The Epic Of Gilgamesh

The Epic Of Gilgamesh
According to Zubaida (2003), the Middle East is located in parts of Western Asia spreading from the eastern Mediterranean coastline of Turkey and
Syria, through the desert to Iraq and Arabia, and to the East through Iran to the Caspian, the Caucasus, and the Black Sea. Into Africa, it includes Egypt,
and, by some accounts, Arab North Africa. This area comprises of mountains, deserts, fertile plains watered by grand rivers, and seacoasts. Climatic
ally, the Middle East ranges from the extreme temperature of the Mediterranean coast, to the extreme heat of the arid desert areas, to snowy mountains.
This variety of terrain produces a wide range of food ingredients.
History
The Middle East is frequently referred to as the "cradle of Civilization," ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Islamization of much of Iran and the Byzantine Empire brought these elements of older cultures to shape the emergent civilization, notably its
culinary elements. The last empire to rule the region (before European colonial rule) was the Ottoman, which also included much of southeast Europe,
creating a wide cultural synthesis of Turkish statecraft, Arab religion, Persian culture, and many elements from the territories under its control. This
synthesis included the food cultures. An important epoch in the history of the region, which also affected food culture, was that of Arab Spain, from
the eighth to the fifteenth centuries
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Athens Vs Sparta Research Paper
Use your impressions of Athens and Sparta to discuss and compare daily life in the two city–states.
It is very interesting to talk about Greece and precisely the ancient Greece which had left a crucial history to learn and share to others over the
world today. It also left a mark, trace or line of politics systems and comprised: democracy, oligarchy, tyranny, monarchy, and furthermore aristocracy
for politicians on the worldwide. Logically, "Greece was a collection of some 1500 separate communities scattered round the Mediterranean and Black
sea shores 'like frogs around a pond'." (Cartledge, P., 2011) However, its capital isAthens, and Sparta is another great city which is next to Athens. They
have different cultures, values, and lifestyles. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During a long period, Sparta represented a great defense of Greece because it was known as the Dorian Greek military state. As it was underlined on
military power, it always searched to have control over the kingdoms. The form of Spartans government was called oligarchy (ruled by few) but it had
elements of monarchy, democracy and aristocracy as well. Notice the Spartans were not concentrated on education and neither in interact greatly with
others in the world. However, "it was principally an agricultural land and because of its inland position, nevertheless, the most important imports were
metals." http://www.diffen.com/difference/Athens_vs_Sparta
Notice the both cities had several things in common as for example they were both thinkers. They adore their gods and respect people. They also loved
beauty, music, literature, drama, philosophy, politics, art, and sports.
Reference: Cartledge, P., 2011, British Broadcasting Corporation, retrieve from

Italy : A Long And Rich History
Italy stands as the embodiment of unique cuisine, fashion, industry, and culture. Italy holds a long and rich history, starting from how it became one
country during ancient times. For thousands of years, people have lived in Italy, relying on its vast amount of assets and resources. There was no
established group of settlers to arrive first, because the chief pioneers entailed many different types of people who spoke different languages. Italy was
at first preceded by several non–Italian cultures, including Greeks. The Greeks occupied southern Italy, including areas around Sicily. This remained a
wealthy extent of land because of the tremendously fertile soil, which then caused the sprout of new cities and civilization. These Greek cities
ultimately stood taken over by Roman control. As far as northern city–states, the Etruscans lived in areas influenced by Greek culture. The Etruscans
stayed well–known engineers, builders, and traders. Italy was always back and forth in the control of foreign authorities, but finally landed in the
power of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire took over at about 450 B.C., but eventually collapsed. The land that now stands as Italy was ruled
by Julius Caesar. There were many civil wars before and after Julius Caesar's death. The land was then restored by Octavian, Caesar's son, who later
passed his throne to his son Tiberius. Although ancient Italy had been taken over by diverse commands, it still held on to its vast culture and

The Healthy Mediterranean Diet Will Be Under Siege By Fast...
about в‚¬2.9 billion in 2019, which amounts to a 50 percent increase from 2014 (Jones). This indicates that the healthy Mediterranean diet will
continue to be under siege by fast food which could see the healthiest people in the world become fat and more prone to diet–based diseases.
As noted earlier, the problem of health and culture go together not only in Europe, but also in the Asian markets. Various countries in Asia have seen
very similar results of what is happening in the Mediterranean. Many Asian nations have been invaded by the fast–food industry and have seen their
culture and health decline. Specifically in China, the traditional cuisine includes large amounts of vegetables and grains with meager quantity of meat.
However, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This indicates that people feel the pressure that fast food does in fact affect culture and that measures must be taken in order to prevent losing their
identity before it is too late. One example of this is in France, a country with a long history of taking pride in its cuisine. In 2011, for the first time in
the country's history, fast food earned more than the traditional French restaurants and bistros (Samuel). The traditional diet is vital to France as it is a
way of life and a source of revenue from tourists. For those reasons in 2010, the government was able to put the ethnic diet on the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO) World Heritage List as a way to protect the cuisine ("France's Fast Food"). The same
article noted that the government has also tried to push through legislation that would limit the amount of places that can be called a "restaurant" to
establishments who make over half of their food on the premises. This potential regulation would create transparency which would help to distinguish
ethnic food from fast food. Through these measures, the French government is attempting to control the damage and lessen the impact of fast food on
their historic cuisine. However, it is an uphill battle to try and reverse the effects of the fast–food industry even in

