The document provides an overview of the history and development of the Android operating system. It discusses how Android was developed starting in 2003 and was later acquired by Google in 2005. The first Android smartphone was released in 2008. It gained popularity due to being an open source platform and incorporating features like GPS, maps and Google services. By 2010 Android had surpassed the iPhone's US market share. The document attributes Android's success to partnerships with major manufacturers who were able to produce many affordable devices, as well as frequent updates that introduced new features and expanded device compatibility. By 2013 Android captured around 80% of the global smartphone market.

1. The Android
-Mridu Agarwal,20/01/2014
The Android
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2. Contents
Abstract ……..................................................................................................................................................
1 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………….
1.1 Quick Start ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
1.2 History ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………
1.3 Why android?…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
1.4 Android and Society ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
1.5 Objectives of this research … ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1
1.6 Scope ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1
1.7 Limitation ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
1.8 Methodology ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
2 Marketing Strategy …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1
2.1 Market share ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
2.2 Popularity …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
2.3 Use and preference …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
3 The Next Generation ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
3.1 Android on other devices ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2
3.2 Future of Android ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Glossary ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Bibliography …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Image source: http://pcwallpaperhd.com/3d-cool-wallpaper-hd-android-wallpa

3. Acknowledgement
I would like to express my special appreciation and thanks to Chitra ma’am , you have been a
tremendous mentor for me. I would like to thank you for guiding me throughout and giving
me detailed feedbacks which helped me make this research better. Your advice has been
priceless. I would also like to thank all of my friends who supported me in writing, critiues
me, suggested me and motivated me throughout the project.
I would like to thank my Dad for his constant support and love, he helped me throughout the
research and help me mould it into this.
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4. Abstract
Android being one of the popular operating system for smart phones ad the most debated topic
made it intriguing for me as what it is all about , what is the buzz about this particular
topic, hence the research.
Talking about it’s history, to it’s future, it’s functions, how it’s affecting the society. In 10 years
android has gained a lot of success, beating other operating systems and taking over the
market. There are various other devices available in the market with android as it’s
operating system, yes not only smart phones but devices like camera, refrigerators,
washing machines, etc., . It’s all about the journey of android, success and it’s failures,
what has actually attracted people.
Discovering Android
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5. 1 Introduction
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6. 1.1 Quick Start
What is Android?
Dictionary meaning of android is known as the ‘Robot’ but in today’s parlance it is a Linux based
operating system, designed primarily for smart-phones (majority of touch-screen phones)
and tablet computers. It is one of the most widely used and preferred operating system
(OS).
In California, 2003, android was developed by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears and Chris
White. It was later acquired by Google in 2005. First release of an android Smartphone was
in 2008.Android is mainly used by L.G. (Nexus), Samsung, HTC and Sony. It’s been facing
stiff competition from iOS (Apple Inc.) and RIMs (Blackberry). From it’s initial release it first
acquired the Symbian market in the fourth quarter of 2010. Symbian was the most
commonly used operating system on mobile phones, all the leading mobile companies had
Symbian as their OS. Android is an open source platform to develop applications and sell
them in the android market. It is the most popular platform for the mobile application
developers providing them with great opportunities and business, there are over 2 million
applications with over 3billon downloads. [1]Core services such as security, memory
management, processing, hard drive model is done by Linux* for android.
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7. 1.2 History
Let’s go back in time
Source: http://cdnimg.visualizeus.com/thumbs/87/e3/android,backpack87e349b306e60531b11a27228d59cb5e_h.jpg
Early intentions for developing android were to develop advanced operating systems for
cameras, then the creators of android realised that the market for the product wasn’t large
enough, so they switched for smart phones operating system to rival Symbian, Windows
mobile phones and RIMs. (iOS* was not released until 2007).
From, the beginning, Android Incorporation operated secretly, they only exposed that the team
was working on mobile software’s. On that same year, Andy Rubin had some sort of
financial problems and Steve Perlman gave him $10,000 cash in an envelope and refused a
stake in Android Incorporation.[3]
Google Logo
Source : http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bUKEfw7DP8/UWhv9HkJzI/AAAAAAAAAFI/rFLUqcRYCzk/s1
600/google-android-chrome1.png
17th August,2005- Google acquired
Android, Powered by Linux
5, November 2007- The Open Handset Alliance, a
consortium of technology companies including
Google, device manufacturers such as HTC, Sony
and Samsung, wireless carriers such as Sprint
Nextel and T-Mobile, and chipset makers such as
Qualcomm and Texas Instruments, unveiled
itself, with a goal to develop open standards for
mobile devices. That day, Android was unveiled as
its first product, a mobile device platform built on
the Linux kernel version 2.6.[4]
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8. 12, November 2007- Release of android version beta SDK. SDK is software development kit
which gives you the platform to develop application, games and other software's, with
proper knowledge of HTML coding you can easily make applications of your choice.
