2. WHAT IS DEVIANCE?
Deviance is any behavior that violates
social norms, and is usually of sufficient
severity to warrant disapproval from the
majority of society.
Deviance is defined as the
recognized violation of cultural norms
but more simply defined as any rule
breaking behavior.
3.
4. FORMAL DEVIANCE
Formal Deviance – a deviant behavior of
violating enacted laws such as homicide and
theft. This formal deviance can be violations of
codified laws, rules, regulations and codes of
conduct. Formal deviance, quite simply,
describes an act committed by a person or
group of persons that goes against the
established laws of society.
5. INFORMAL DEVIANCE
Informal deviance refers to the fact that an
individual (or group of individuals) may be
slightly non-conformist to the general trend
of society; however, his/her/their behaviour
does not constitute an illegal act.
6. SELF DESTRUCTIVE DEVIANCE
Self destructive deviance is the overarching
term for behaviors which are intentionally
done to cause harm or possible death to a
person. The most common types of self
destructive behaviors are self-harm being
intentional self mutilation, substance abuse
of either drugs or alcohol, and suicidal
attempts.
7. “NORMS & DEVIANT”
A norm is not necessarily a “rule.” Rules
are often imposed by those in power, not
socially shared.
Violations of rules is, in the case of sports
for example, perfectly acceptable and not
deviant. Violation of norms is always
deviant.
An individual’s negative response to an
act is not what makes the act deviant.
8. A CROSS-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE OF
DEVIANCE
Deviance varies from time-to-time and place-to-
place. In a particular society, an act which is
considered deviant today may be defined as
normal in the future. An act defined as deviant in
one society, may be seen as perfectly normal in
another.
At certain times, in western society, it has been
considered deviant for women to smoke, use
make-up and consume alcoholic drinks in public.
Today, this is no longer the case.
Fighting in the street is deviant but not if it takes
place in a boxing ring.
9. FUNCTIONS OF DEVIANCE
Deviant acts can be assertions of
individuality
and identity, and thus as rebellions against
group norms.
Violence
Suicide
Alcoholism
Drug abuse
Sexual mis-conduct
mental illness
10. VIOLENCE:
The word violence covers a broad spectrum.
Violence is the expression of physical force
against
self or other, compelling action against one's will
on
pain of being hurt. Variant uses of the term refer
to
the destruction of non-living objects. Worldwide,
violence is used as a tool of manipulation and
also is
an area of concern for law and culture.
11. SUICIDE:
Suicide is the act of a human being
intentionally causing his or her own death.
Suicide may occur for a number of
reasons, including Depression, shame, guilt,
desprition, physical pain, emotional pressure,
anxiety, financial difficulties, or other
undesirable situations.
12. ALCOHOLISM:
Alcoholism is the addiction to or dependency
upon drinking excessive amounts of alcoholic
beverages. Since the late twentieth century it
has been considered an addictive disorder. It is
characterized by compulsive and uncontrolled
consumption of alcohol, usually to the
detriment of the drinker's health, relationships,
and social standing. Like other drug addictions,
alcoholism is medically defined as a treatable
disease.
13.
14. DRUG ABUSE:
Drug abuse is a complex phenomenon, which has
various social, cultural, biological, historical and
economic aspects. The disintegration of the old joint
family system, absence of parental love and care in
modern families where both parents are working,
decline of old religious and moral values etc lead to
a rise in the number of drug addicts who take drugs
to escape hard realities of life. Drug abuse has led
to a detrimental impact on the society. It has led to
increase in the crime rate. Addicts resort to crime to
pay for their drugs.
15.
16. SEXUAL MIS-CONDUCT:
Sexual misconduct is misconduct of a sexual nature.
In
legal sense, for a person in a position of authority it
includes in particular any sexual activity between
him or
her and one of his or her subordinates.
17. MENTAL ILLNESS:
A mental illness is a psychological or behavioural
pattern that occurs in an individual. The
recognition
and understanding of mental disorders has
changed
over time and across cultures.
Mental illness is based on whether a person’s
behaviours are maladaptive—that is, whether they
cause a person to experience problems in coping
with
18. Prostitution:
However, whether prostitution is deviant or not is not
the starting place of the social-conflict paradigm.
Prostitution is deviant, in that it is an action that is
outside the norm of the accepted standards of our
society.
PROSTITUTION:
