Eutrophication. mujahid hussain department of botany University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan

1. EUTROPHICATION
11-06-2017 1
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

2. When lakes, streams
and estuaries are over
fertilized, excessive
production of aquatic
organic matter can
become a water
quality
problem and as a
result the
eutrophication
process can be
enhanced!
11-06-2017 2
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

3. Eutrophication is a natural process!
However, humans in their everyday activities can
exacerbate the process:
Point sources (can locate the cause)
 Sewage treatment plant discharges
 Storm sewer discharges
 Industrial discharges
Non-point sources (can’t locate the cause, it’s
everywhere)
 Atmospheric deposition
 Agricultural runoff (fertilizer, soil erosion)
 Septic systems
11-06-2017 3
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

4. Eutrophication: a process
by which a body of
water progresses from its
origin to its
extinction. This process
happens in stages.
BEFORE EUTROPHICATION
AFTER EUTROPHICATION
11-06-2017 4
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

5. LACK OF OXYGEN
GROWTH OF BACTERIA
DEATH OF PLANTS
SUFFOCATION
GROWTH OF PLANTS
ADDITION OF NITRATES
Eutrophication process in 6 stages
11-06-2017 5
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

6. fertilisers
sewage
(liquid domestic
and industrial waste)
minerals
esp. nitrates
minerals
esp. phosphates
eutrophication
algal bloom
competition
for light
consumers can't
consume fast enough
dead plants dead algae
detritus
organicmaterial
Theprocessof
Eutrophication
11-06-2017 6
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

7. dead plants dead algae
detritus
more decomposers
use up oxygen
by aerobic respiration
(increased BOD)
aerobes die
(invertebrates,
fish, etc)
anaerobic bacteria
thrive. Release
NH , CH , H S4 4 2
The process of Eutrophication cont.
11-06-2017 7
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

8. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD).
This measures the rate of oxygen consumption by a
sample of water, and therefore gives a good
indication of eutrophication. A high BOD means lots
of organic material and aerobic microbes, i.e.
eutrophication
11-06-2017 8
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

9. LACK OF OXYGEN
GROWTH OF BACTERIA
DEATH OF PLANTS
SUFFOCATION
GROWTH OF PLANTS
ADDITION OF NITRATES
Eutrophication process in 6 stages
11-06-2017 9
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

10. 11-06-2017 10
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

11. Before increases in nutrients:
11-06-2017 11
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

12. Acceleration of eutrophication :
11-06-2017 12
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

13. Results of eutrophication :
11-06-2017 13
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

14. 11-06-2017 14
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

15. 11-06-2017 15
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

16. Photo 1: Algal bloom in a lake.
Photo 1: Algal bloom in a lake.
11-06-2017 16
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

17. Photo 2: Overgrowth of floating aquatic plants.
11-06-2017 17
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

18. Photo 23: Lake Biwa, the largest lake in Japan during
summer time showing overgrowth of aquatic plants.11-06-2017 18
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

19. Photo 4:
Fish
mortality
due to lack
of oxygen in
an
Indonesian
lake.
11-06-2017 19
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)

20. Put in order the stages of Eutrophication!
LACK OF OXYGEN
GROWTH OF BACTERIA
DEATH OF PLANTS
SUFFOCATIONGROWTH OF PLANTS
ADDITION OF NITRATES
11-06-2017 20
Mujahid hussain (M.Phil Botany) Department of
Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
(mujahid.hussain7877@gmail.com)