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Approaching  Modern China Center for Industrial Ecology Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies 耶鲁大学森林与环境学院产业生态学中心 Prof. Marian Chertow Presentation to:  Mandarin China - Yale Educational Travel October 2008
Outline – Approaching Modern China ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Divinity Medicine Management Law  Music Drama Architecture Nursing Art Forestry and  Environmental Studies Yale College 1701
Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],TR and Pinchot
Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies ,[object Object],[object Object],Gus at UNDP
Brown  and  Green : the Dark Side ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Industrial Ecology  … looks at human/industrial systems in the  context of their natural surroundings
“ Industrial ecology is the  study of the flows of materials and energy  in industrial and consumer activities,  of the effects of these flows  on the environment, and of the influences of  economic, political, regulatory, and social factors  on the flow, use, and transformation of resources.” Defining Industrial Ecology  Robert White  NAE  1994
China consumes: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
China and Business:  The Mega-Story ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],166  United Kingdom     0.70    2007 est.  167    Belize       0.50    2007 est.  168    Zimbabwe       0.50    2007 est.  169    United States       0.50     2007 est.  170    Saudi Arabia       0.20    2007 est. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html
China’s Manufacturing Workforce  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A. Harney,  The China Price , The Penguin Press, 2008
Production goes well beyond traditional industries… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Chinese Renewable Energy Industries Association (CREIA),  Scientific American , August 4, 2008
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ANEEL KARNANI, THE MIRAGE OF MARKETING TO THE BOP CALIFORNIA MANAGEMENT REVIEW VOL. 49, NO. 4 SUMMER 2007
Source:  Altenburg et al (2008),. Breakthrough? China’s and India’s transition from production to innovation.  World Development, Volume 36, No. 2, 325-344 From 1995-2004 China’s contribution to global production of scientific publications rose from 2.0% to 6.5%
Averages Tell Us Little About China:  Income of urban and rural residents
 
The Infamy of 2005!
Demography ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Population Trends in China, India, and the United States, 1950 - 2050 So urce:  Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision and World Urbanization Prospects: The 2005 Revision,  http://esa.un.org/unpp ,  Heskesth, T et al. (2005) The Effect of One-Child Family Policy after 25 Years. The New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 353:1171-1176 China
The Distribution of World Population
Longevity is rapidly increasing Some Figures…..
Fertility is rapidly decreasing Some Figures….. Linked to  one-child policy
Beginning in   2010  the world’s most populous nation will enter a 30 year period of rapid aging
What does Aging in China mean? The Numbers more than 300 million people 65 and older by 2050 more than 20% of the population  65 and older by 2050
USA - China A half century from now China will have a larger population over 65 by percent than USA And in comparison with the rest of the world?
And in comparison with the rest of the world? A half century from now the number of China’s elderly will be far greater than the combined elderly population of North America, Europe and Japan
Another implication of demography ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Liu and Diamond,  Nature  Vol 435 June 2005
PRC government structure
China’s legal framework (1) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
China’s legal framework (2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PRC government structure II
3 types Source: Ma and Ortolano, 2000 3 at same level
Differences in emphasis from U.S.- I ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],J. Starr,  Understanding China,  Hill and Wang, 2001.
Differences in emphasis from U.S.- II ,[object Object],[object Object],J. Starr,  Understanding China,  Hill and Wang, 2001.
Which is the real China  I?
Which is the real China  II?
Evolving understanding of the  fundamental question of development ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A new industrialization model…for reconciling China’s twin goals To increase economic growth and  social welfare 2000 2010 2020 2050 To decrease resource consumption and pollution Revised from: Prof. Zhu Dajian
Addressing imbalances ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://www.vub.ac.be/biccs/documents/Asia_briefin_Duncan__2008_22Mar.pdf
Source: Liu, J. and Diamond, J. (2008). Revolutionizing China’s environmental protection. Science, Vol 413, 37-38 CO 2  emissions are rising in step with growing GDP
National Geographic   March 2004 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Understanding China: 2-sided  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
So which is the real China? (I) Photo credit: Beijing, Dan Eckstein 2006
So which is the real China? (II)

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Chertow Lecture #1

  • 1. Approaching Modern China Center for Industrial Ecology Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies 耶鲁大学森林与环境学院产业生态学中心 Prof. Marian Chertow Presentation to: Mandarin China - Yale Educational Travel October 2008
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  • 4. Divinity Medicine Management Law Music Drama Architecture Nursing Art Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale College 1701
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  • 8. Industrial Ecology … looks at human/industrial systems in the context of their natural surroundings
  • 9. “ Industrial ecology is the study of the flows of materials and energy in industrial and consumer activities, of the effects of these flows on the environment, and of the influences of economic, political, regulatory, and social factors on the flow, use, and transformation of resources.” Defining Industrial Ecology Robert White NAE 1994
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  • 17. Source: Altenburg et al (2008),. Breakthrough? China’s and India’s transition from production to innovation. World Development, Volume 36, No. 2, 325-344 From 1995-2004 China’s contribution to global production of scientific publications rose from 2.0% to 6.5%
  • 18. Averages Tell Us Little About China: Income of urban and rural residents
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  • 20. The Infamy of 2005!
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  • 22. Population Trends in China, India, and the United States, 1950 - 2050 So urce: Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision and World Urbanization Prospects: The 2005 Revision, http://esa.un.org/unpp , Heskesth, T et al. (2005) The Effect of One-Child Family Policy after 25 Years. The New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 353:1171-1176 China
  • 23. The Distribution of World Population
  • 24. Longevity is rapidly increasing Some Figures…..
  • 25. Fertility is rapidly decreasing Some Figures….. Linked to one-child policy
  • 26. Beginning in 2010 the world’s most populous nation will enter a 30 year period of rapid aging
  • 27. What does Aging in China mean? The Numbers more than 300 million people 65 and older by 2050 more than 20% of the population 65 and older by 2050
  • 28. USA - China A half century from now China will have a larger population over 65 by percent than USA And in comparison with the rest of the world?
  • 29. And in comparison with the rest of the world? A half century from now the number of China’s elderly will be far greater than the combined elderly population of North America, Europe and Japan
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  • 35. 3 types Source: Ma and Ortolano, 2000 3 at same level
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  • 38. Which is the real China I?
  • 39. Which is the real China II?
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  • 41. A new industrialization model…for reconciling China’s twin goals To increase economic growth and social welfare 2000 2010 2020 2050 To decrease resource consumption and pollution Revised from: Prof. Zhu Dajian
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  • 43. Source: Liu, J. and Diamond, J. (2008). Revolutionizing China’s environmental protection. Science, Vol 413, 37-38 CO 2 emissions are rising in step with growing GDP
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  • 46. So which is the real China? (I) Photo credit: Beijing, Dan Eckstein 2006
  • 47. So which is the real China? (II)