Sicil Sicily Research Paper
Sicily, with an area of 25,711 sq km, is the largest and most densely populated of the islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The island is separated from the
Italian mainland by the Strait of Messina just 3km to the north. A map reveals Italy's long shoe–like peninsula seemingly booting the triangular shaped
island into the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, almost to Tunisia in northern Africa, 160 km to the southeast. Sicily's strategic location has made it the
world's most conquered island. This autonomous region of present day Italy has seen the rise and fall of various conquerors – Greek, Carthaginian,
Roman, Vandal, Byzantine, Moslem, Norman, French and Spanish.
Sicily is mostly mountainous and enjoys a pleasant subtropical and Mediterranean climate. Average rainfall range is 400–600 mm on the plains and up
to 1400 mm in the mountains. There is a plentiful supply of underground and spring water. The island is often subject to intense seismic and volcanic
activity. Mount Etna towers above the city of Catania on the east coast. At 3,330 metres above sea level it is Europe's highest and most active volcano.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Elymians, the Sicanians and the Sicels were the three ancient indigenous peoples on Sicily before the Phoenicians and Greeks arrived on the
island. The Sicels occupied Sicily in the east and gave their name to the island. The Elymians probably migrated from Asian Minor via Africa,
maybe as far back as 6,000 BC. They established cities in northwestern Sicily, displacing or amalgamating with the Sicanians in these areas. Their two
major cities were Erice and Segesta whose temples and amphitheatres are carefully being restored. According to Thucydides in his 'History of the
Peloponnesian War', Egesta (Segesta) and nearby Eryx (Erice) were founded by colonists from Troy in the 2nd millennium BC. They call themselves
Elymi and speak their own Elymian language. Later they adopt the Greek language and

Mare Nostrum Research Paper
Salvete! Mihi nomen est Valerie Nguyen Crispina. My topic, number 29, is the Mare Nostrum, which is the Mediterranean Sea. I'm going to talk
about the geography, some civilizations connected to it, and why it is just as important today as it was in the past. Romans called it "Mare Nostrum"
because in Latin, it means "our sea". In Latin, the Mediterranean means "in the middle of the earth". According to Bible–history.com, the
Mediterranean covers approximately 965,000 square miles with an average depth of 4,900 feet. It is almost completely surrounded by three continents:
Europe, Asia, and Africa. Only a narrow strait connects the sea to the Atlantic, according to the website English–online.at. Some of the first notable
civilizations, such

The Egyptian Empire: 3200-750 CE
Many ancient empires had success and most had similar features that allowed them to reach their peak. The Egyptian Empire ruled along the Nile
River during 3200 – 1640 BCE. Later on, Ancient Greece controlled the Mediterranean region during the 750–388 BCE. No Sooner than later, The
Kingdom Of Aksum settled on the horn of Africa during 100– 750 CE. All of these empires successes and failures shows that geography is the mother
of history. TheNile River provided many challenges, but the Egyptians used the Nile to their advantage, to grow crops which allowed them to trade
with many countries along the Nile which also gave them an abundance of food. Another land feature that helped and gave many challenges in many
places, was Greece, was the mountains, which isolated them so they weren't attacked and also made it hard for them to farm so ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The land affected Greece's economy with its rocky soil and dry environment that wouldn't allow them to grow large quantities of grain crops. In
order to feed the population, they had the trade for goods they didn't possess such as grain, lumber and precious metals. The climate allowed them to
grow grapes and olives and they traded olive oil and wine for products they needed. The seas were avenues or highways for trade. The Greeks became
great shipbuilders and sailors. Trade and contact with other Mediterranean people lead to an exchange of goods but also ideas and knowledge.
Mountains divided the land into regions. This lead to the development of separate, independent city–states. As city–states became more powerful they
gained colonies to grow products not grown in Greece such as grains. Athens developed a democracy of rich men but most other city–states were
dictatorships such as Sparta. The geography of Greece forced the Greeks to look to the seas as highways for trade to meet their

King Muwatalli Hero
King Muwatalli: Hero? Different people have diverse descriptions of what they might call a hero. King Muwatalli II, sometimes referred to as
Mutallu or Muwatallish, of the ancient Hittite tribe may be called a hero if we define the term as a person who, endowed with extraordinary qualities
of heart and mind (he was determined on reclaiming lands that his people had settled and freeing them from Egyptian rule), sets out to achieve a
near–impossible goal (achieving peace by means of war with Ramses II and the Egyptian kingdom), and succeeds in the face of serious opposition
(having no allies, being seriously outmanned, and having inferior technology, he was able to force the retreat of the Egyptian king and his army,
paving the way for the first documented written peace treaty). King Muwatalli II was the King of the Hittite kingdom in a time of great turmoil and
many land disputes. His kingdom had a long history of battling for the land around the region called the Levant. This is the area in present day along
the eastern edge of the Mediterranean... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Having seen his homeland in disarray from the lack of rule and constant hardships that the Egyptians had caused, Muwatalli II decided it was time to
reclaim the land. "The Egyptians began to regard Canaan and the lands north of it as a strategic territory that could provide them not only with
economic benefits (products, resources, and manpower), but also with a zone of security" (Santosuosso 426). The area afforded the opportunity to
trade with access to the Mediterranean, as well as the obvious benefit of agriculture. Kadesh would be the perfect location to gain control of the region
due to it being a fortified town in a fertile valley in which the main paths to the Mediterranean crossed (Wilkinson 301). Control of such lands would
have benefited the Hittites in rebuilding the infrastructure of their empire