Software Development Kit
Source: http://img.talkandroid.com/uploads/2012/03/android_resources.png
12, September 2008- First android device is launched , HTC Dream G1, which operated on android
1.0, after that the android update was released only for T1 and G1 mobile phones.
Since April 2009, Android versions have been developed under a codename and released according to
alphabetical order.
Android sweet version.
Source: http://cms.mobile88.com/news/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/kitkat.jpg
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9. On 3 September 2013 Google
announced that 1 billion
activated devices now use the
Android OS worldwide. The most
recent major Android update was
Jelly Bean 4.3, which was
released on commercial devices
on 24 July 2013 via an OTA(Over
the air programming) update.
Android is vast and complex, yet
it has intrigued people to an
extent where people
wonder, Why Android? What is
so great about it?
Launch of Jelly Bean
Source: http://r.phonedog.com/shared/images/2012/6/173107android41jellybean.jpg
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10. 1.3 Why Android?
Confused Android
Source: http://blog.radvision.com/images/2010/20100125-VoipSurvivor-why-android.jpg
We all have encountered technology from somewhere or the other, we practically live in a
technologically infested world that surviving without it seems impossible. Offices, and
other business oriented places cannot run without their computers and laptops, thus, they
invest heavily in their IT department. College and school assignments are now mailed to
the students, making a very efficient use of technology.
Most of us cannot imagine life without a Smartphone. Some say that they would literally ‘die’
without it. Technology has hit the world, where it is more like a need than a want.
World is contracting, people now use mobile phones not just for making calls and sending SMS
to each other but also perform various other activities such as for clicking picture, making
videos, surfing on the net, reading news on apps, play games, watch videos etc. We don’t
need a laptop or a desktop for this anymore, such technology has made us dependent on
it.
Android, provides us with all of the above and is also a very renowned user friendly OS. The
usage and the effect that it has caused in just 5 years makes it all exciting to how and what
worked out and how the android team did it.
We rule
Source: http://www.geekandblogger.com/wpcontent/uploads/2012/07/Why-Android-Is-Still-The-Best.jpg
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11. There are already many mobile platforms on the market today, including Symbian, iOS, Windows
Mobile, RIM, Linux Mobile (LiMo), and more. Where’s the “wow”?
Although some of its features have appeared before, Android is the first environment that
combines the following:
• A truly open, free development platform based on Linux and open source.
• A component-based architecture inspired by Internet, makes the user interface very easy to
understand because people are already familiar with the internet.
• Tons of built-in services, such as GPS, Maps, Google Voice etc. .
• High-quality graphics and sound.
• Portability across a wide range of current and future hardware: All your programs are written
in Java and executed by Android’s Dalvik virtual machine.
There are many other features that android has undertaken and has given it’s users new
applications to interact with.
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12. Android and Society
From the beginning of the day to the end, android comes to a great use as it provides everyone
with so many great applications which helps them in their day to day lifestyle. Mobile
phones have applications like- Alarm, music player, camera, e-mail, access to social
networking in just one touch away, radio, web surfing, watching videos online, chat
applications etc., thus affecting us on a very large scale.
Not just applications and the friendly user interface that android has, It also offers other
platform to it’s users such as to develop applications with the help of SDK. Knowledge
about HTML helps in developing application. Applications can then be sold in the Google
Play, leading for various business opportunities.
Google Play is android market, here one can download applications, paid/free, also sell
developed application.
Android is available in market from INR 4,000 to 40,000, making it available to everyone, making
it accessible to everyone and not limiting to the high-end users.
Android team is working on how can they be better and provide it’s users a better interface and
get new capabilities and possibilities for their users.
Lovable android
Source: http://img.gawkerassets.com/img/18mjr4c8xsvj4jpg/kumedium.jpg
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13. 1.5 Objectives of this research
•
•
•
Study factors responsible in making android popular in 5 years, market share and rate of
adoption for android.
Comparison with other Smartphone operating systems, to know it’s advantages over the
other commonly used OS such as iOS, Windows, RIM, Symbian, Linux.
Usage of android on devices other than smart phones.
1.6 Scope
Android is vast and complex, this research is targeting the youth. Therefore the focus will revolve
around:
•
What made the youth interested in android?
•
To understand the marketing strategy and what makes or breaks the reputation of a
product.
•
This research focuses mainly in India.
