Oil and Gas field, water management strategies

1. Available Services for Water Solutions
Water Shut-off:
Fluid Placements:
•MaraSEAL
•OrganoSEAL-R
•MARCIT
•OrganoSEAL-F
•Delayed Gelation System
•PERMABLOK
•Annular Chemical Packer
•SqueezeCRETE
Mechanical Placements:
•Posiset
Scale Treatment:
•ScaleFRAC
•ScalePROP
•Scale Blaster
Treatment Services:
•OilSEEKER
•CoilFRAC
•Stimulation Services
•Sand control services
Diagnostics &
Monitoring:
CH-Logging:
•Flagship
•production logging
•PSP logging
•RST
•Water Flow Log
•LiftLOG
OH-Logging:
•MDT
Surface:
•PhaseTester
•PhaseWatcher
Sampling:
•OilPhase
Surface Water Treatment:
•Framo Technology
•Surface Water Treatment
Reservoir:
•Eclipse
•FrontSIM
•OFM
•Petrel
•Pipesim
•Decide
Engineering & Operations Optimization:
•Facilities design reviews
•Design operability reviews
•Commissioning and start up plans
Completions:
•GasStar
•Dual-Drain
•Intelligent completions
•Water Cut Meter
•Resistivity Array
•Fiber Optics
•ESP watcher
Simple Complex
87 9 105 63 41 2
Problem Types
360o Water Management
Problem with
manual
allocation
Geology has large impact on flood pattern
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1 @ January 2009
@ September 2009
Injectors Water cycling Producer Water cycling
Pattern Flood Management using Streamline Simulation
WorkFlow:
History match model
Choose optimization criteria
Fill up phase: track and replace voidage
Incline phase: maximize sweep
Decline phase: reduce water recycling
Apply facility constraints
Field injection capacity
Field production capacity
Extract FrontSim allocation
•Commissioning and start up plans
•Facility/Operations analysis
•Project Management
Producer Optimization Solutions
• Zone shut-off or choke back:
• Fluids(cement, gel), Mechanical(plugs), Completion
changes
• PI Improvement:
• Fracturing, Matrix Stim., Perforating
• Lateral Drainholes
• Lift Performance:
• Gas Lift, ESP, Liquid unloading
• Production changes
• Flow Profile Monitoring:
• Production logging, continuous temperature profiles(FO)
Reservoir Sweep Solutions
• Production profile optimization
To improve vertical sweep through Producer Optimisation
• Injection profile optimization
To improve vertical sweep through Injector Optimisation
• Injection improvement to optimize voidage for pressure
maintenance
• Production changes to balance injectors and producers
• Waterflood changes to improve areal sweep
1st Pass
Review production, injection, tracer historyReview production, injection, tracer historyReview production, injection, tracer historyReview production, injection, tracer history
Pattern analysis
Calculate voidageCalculate voidageCalculate voidageCalculate voidage
Create pressure and WOR mapsCreate pressure and WOR mapsCreate pressure and WOR mapsCreate pressure and WOR maps
Review PLT, injection logs, OH logsReview PLT, injection logs, OH logsReview PLT, injection logs, OH logsReview PLT, injection logs, OH logs
1st Pass
Review production historyReview production historyReview production historyReview production history
Producer analysis
Create diagnostic plotCreate diagnostic plotCreate diagnostic plotCreate diagnostic plot
Review PLT, OH logsReview PLT, OH logsReview PLT, OH logsReview PLT, OH logs
Pattern level diagnosticPattern level diagnosticPattern level diagnosticPattern level diagnostic Well level diagnosticWell level diagnosticWell level diagnosticWell level diagnostic
Review well fileReview well fileReview well fileReview well file
1st Pass
Review injection historyReview injection historyReview injection historyReview injection history
Create Hall plot, PCreate Hall plot, PCreate Hall plot, PCreate Hall plot, P vsvsvsvs Q plotQ plotQ plotQ plot
Review PLT, OH logsReview PLT, OH logsReview PLT, OH logsReview PLT, OH logs
Well level diagnosticWell level diagnosticWell level diagnosticWell level diagnostic
Review well fileReview well fileReview well fileReview well file
Injector analysis
2nd Pass
Well and pattern level diagnosticWell and pattern level diagnosticWell and pattern level diagnosticWell and pattern level diagnostic
Solution identificationSolution identificationSolution identificationSolution identification
Well ranking & economicsWell ranking & economicsWell ranking & economicsWell ranking & economics
Phase 1 solutionsPhase 1 solutionsPhase 1 solutionsPhase 1 solutions
Producer Ranking
Data review & analysisData review & analysisData review & analysisData review & analysis
Overall Analysis
allocation
Inefficient for:
•Large reservoirs
•Many wells
•Complex geology
Automatic allocation based on streamline pattern information
Streamline simulation provides history of
injector centered and producer centered