Ellen Churchill Semple: Environmental Determinism
Ellen Churchill Semple was a leader when it came to the field of geography. She was one of the key scholars of American geography of
environmental determinism. Ellen was born in Louisville, Kentucky on January 8, 1863, during the time of the civil war. She did her college studies
in Vessar, New York (Geoffrey Martins,2005). The Semple family's wealth and honor gave her better educaВ¬tional chances and enabled her to be
advanced in self–determining research. She attended a number of educational institutions in Louisville. In the year 1878, at age fifteen, Semple
shadowed her sister and arrived at Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York. Although a juvenile, Semple passed the entrance examination. However,
the college did not encourage teaching in geography. (Keighren,2010) After graduating from Vassar in
Ellen Semple came back to Louisville. In her home, she had the opportunity to be as a geography teacher at a private school owned by her older sisters
and started her career in cultural geography. Ellen started fieldwork that would hint to her extremely influential article titled "The Anglo–Saxons of the
Kentucky Mountains". Through that time, Semple worked on improving the theoretical construct that would eventually be called environmental
determinism. Ellen received a master's degree from Vassar in 1891. The title of her thesis was "Slavery: A Study in Sociology." She moved to
Germany to study Ratzel. She lived with a local German family in order to develop her Germany language skills. In 1891, even though women were
not allowed to register in German universities, upon arrival in Germany, she went to Leipzig and studied with Ratzel and his new approach on
anthropogeography. She did not get her degree in

American Diet Vs Western Diet Essay
In a time where more and more people are cautious of their health, and are searching for a master plan to stay healthy, it is interesting to find that there
has been a region that might have found that master plan, and has been living by it for years. The Mediterranean region, with their high consumption of
vegetables and grains, and low consumption of meats and dairy, have created a population that have lived longer, and have suffered from less chronic
diseases than any other region in the world (Nestle, 1995). On the contrary, the Western diet, with its high consumption of meats, refined sugars, and
saturated fats, has influenced cultures into a way of life that has increased chronic diseases and obesity, and has made humans adapt to an environment
that influences unhealthy, heavily processed foods that are negatively affecting theirhealth (Cordain, Eaton, Sebastian, Mann, Lindeberg, Watkins,
O'Keefe, Brand–Miller, 2005). These two ways of life have coexisted over the years, but have begun to influence each other, creating both positive and
negative effects. The Mediterranean ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Processed foods offer little nutritional value and are often high in sugar, sodium, and other chemicals that can have negative effects on our health
(Myles, 2014). These changes in how are food is prepared has created a society that overconsumes refined sugars, saturated fat, and salt, while making
people more susceptible to obesity and major damage to their heart and kidneys (Myles, 2014). Although some of the foods eaten in the Mediterranean
and Western diets are the same, the preparation of the foods for the Western diet includes more refined ingredients, causing a portion of its nutritional
value to go away and allowing people to consume ingredients that our body struggles to digest (Cordain et al.'s,

The Five Principles Of Civilization
The five principles of civilization allow you to get a better understanding of history. Not only does it break down the material for you to learn easier,
but it allows you to receive the information for where you can remember the contents better. Principle one is Geography is Destiny, geography is what
allowed civilizations to settle down, which led to the creation of agriculture, trade, war, politics, new inventions, etc., while it also helped them get to
where we are today by striving to create a destiny for ourselves. Principle two is Agriculture Creates Civilization, civilization would die off if they
couldn't produce food so agriculture allowed civilizations to grow into cities. Depending on the geography of where the civilization was located,
depended on what they could grow. So they had to adapt to their surroundings to figure out what they could grow. Principle three, Clashes of Culture
Drive Innovation, shows how civilizations would fight each other for different resources (land, food, water) which led civilians to new ideas being
invented like new weapons and strategies so they could defeat their enemy. War led to civilizations spreading and teaching their ways with other
civilizations by them seeing their ideas so they had to do better (encouraged new ideas). Principle four, Trade Is the Lifeblood of Civilizations, trade
made it possible for different cultures/civilizations to trade their goods and ideas. This allowed them to see other religions, agriculture,

Geographic Features In Ancient Egypt
All through history, geographic features have impacted the improvement of civilizations and districts. These features have both advanced and
constrained interactions with other civilizations and regions. Today, I will inform you about two main geographic features that have substantially
influenced the development of ancient Egypt and have promoted or limited the interaction of this civilization with another civilization or region. These
geographic features are the Nile river and the Mediterranean sea. Throughout this essay, you will also learn about how the ancient Egyptian civilization
compares to modern Egypt.
Before I apprise you about how the Nile river and the Mediterranean sea have influenced the development of ancient Egypt and have promoted or
limited the interaction of this civilization with another civilization or region, I would like to provide you some background information so that you
can clearly interpret how the Nile river and the Mediterranean sea have influenced the development of ancient Egypt and have promoted or limited the
interaction of this civilization with another civilization or region. For starters, the Nile river is approximately 6,670 km (4,160 miles) in length and is
the longest river in Africa and in the world. In spite of the fact that it is generally related to Egypt, only 22% of the Nile's course runs through Egypt.
The Nile flow through Uganda, Ethiopia, Sudan, Burundi, and Egypt. The river has two tributaries, and the source of the