1.7 Limitation
•
•
•
•
Study for the topic Android is vast and complicated.
It is not possible to go into very detail due to limited time period.
There is a lot of competition in the market which leads to biased opinion about
android, which will lead to inaccuracy knowing if android is actually worth it.
It will be difficult to talk to the experts who are involved in the success of android.
1.8 Methodology
My primary research would be•
Observing how many people use android.
•
Talking to them on what they like about it and what made them buy android based
Smartphone.
•
Speak to the local shop owners of smart phones, know about the sales and thinking of
people when they look for a new phone.
My secondary research would be•
It will include research from internet.
•
Newspaper articles and magazine reviews
•
Readings from different researches done on this topic.
•
Finally my ideas and insights.
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14. 2 Marketing Strategy
One of the best promotional tool for any product is word of mouth. After
conducting a survey and talking to people, it led to a conclusion that
Android is one of the most popular OS* amongst people beating iOS and
RIM* , not only popular it is also one of he most preferred, over any other
existing OS.
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15. 2.1 Market Share
A survey was conducted, which included talking to people and online survey form which
concluded that 95% of the world population is completely aware of what android is. It is
interesting to know that people got to know about android not through advertisements but
from people and it’s popularity.
2010 was a very crucial year for Android, It surpassed the market share of iPhone in U.S.
However, Blackberry was on top overall.
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16. 2.2 Popularity
Going back in time and after speaking to different people led to these conclusions, which helped
in knowing why android gained popularity. – [2]
•
The true rise began in 2009, with the launch of Motorola Droid, which had the new version
of android 2.0. It was also a Verizon exclusive, which led to a great success as Verizon didn’t
offer iOS at that time. Verizon is an American broadband and telecommunication company
and corporate component of Dow Jones Industrial Average.
•
Motorola marketed their phone byMotorola Droid, 2009 from iPhones by the two major
differentiating itself
advantages that were physical keyboard and removable battery.
Motorola Vs iPhonne,2009
Source: http://the-gadgeteer.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/motorola-droid412.jpg
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17. •
•
In January 2010, Google launched it’s first ever smartphone, Nexus One, their way to shake
the entire smartphone market. They sold the unlocked phone for $529. T-Mobile
customers could get it for $129 on contract. It was not a huge success and was withdrawn
in July2010.
Google Nexus One, 2010
Source: http://forum.xda-developers.com/deviceForum/screenshots/556/20120617T091824.jpg
Yet, in 2010 launch of Samsung Galaxy S series got a lot of appreciation and sold about 100
million galaxy phones [4]. The variants of galaxy series made Samsung one of the most
popular brands for android devices.
Samsung Galaxy S, 2010
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18. •
HTC on the other hand launched EVO 4G, in June 2010, which was considered to be the
best alternative against iPhone.[5]
HTC EVO 4G vs. iPhone
Source: http://www.engadget.com/2010/06/25/iphone-4-or-evo-4g-which-one-should-you-get/
•
Later, Nexus developed a new phone built with Samsung, The Nexus S, similar to Samsung
Galaxy S (different design) , with the launch of new version Gingerbread, which quickly
became the most popular, and is still preferred and used in some phones.
Nexus S
Source:
http://www.blogcdn.com/www.engadget.com/media/2011/02/nexus-svodafone-02-07-2011.jpg
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19. •
In the fall of 2011 , android took over Blackberry’s market, and since then the market has
been declining.
•
Market share
In November,2011 the launch of the version Ice cream sandwich, changed everything. The
look and the new features intrigued people. It was also designed to work on Tablets hence
making it more popular.
Samsung Tab, Ice-cream Sandwich
Source : http://www.unwiredview.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Samsung-Android-IceCream-Sandwich-tablet-116-MWC-2012.jpg
•
2012 saw the true rise of android phones, the launch of S III, it became the top selling
phone leaving behind the iPhone and making Samsung the top android phone maker on
the planet.
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20. •
2012 summer, yet another launch of Android version, Jelly bean, it included Google
Now, voice assistant which was more robust and powerful than Siri on the iPhone.
2013, Android now holds 80% of the market!
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21. Android did things differently, different approach to what any other OS did, because it was a
product from Google it included great services like Gmail, YouTube, Google now, Google
Maps, which made it easier for brand to take it and develop phones. Because of different
manufacturers, they have been able to flood the market with different devices, also looking
at the low end, which led to a great popularity. It is similar to how windows was able to
take over Apple OS because windows was easily accessible to any manufacturer.
Launch of so many mobile phones in the course of 5 years led to a lot of things, people got
intrigued and influenced with the power of technology that was coming also the ease and
the way of how easily can things be connected, which made our life simpler. After launch
of every new software update people look forward to what is new and what else can one
do with what they have.