connections: i.e. rates and reservoir
volumes
From these, allocation factors are
calculated
• Producer allocation factors: % of
injection from I1, I2, etc “feeding”
P1
• Injector allocation factors: % of
production in P1, P2, etc “coming
from” I1
Oil, gas, water
production rates
and reservoir
volumes for
I1
Water injection
rates and
reservoir
volumes for
streamlines
leading to P1
Pattern Analysis: Procedure
Formulate new injection production strategy
• Waterflood changes to improve areal sweep
• New wells and laterals to access bypassed hydrocarbon
Injector Optimization Performance Components
Water Source:
Produced water
Surface water
Aquifer
Mixture
Injection Water Quality Specs driven by:
•Desired Injectivity Performance
•Injection Pressures
•Reservoir Fluid Compatibility
•Treatment Costs(Capex/Opex)
Volume of Injection Water:
•Volume of Available Water
•Treatment Capacity
•Pump Capacity/reliability
•Energy Consumption/Emissions
Injection Flow Profile:
•Target Zone Volumes
•NWB Damage
•Injectivity
•Fractures
•Fracture growth
Reservoir Sweep/
Increased Recovery Factor
Arif Khan, email: akhan58@slb.com, (cell - 0047 45 22 1367); Joel Robert, email: Jrobert@slb.com
Jon Rennie, email: rennie1@slb.com
1st Pass
Well level diagnostic:Well level diagnostic:Well level diagnostic:Well level diagnostic:
• Problem typeProblem typeProblem typeProblem type
• Water entryWater entryWater entryWater entry
Data review & analysisData review & analysisData review & analysisData review & analysis
First ranking based on:First ranking based on:First ranking based on:First ranking based on:
• Water cutWater cutWater cutWater cut
• Problem typeProblem typeProblem typeProblem type
• Water entryWater entryWater entryWater entry
High priority Low priority
Risk factors:Risk factors:Risk factors:Risk factors:
• Well accessibilityWell accessibilityWell accessibilityWell accessibility
• Treatment type (plug vs cement/fluid)Treatment type (plug vs cement/fluid)Treatment type (plug vs cement/fluid)Treatment type (plug vs cement/fluid)
Risk weighted ranking by:Risk weighted ranking by:Risk weighted ranking by:Risk weighted ranking by:
• Water volume (surface facilities maxed out)Water volume (surface facilities maxed out)Water volume (surface facilities maxed out)Water volume (surface facilities maxed out)
• Well oil gain (Nodal analysis)Well oil gain (Nodal analysis)Well oil gain (Nodal analysis)Well oil gain (Nodal analysis) –––– relevant only for non GL wellsrelevant only for non GL wellsrelevant only for non GL wellsrelevant only for non GL wells
TopTopTopTop finalfinalfinalfinal
• Risk weighted upside estimateRisk weighted upside estimateRisk weighted upside estimateRisk weighted upside estimate
• Concept interventionConcept interventionConcept interventionConcept intervention
Single Well Petrel/ECLIPSE Model
Workflow
Open hole logs
RFT data
Gauge data Production history
Grid building &
initialization
History match
Scenarios
M AR APR MAY JUN J UL AU G SE P OC T N OV D EC J AN FEB MAR APR M AY J UN J UL AUG SEP O CT
2008 2009
0
2500
5000
7500
10000
12500
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
D ate
O ilP D ( bbl/d )
O ilTes t ( bbl/d )
W ater P D ( bbl/d )
W ater Tes t ( bbl/d )
Tes t Liquid( bbl/d )
Ax is 2 2/4-M -3
O ilC um ( M bbl)
M prod.Liquid.Cum ( Mbbl)
Scalesqueeze
PLT
WhiskeySIChokeincrease,Scalesqueeze
Layering (SWPM)
10600.0
10800.0
11000.0
11200.0
11400.0
11600.0
11800.0
12000.0
6200 6300 6400 6500 6600 6700 6800 6900 7000 7100 7200
Pressure (psi)
MDRKB(ft)
Phy dpsi Pform psi
MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC J AN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUGSEP OC T
2008 2009
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Date
2/4-M-3
D HGP ( psia )
IDO Pres (psia )
W HP ( psig )
Rectangular grid with actual well trajectory
Injectors for water source and pressure support
Active
sector
Petrel-RE
model
Two types of analysis can be performed
OFM: applies allocation factors from
streamline simulation to actual production
history
Use actual production and injection
history
Easy time lapse analysis
Post-processing of allocation file from
FrontSim
Distinguishes between oil and water
Completion based (perforation interval
& layer level analysis)
Uses FrontSim/Petrel built-in post-
processing
Analysis can be by well (injector, producer)
or by region
volumes for
streamlines
originating from I1
P1
Few wells with high water prod.
• Rapid candidate identification
• Water front movement
• OIP, Reserves, Decline, Water cut analysis
• Drainage area
• Pattern analysis
• WOR signature
• Well testing
• Hall plot
Data & Consulting Services, Norway