Similarities Between Christians And Byzantines
In this course, we have learned about three medieval worlds that existed in regions bordering the Mediterranean Sea: the Latin–Christian–ruled world,
the Byzantine–ruled world, and the Muslim ruled world. Some historians argue that all of these worlds were really part of one larger Mediterranean
Cultural world, while others argue that each world was actually very different. I stand on the side of separate but connected in this debate. The extent
that these three worlds were similar politically was the constant power struggles, Culturally the connection through trade, and Religiously their
prevalent worship of god. The extent were they different politically was their diplomatic/war relations, Culturally their language and arts, and
Religiously how they practiced their religion. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When a King, emperor, pope, or other powerful position was taken down both worlds would cut out the tongue and poke the eyes. This treatment of
former major political powers is unique to these two regions.Political similarities between Latin Christians and Muslims include how both worlds are
fractured. The Latin Christians have kingdoms and empires that fight for land and resources in europe. While Muslims have a similar power struggle
with rivaling Caliphates. Both areas are connected within themselves culturally but fight against their own kind for power.Political similarities between
the Byzantines and Muslims is their view, treatment and history with the Latin Christians. Both saw the Christians or "Franks" as courageous but
ignorant, greedy, and idiotic at times. This is because of the multiple invasions the Christian's undertook unto both Muslim and Byzantine lands. Latin
Christian's tendency to make a deal with you today and stab you tomorrow lead both worlds to never trust these

Interrupting The Flow Of History Essay
Interrupting The Flow of History: Three Major Disruptions Though out the history of the Mediterranean it has been plagued by huge events that have
violated the norm and disrupted the society as a whole in tremendous ways. These disruptions have caused major deviations in the course for the
Mediterranean everything from creation of nations to horrible bloody wars to the creation of several major religions and many smaller religions. These
changes have created both great joyous things for the Mediterranean and created horrible life altering tragedies for the people. Throughout history we
have seen a common theme and that is when the Mediterranean is joined and interacting peacefully it prospers in unimaginably enormous ways but
when the Mediterranean is separated it suffers in horribly extreme ways and is left behind by the rest of the world. The Mediterranean has been
fragmented to many times to count and has been brought together only few time. There are Three major life altering disruptions that have happened in
Mediterranean throughout its extremely long history the first of which would be the creation of the Roman Empire being all of the Mediterranean
together under a single power, second would be the Crusades breaking the Mediterranean into two major regions who have been constantly at war, and
finally the WWII the coming of the major powers into the Mediterranean and the connection and separation that came along with them.
The Roman Empire was able to completely

The Silk Road Essay
The Silk Road was an elaborate and ever–changing network of overland trade routes that linked China, India, and western Eurasia for thousands of
years. The trade route was key to the diffusion and transportation of technology, goods, religions, and language throughout Asia, the Mediterranean,
Africa and southern Europe. As the most durable links between major population centers in the largest landmass on earth, the Silk Road was one of the
most important of all long–distance trade routes in human history. Study of the Silk Road has made it apparent that Eurasian history consisted of more
than the separate histories of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Europe, India, Southeast Asia, and China. On the contrary, for several thousand years, the Silk Roads
Moving with their herds and spending much of their time on horseback, pastoralists were much more mobile than farmers and reigned over large
areas. But it was difficult for them to grow and store crops, so most traded with farming communities at the edge of their grazing lands. The pastoralists
would exchange livestock products for agricultural produce and manufactured goods. This way, pastoralists gradually created far–reaching systems of
trade that from Siberia to India and from China to the Mediterranean. With the spread of pastoralism, Inner Eurasia now had channels of
communication across Eurasia. Early evidence of trade along the Silk Roads comes from the so–called Oxus civilization, a group of fortified farming
and trading cities built about 4,000 years ago on the borders between modern Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Archaeologists have found
Chinese silks and goods from India and Mesopotamia, and pottery and ornaments from Inner Eurasia. The archaeological evidence suggests a pattern of
cooperation between urban merchants and pastoralists. Over time, sophisticated systems of trade emerged that was organized in caravans sometimes
with hundreds of individuals, often financed by urban merchants, and supplied with manufactured goods and the regions specialties. At least by the
first millennium BCE, caravans could stop at special rest stops known as