According to me, Samsung has contributed the most in the success of Android. When asked
about any android phone, one instantly relates to Samsung phones or Samsung is the
phone that crosses our minds, though now Sony and HTC are catching up and giving
Samsung a run for it’s money.
2.3 Use and Preference
According to the survey conducted for the research, 73% of the people are using android based
smartphone, and 72% of them prefer it over any other smartphone.
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22. When asked on what do you like in android?
People answered- Different applications, games etc.
- Friendly user interface, “ease of use even for a naïve” quoted by one of it’s user.
- Cost effectiveness
- It’s an open source.
The logo has also intrigued some people.
How people remarked about android•
- “Android being a easy to handle operating system and wide range of options available for
us.”
•
- “For better user interface than android. It is much more appealing to the eye. All the
apps have a nice round glossy finish to them.”
•
- “It is very user friendly, easy on pocket, and wide variety of options to chose from
and a lot of people are very satisfied with it.”
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23. Advantages of having an Android :
•
- User Interface – Loaded with different set of colors and schemes, one can easily change
the settings of the menu and make it easier for users to customize their screen as they
want. It’s also easier for them to navigate and control different features because of the
type user interface, one can touch and pinch to zoom in and out.
•
- Application Support – Android is famous for it’s number of application available. Most of
them are free to the users which makes it more cost effective and efficient for them.
•
- Performance- supports quad dual processor, which helps in high performance.
•
- Device Support – Android is an open source , which is why any manufacturer can
integrate it in their device, hence providing us with a lot of variety.
Application Support
Source:
http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/photo/6iVN
75645AM8232013.jpg
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User Interface
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24. 3 The Next Generation
Android has not limited itself to just smartphones, but they come in other
devices as well, android lover? You got to check these devices as well!
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25. 3.1 Android on other devices
As mentioned android was first designed for cameras, but because the market wasn’t large
enough they started to develop smartphones. Android is expanding in the most mind
bobbling way, and the market has been expanding in all sort of high tech stuff , from
mundane to hi-tech robots to weird technological gadgets.
Some of the devices include•
#1 Android TV – Google’s concept of bring android in our living room with series of
manufacturing devices, one being TV. With the help of TiVo, Google tries to infuse it’s
Google-internet with the standard television, this will help us to search for TV channels
, shows and movies, also watch photos, and videos online with the help of Google
empowered search.
Like the smartphones, TV will also have an open application market , where one could
download applications and use them according to one’s needs. It also helps to personalize
you experience and the product’s possibilities.
Smart Android player
Source: http://icedapp.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/10/All-in-One-Android-TVInternet-Box-With-WiFi-Bluetooth-and-HDMI.jpg
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26. •
•
#2 Android Tablet – A tablet is similar is a mobile computer with display, circuitry and
battery in single unit. Tablets has everything that a mobile phone has. The market has been
flooded with tablets from 2010, and is one of the most famous devices after android’s
smartphones.
#3 Android Home Phone system- Numerous manufacturers are hoping to strike a chord
with Android-powered phone systems for at-home use. These devices are no old-school
gadgets. They will connect to standard landlines, most of the models will feature a slew of
high-tech functions, including full Internet access and support for Android Market
applications.
Tablets
Source:
http://i.i.cbsi.com/cnwk.1d/i/tim//2010/09/01/GALAXY_Tab_(P1000)_Product_image_(3)_1.jpg
Home Phone System
Source: http://m5.paperblog.com/i/60/606806/panasonic-launches-kx-prx120home-phone-power-L-Q5JGdT.jpeg
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27. Android and it’s various uses
Source: http://www.aceorbit.com/content/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Android-HomeAppliances.jpg
•
•
#4 Android Home command centre- Taking the home phone system a step further, some
companies are working on all-out home control gadgets. The gadgets range from soupedup multimedia remotes -- complete with in-device Internet access, of course -- to fully
powered home command centers. It will let you do everything from flipping on and off
lights to locking doors and even adjusting the A/C.
#5 Android appliances- Android powered washer/dryer and a microwave. They are in the
market with full access to internet and an open source to applications.
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28. 3.2 Future of android
From 2008 to 2014, android has come a long way and there is no stopping to it, google is going
to keep innovating and developing. Making android available to other devices somehow is
making people habitual to android, making life impossible without android. For instance
people who own an android phone, if given any other phone with a different OS, they
won’t be able to survive. Reason being the dependence to the technology and the ease
where everything is just one touch away.
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29. Conclusion
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30. Glossary
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31. Bibliography
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32. The Android
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