nadila watora riski ramadan tesia rahmadita

1. Past perfect continuous tense
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2. Definition
Past perfect continuous tense is used to describe an ongoing action
that started in past and continued for some time in past. It expresses
continued nature of action that started and stopped at some point in the past.
The sentence includes a ‘time-reference’ to show that when the action was
continued in the past.
for time-reference of the action, two specific word ’since’ and ’for’ are
used in the sentence. The word ‘since’ is used if the exact starting time (e.g.
Friday, since 10 A.M) of the action is known or intended to be show in the
sentence. The word ‘for’ is used to express the mount of the time (e.g.for five
hours, for nine months) for which the action was continued.

3. Pattern

4. Positive santence
1.Subject + Auxiliary Verb + Main verb + Object + Time-reference
2. Subject + Had been + present Participle (base from verb + ing)
+ Object + time-referenct
Example :
- She had been watching the movie for two hours
- She had been studying in that university since 2008
- They were playing football since 10 o’clock.
- He had been working for Newspaper for five years.

5. Negative santence
1. Subject + Auxiliary verb + Main verb + Object + Time-
reference
2. Subject + Had not been + Present participle + Object +
Time-reference
Example :
- They had not been doing their work since 2003
- He had not been eating vegetables for three years
- she had not been cleaning her home since January 2013
- Kid had not been dringking milk for five months

6. Interrogative
1. Had + Subject + Been + Present participle + Object + Time-reference
Example :
- Had they been working on their project since 2005 ?
- Had she been waiting for her husband for one year ?
- Had he been eating vegetable for seven months ?
- Had he been using the same car since 2004 ?

7.  We use the past perfect continuous to show that something started in the past and continued up
until another time in the past.
 “for five minutes” and “for two weeks” are both durations which can be used with the past perfect
continuous.
 Notice that this is related to the present perfect continuous : however, the duration does not
continue until now, it stops before something else in the past.

8. Examples
 They have been talking for the last hour.
 She has been working at that company for three years.
 James has been teaching at the university since June.
 We have been waiting here for over two hours!

9. Use 2 : cause of something in the past
 Using the past perfect continuous before another action in the past is a good way to show cause
and effect

10. Examples
 Jason was tired because he had been jogging
 Sam gained weight because he had been overeating
 Betty failed the final test because she had not been attending class.