How Rome Became an Empire
Rome Becoming an Empire:
Currently, Rome is the capital city of Italy despite being the centre of the Roman Empire more than 2,000 years ago. According to reports by current
historians and archeologists, people were living in Rome long before 753 BC, the legend is considered as one of the most popular in world history.
Generally, the Roman Empire included most of what is currently regarded as Western Europe. A Roman lifestyle was established in these countries
following the fact that the empire was subjugated by the Roman Army, who introduced this way of life. The main countries that were under the control
of the Roman Empire during this period include Hispania (Spain), Archaea (Greece), England/Wales (Britannia), the Middle East (Judea), France
(Gaul), and North African coastal region.
The main reason why Rome became an empire is that the Romans were not satisfied with conquering the neighboring land around them. This desire to
conquer more land was fueled by the Romans victory over Carthage that made them to become the most powerful state in the Mediterranean region.
Through this victory, the Romans had all the opportunity they required to extend their powers across the region. As a result, the Romans became more
wealthy and powerful as they were able to expand their empire further ("The Roman Empire" par, 3). Their pursuit to conquer more land and establish
the Roman Empire was also driven by the Romans belief that the land further away may contain riches that would

Morocco Research Paper
In many ways, Morocco is a country in it of itself. It sits on the northwestern corner of Africa, or in The Maghreb. It is tucked away from the rest of
the continent and world by the soaring Atlas Mountains that sit in over 7,638 feet tall , in the South East you will find the Sahara Desert, which only
engulfs 10 cities with its sand dunes stretching the size of the U.S. Its climate, geography, culture and history are closely related to the Mediterranean
Culture than to the rest of African countries. For this reason tourist and visitors are often shocked by the odd feeling that they visited one of the
Mediterranean Countries instead of reaching Africa and more specifically Morocco. In the northern part of the country, its fine beaches, ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the Moroccan government, they own the country of Western Sahara or Western Morocco which claimed independence from
Morocco, Western Algeria and Spain in 1991 after a guerilla fire against Morocco and Western Algeria. The war ending in a cease fire. Morocco's
Constitutional Monarchy, it's ruler being King Mohamed VI, who ascended to the throne in 1999 after his father King Hassan II. As a matter of
fact, he has a festival every year on the date he ascended to the throne. The King, obviously, has a lifelong kingship, but his cabinet serve a six year
term, they are chosen by the Prime Minister and Parliament. His Chamber (or House) of Representatives Serve a five year term, they are elected
by the people of Morocco. In the Chamber, there are 180 seats in the Chamber, 90 are reserved for the elected people, 60 are reserved for the
women, and 30 are reserved for regular young people. The King is the leader of all branches and the Supreme Court and the Armed Forces, He also
appoints the Prime Minister and other important government officials. King Mohamed VI is the richest Monarch in all of Africa, some of his
accomplishments is that he worked to improve economic reforms. King Hassan II's 38–year rule from 1961 to 1999 was characterized by a poor
human rights record, decades of imprisonment without trial, and the "mysterious disappearances" of his political opponents. To fix this King Mohamed
VI established the

How Did Greece Influence The Mediterraneans
Romans had an important part in history. They pioneered many great innovations such as roads and modern aqueducts. However, Greece had a bigger
impact on the mediterranean through cultural diffusion and the direct relationship Greece had with the other countries. They had a greater influence on
these other countries through arts, protection, and other things such as literature. "Latin poets also followed the same literary forms as the greek poets
when writing their own works." Even romans were curious about and admired the culture of Greece, as they used and adapted parts of it, especially in
Literature and Arts
Greece had a larger impact on the mediterranean than Rome did. Greece had a large impact through arts and protection, to name a few. Greece even
influenced Rome highly through arts and Literature, as Romans valued art and began to import Greek art and imitate the writing styles of the Greeks.
Greece also had a large effect on the mediterranean through protection, because after the Persian war, Greece offered protection by the greek Navy in
turn for large sums of money. This created the golden age in Greece and highly effected the many other parts of the mediterranean. Trading by greece
was another major ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For one, Rome did have a large empire that controlled much of the Mediterranean and where art and literature were highly respected. They also
treated religions differently, which may have affected those who were that religion at the time. They innovated and "...built the greatest system of
roads, bridges , and seaports the world had ever seen up to renaissance times." Rome also did a lot of trading with countries and regions such as
spain, middle east, north africa, and france. "The romans imported a whole variety of materials: beef, corn, glassware, iron, lead, leather, marble, olive
oil, perfumes, purple dye, silk, silver, spices, timber, tin and

Similarities Between Rome And Carthage
Carthage vs. Rome
Introduction
One constant that can be seen throughout history is the urge for more power and wealth. This often leads conflicts among nations. Supremacy of one
nation over others, as well as a whole slew of other issues evolve and morph with each time period. Some examples of this are Athens and Macedonia,
the United Kingdom and other countries during the imperialist era. The situation between Rome and Cartage is no different. Despite the individual
reasons of Rome and Carthage, there are two underlying causes of conflict, control of trade and expansion. During the time of Rome's rise, Carthage
was the adversary that was the closest to Rome's equal.
Rise of Carthage Cartage's emergence and rise to power was extremely slower than its fall and destruction. Carthage, originally being a Phoenician
colony, inherited most of its advantages and surfaced as the capital of commerce within the Mediterranean, especially after the fall of Tyre (Mulligan,
2014). With this Carthage dominated the Mediterranean Sea and by extension trade. Carthage's rise was aided by wealthy Phoenician refugees, who
fled there from Alexander the Great. After arrival, these new settlers of Carthage set out to drive the native ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There were several factors that brought the relations of between these two powers to a head. One factor that can be attributed to the conflict was
Carthage's want to expand their empire into Sicily and eventually into Italy (Mulligan, 2014). Mulligan (2014) sees this as spiking "Rome's traditional
fear of powerful neighbors." This might have been an added circumstance that propelled Rome to the defense of smaller states throughout its reason.
Mulligan (2014) continues that Rome allying with its Carthage's enemies as well as its own expansion and meddling also perpetuated altercations
between

