, to maintain the patient's health. Proper water treatment and equipment like the dialyzer, bloodlines and machine are required.
3. Patients on hemodialysis require careful hygiene and monitoring as the treatment replaces some kidney functions but not all. They remain dependent
3. Functions of the kidney
⢠To maintain the balance of water by removing
excess fluid from the body.
⢠Healthy kidneys filter the blood to remove waste
products such as urea and creatinine.
⢠To maintain normal body chemistry. A number
of solutes such as potassium, sodium,
phosphorus, calcium, bicarbonate, magnesium
and chloride are important to blood chemistry.
4. ⢠The kidneys also produce three important hormones:
⢠Erythropoietin: which is produced to control the
production of red blood cells, in the bone
marrow, to prevent anaemia.
⢠Active vitamin D: which helps the body absorb
calcium from food. Bones need calcium to stay
strong and healthy.
⢠Renin: which helps regulate blood pressure.
9. Cont.
⢠Ischemic.
⢠Hypotension shock
⢠Sepsis
⢠Nephrotoxin
⢠Antibiotic
⢠Radiocontras
⢠Heavy metal
⢠Heme protein
⢠Myoglobin
10. Causes of Chronic Renal
Failure
⢠Diabetes
⢠High blood pressure
⢠Glomerulonephritis
⢠Polycystic kidney disease
⢠Scarring from kidney infection in
childhood
⢠Obstruction
11. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
⢠Generally feeling ill. Tiredness and loss of
energy
⢠Lacking interest in everyday activities,
difficulty in concentrating or relaxing.
⢠Shortness of breath.
⢠Altered taste sensation/appetite.
12. Cont.
⢠Sickness and nausea
⢠Loss of libido / sex drive
⢠Itch
⢠Swelling of the legs
20. HEMODIALISISHEMODIALISIS
⢠Haemo - Darah.
⢠Dialysis - Proses di mana kandungan
bahan larut dalam darah ditapis dengan
cara âmendedahkannyaâ kepada dialysate
melalui semipermeable membrane.
22. KEPERLUAN BAGI HEMODIALISIS
⢠WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
⢠MESIN HEMODIALISIS
⢠DIALYSATE
⢠PATIENT
⢠DIALYZER AND BLOODLINES.
23. WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
⢠R/O. REVERSED OSMOSIS WATER.
⢠Water is one of the most essential components of the
dialysis fluid. Therefore, high quality water, both from a
chemical and microbiological point of view, is
essential for a good long term outcome.
24. BAGAIMANA H.D BERFUNGSI ?BAGAIMANA H.D BERFUNGSI ?⢠Darah dikeluarkan melalui fistula dengan
menggunakan AVF needles.
⢠Disalurkan ke Dialyzer melalui Bloodlines
dengan bantuan Mesin Hemodialisis.
⢠Catheter khas digunakan jika ketiadaan
fistula.
28. Dialyzer⢠Terdapat 2 ruang.
⢠Ruang Darah.
⢠Ruang Dialysate.
⢠Dipisahkan oleh fiber
dialyzer.
⢠Kotoran dan air akan
keluar dari darah ke
dialysate melalui
âdiffusionâ, dan
âultrafiltrationâ.
29. Samb.
⢠Proses ini berlaku berterusan selama 4 jam.
⢠Kepekatan kotoran , air, garam-garam
buangan akan berkurangan ke paras yang
kurang bahaya.
Assalamualaikum dan selamat pagi kepada semua rakan-rakan dan hadirin sekelian.
Terlebih dahulu ingin saya mengucapkan ribuan terima kassih kepada En Ghani Mat Din di atas usaha mengadakan sesi ringkas ini.
Sebagai satu wadah bagi menyampaikan mesej pendidikan sepanjang hayat.
Unit Hemodialisis Kota Bharu ditubuhkan 15 tahun lepas. Melalui zaman suka dan duka daripada masa kekurangan hinggalah kepada pada masa ini Berdiri dengan megahnya beserta dengan barisan pekerja yang dedikasi dan penuh komited.
Bagi memudahkan kita faham tentang dialisis
Adalah perlu kita mengetahui fungsi normal supaya mudah kita mengetahui keadaan bila buah pinggang bermasalah.
BUSE, Renal Profile
KUB X ray, IVP.IVU, Ultra sound.
Perlu juga diingatkan bahawa rawatan bagi kegagalan buah pinggang kekal adalah seperti tertera diatas ,