The Silk Road Essay
The Silk Road was an intricate and evolving network of overland trade routes that linked China, India, and western Eurasia for centuries. The trade
route was key to the diffusion and transportation of technology, goods, religions, and language throughout Asia, the Mediterranean, Africa and southern
Europe. As the strongest link between major population centers in the largest landmass on earth, the Silk Road was one of the most important of all
long–distance trade routes in human history.
Study of the Silk Road has made it obvious that Eurasian history was more than isolated histories of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Europe, India, Southeast
Asia, and China. In reality, for several thousand years, the Silk Road ensured that these regions were never ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But it was difficult for them to grow and store crops, so most traded with farming communities at the edge of their grazing lands. The pastoralists
would exchange livestock products for agricultural produce and manufactured goods. This way, pastoralists gradually created far–reaching systems of
trade that from Siberia to India and from China to the Mediterranean. With the spread of pastoralism, Inner Eurasia now had channels of
communication across Eurasia.
Early evidence of trade along the Silk Roads comes from the so–called Oxus civilization, a group of fortified farming and trading cities built about 4,000
years ago on the borders between modern Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Archaeologists have found Chinese silks and goods from India
and Mesopotamia, and pottery and ornaments from Inner Eurasia. The archaeological evidence leans toward the idea of cooperation between urban
merchants and pastoralists. Over time, sophisticated systems of trade emerged that was organized in caravans sometimes with hundreds of individuals,
often financed by urban merchants, and supplied with manufactured goods and the region's specialties. At least by the first millennium BCE, caravans
could stop at special rest stops known as caravansaries founded by local rulers or merchants. Caravansaries offered bunks, repair workshops, food, and
information

The Geography Of Chicken Soup
The focus of this assignment is on the geography of chicken soup. For purposes of this particular assignment, the "claimed" country of origin in
Cuba. The reason the term "claimed" is used is due to the fact that this particular dish may be believed to have originated in many other countries as
well. As such, the recipe, and more specifically the ingredients used, will most likely differ based upon the country and region that it is originated
from. With regard to the Cuban version of chicken soup, the same is comprised of thirteen (13) ingredients, to wit: olive (oil); onion (red and green);
cilantro; cumin (ground); wheat (flour); chicken (stock and thigh); cassava; calabash; potato (red); plantain; lemon (juice); salt; and, pepper.
Notwithstanding the fact that these ingredients are customarily used to make the Cuban version of chicken soup, these same ingredients were not all
domesticated in the region that Cuba is located in. For example, Cuba is located in the Caribbean region. Out of the thirteen (13) ingredients
mentioned, only one ingredient is native to said region – calabash. Furthermore, as the case with other Caribbean countries, calabash is said to be
"native and common in the wild in Cuba, Puerto Rico, [and] the Dominican Republic...." (Morton, 1987, p. 334–335). As such, statistically, only 7.7%
of the total ingredients used in this recipe of chicken soup is native to the country of origin (i.e. Cuba). Further, 23.1% of the total ingredients was

Shabbat's Influence On Judaism
Jerusalem has many customs like Shabbats on Saturday. Shabbat is a day of rest for the Jerusalemites .Most days are very violent, Kids are sent to
do their military duties. Mostly every day jerusalem is heavily guarded by the border police.There's a lot of tourism day by day. Even though the
location is beautiful people are feared for their lives all the time.Jerusalem, a Middle Eastern city west of the Dead Sea, has been a place of pilgrimage
and worship for Jews, Christians and Muslims since the biblical era. Its Old City has significant religious sites around the Temple Mount compound,
including the Western Wall sacred toJudaism, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre a Christian pilgrimage site and the Dome of the Rock a 7th–century
Islamic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, the Jewish periods of the city's history are important to Israeli nationalists, whose discourse states that modern Jews descend from the
Israelites and Maccabees while the Islamic periods of the city's history are important to Palestinian nationalists, whose discourse suggests that modern
Palestinians descend from all the different peoples who have lived in the region. As a result, both sides claim the history of the city has been
politicized by the other in order to strengthen their relative claims to the city, and that this is borne out by the different focuses the different writers
place on the various events and eras in the city's history.Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine,
particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Levantine, Middle Eastern and
Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabaha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in

Turkey Culture Essay
The culture of my country, Turkey, combines an extremely diverse, as well as, a heterogeneous set of elements that have been derived from the various
cultures of the Caucasian, Central Asian, Eastern European and Eastern Mediterranean (West Asian) traditions. The majority of these traditions were
originally brought together by the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire is a multi–ethnic and a multi–religious state. During the early years of the
republic, the government invested a really large amount of resources into fine arts such as architecture, paintings and sculpture. This was done as both a
process of modernization and of creating a cultural identity. Due to the different historical factors defining the Turkish identity, the culture of Turkey
combines clear efforts of modernization and Westernization undertaken in varying degrees since the 1800's, with a simultaneous desire to maintain
traditional religion, as well as, historical values. Turkish cuisine inherited its Ottoman heritage which could also be described as a fusion and
refinement of Armenian, Greek, Persian and Turkic cuisines. Turkish cuisine also influenced these cuisines and other neighboring cuisines, as well as,
Western European cuisines. Ottomans fused various culinary traditions of their realm with influences from Middle Eastern cuisines, along with
traditional Turkic elements from Central Asia such as yogurt. The Ottoman Empire created a vast variety of technical specialties. It can be observed that

Trade In Alexandria
Mark Dahlman
McCarthy, Brendan
History 2213
26 October 2014
Paper Three
Trade in Alexandria: A Story Told on the Water
Serving as the capitol for the Ptolemaic dynasty, Alexandria was and is still located on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. It's positioning came from
Greek inspiration, built as a central location of commerce, maritime trade, and international business. Some of the goods shipped in and out of the port
included textiles, cosmetics and ointments, gems, papyrus, Egyptian glass, grains, and spices. As one of the main trading hubs in the Ancient
Mediterranean world, Alexandria had a very diverse populace which consisted of Egyptians, Syrians, Romans and Greeks. As I pointed out in my first
paper, Alexandria became home to many... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As I stated in my first paper "The regular flooding lets agriculture along the Nile thrive." With this Egypt soon became the main source of grain for
Rome with enormous ships regularly criss–crossing the Mediterranean. To help keep up with the demand and increase profits Ptolemy implemented
back home knowledge to his newly acquired territory. This is shown when Saad in Alexandria: The Site & the History, states:
"When the Ptolemies had taken over the running of Egypt agriculture had been steadily declining. Their application of Greek knowledge and science
implied relatively sophisticated agricultural methodology and as a consequence an increase in crops and harvests"(122)
Agricultural production was also dependent on the water distribution and irrigation. To help maximize crop production, men were required to spend a
set amount of time cleaning the irrigation systems of silt. Egypt continued to be the granary of Rome for many centuries. This is proven by the text in
Maritime Archaeology and Ancient Trade in the Mediterranean by Damian Robinson, saying: "Emperor Augustus put the army to work on clearing the
silted irrigation systems of Egypt as soon as he took control of the country in

Ap World History Unit 2 Study Guide
Key concept 2.1: The Development and Codification of Religious and Cultural Traditions:
As the classical period emerged, religion as well as other cultural influences had been some of the main aspects of much of how history was shaped
during this time period. Many religions had sprung up during this time period such as Judaism, which was a monotheistic religion and had developed
with the codification of the Hebrew scriptures. This religion reflected the cultures of different regions such as Mesopotamia. The Jewish states were
conquered by the Babylonians, Assyrians, and the Romans during this time period as well. Another religion important to this time period is the Vedic
religion Hinduism, which had originated in India. This religion was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This forced them to compete for any available resources that they needed and it had also caused conflicts between neighboring peoples and themselves.
Military advancements were a result of these expansions and they also faced a need to govern the peoples around them. There were many difficulties
that could not be managed because of these expansions such as economic, social, and environmental problems. The states and empires that expanded
during this time period include the Persian Empires in Southwest Asia, The Qin and Han Empires in East Asia, The Mauryan and Gupta Empires in
South Asia, parts of the Mediterranean region, empires in Mesoamerica, and the states and empires in Andean South America. In order to organize their
subjects, the rulers of these states and empires created administrative institutions. These involved centralized governments and elaborate legal systems
and bureaucracies. Military techniques over larger areas included diplomacy, or the skill of managing international relations, developing supply lines,
and building fortifications, or defensive walls, and roads. The successes of many of these empires were dependent on their ability to trade and their
economic integrations. Many cities, such as Athens in Greece, Constantine in present – day Turkey, and Rome in present– day Italy, served as a
number of things that included trade, religious rituals, and political matters. Many of these empires heavily relied on slaves, peasant communities, and
Family and household productions to keep the production of food going and to provide rewards for the loyalty of the people – mainly the elites. One
of the main things that these empires had in common was their Patriarchal society, where the father or eldest son was the head of the family. This
greatly affected the gender roles in these empires and had caused for women to have less rights than the men. Many of

Analysis Of The Poem ' Food History '
Daniel PreiatoIntro to Food History
Prof. Berg & OlsenFall 2014 History of Olive Oil and its Prevalence In Spain
As the ALSA bus rounded each curve, I looked out to the olive trees that spread as far as the eye could see, their straggly branches performing an
ancient charade. Their geometric arrangement upon the hilly plots of arid land was picturesque. It was summer in AndalucГa, Southern Spain, and the
hot Spanish sun beat down vaporizing any bit of moisture left by the morning dew. As the bus pulled over at a rest stop I was able to get a closer look
at the olive trees. The slight scent of ripening olives filled the dense air. As I entered the small rest stop I saw several jars of various... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Those living on the shores of the Mediterranean have successfully included olive oil in their societies' up until this day. Throughout its birth and
maturation, many new ways of processing olives have been invented to make yielding its precious oil more efficient. In the first section of my
paper I will discuss the history of olive oil; where, by who and when it was discovered; what impact it has had on various societies and what is its
significance among different religions and mythologies. I will also go into detail on the vast health benefits of olive oil. I will be highlighting the
role of olive oil in Spain, one of the top producers as well as consumers of the oil today.
History of Olive Oil
The olive tree, one of the oldest known cultivated trees in the world, has been a part of Mediterranean civilization since before recorded history
[Zamora et al., 2001 (1)]. The edible olive seems to have coexisted with humans for approximately 5000 to 6000 years, going back to the early Bronze
Age (3150 to 1200 BCE). Based on written stone tablets, olive pits, and wood fragments have been found in ancient tombs, its dispersion has been
tracked throughout the civilizations that developed in the Mediterranean region in the areas now known as Southern Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine,
and Israel. Some researchers have reported that the cultivated olive tree originated in Asia Minor, between present Syria, Lebanon, and Israel. Ancient
documents in Syria

Monte D Azur: Country Analysis
If I were fortunate enough to receive the scholarship that the "From a Different Perspective" organization, it would be an opportunity of a lifetime if I
were able to embark France. If I were given this special opportunity, I would choose to embark Provence – Alpes – CГґte d'Azur, a region in
Southeastern France and formerly known as Provence. When I am visiting Provence, I will be staying in Marseille, which is the capital of Provence –
Alpes – CГґte d'Azur. This city is located on the South coast of France, beside the Mediterranean Sea. I am choosing to stay here because of the
cultural diversity that surrounds the coastline. I am very interested in being close to the water and the Mediterranean Sea has a very beautiful view.
Marseille is the second largest city ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When visiting Normandy, I would be staying in Bayeux, which is a commune that is close to the English Channel. I am choosing to stay in Bayeux
due to the Bayeux War Cemetery. I am a big fan of World War II and I believe that the soldiers of both sides deserve respect for fighting to defend
their country. Bayeax was the first city to be liberation after D–Day. Another reason why I am staying in Bayeax is because it is also the home of the
Bayeux Tapestry, a 75–yard tapestry illustrating "William the Conqueror's conquest of England and his victory at the Battle of Hastings" (http:/
/traveltips.usatoday.com/list–cities–normandy–france–22559.html). It illustrates how William, Duke of Normandy, claimed his throne as the King of
England from Harold, King Edward's brother in law. Historical facts, such as this, are something that I do enjoy learning about. Another reason why I
have chosen to stay in Bayeux is because this city is not very well known, except for the Bayeux Way Cemetery. The main reason why I have chosen
Bayeux is because this city has a lot of history that I would enjoy exploring and

Research Paper On Minerve
Situated on the southern part of the Natural Park of Haute–Languedoc, at the foot–hills of Montainge Noire and only 1 hour drive from the
Mediterranean sea, the little village of Minerve, population 122, is in the same time the historic capital of the Minervois region, an outstanding historic
AND geologic site and a member of the "Most beautiful villages of France" – "Les Plus Beaux Villages de France" – community. Built on a rocky
bluff, Minerve, or Menerba in the local Occitan language, overlooks from an altitude of more than 60 meters (200 feet) the gorges of the Rivers Cesse
and Brian. The Minerve village region – "le Minervois" – was inhabited since the prehistoric times. The region, together with the whole territory that is
the present... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is here that on July 22, 1210, 180 Cathars who did not renounce their faith were burned alive, after Minerve fell to the crusaders' army at the end
of a siege that lasted 7 weeks. The siege ended when, in the middle of the summer with both Rivers Brian and Cesse dry, the crusaders, led by the
notorious Simon de Monfort, destroyed the village's only water source, Saint Rustic well, whose remains can be still seen today. Minerve, the
village hovering above two canyons and surrounded by strong defensive walls, was a not to be ignored place during medieval or late medieval
warfare and so it participated also in the religious wars of the 16th century when it was a hiding place for Huguenots who were defeated here by
the armies of the Marshall Anne de Montmorency. Besides being a high historic site, Minerve, or more precisely the natural caves called "ponts"
formed in the Cesse River canyon walls, where the river actually disappears when in low flow, make an exceptional geological site. "Le Minervois"
region, a patchwork of vineyards, olive orchards, and cypres and Mediterranean pine trees groves, has been well–known since antiquity – it was the
Romans the first to grow here vitis vinifera –for its, mostly red,

The Phoenicians Research Paper
The Phoenicians: The Master Traders of the Mediterranean World The Mediterranean Sea is home to many great civilizations in our early history. The
Ancient Greeks and Romans established their empires in this region and their cultural contributions have greatly influenced the development of modern
Western culture. Unlike the Ancient Greek and Roman civilizations, there is one Mediterranean civilization that did not have a land centric empire.
The Phoenicians are the first civilization to create a long distance sea trading network in the ancient Mediterranean world. This trading network is
significant in ancient Mediterranean history because archaeological remains discovered in different areas of the Mediterranean. These archeological
remains... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the Phoenician Maritime Religion: Sailors, Goddess Worship, and the Grotta Regina article, the Phoenicians constructed their ships or
galleys differently from each other because, a trader will want his ship to have certain attributes necessary for his trading voyage. These attributes
include the overall size of the ship, the amount of cargo and the durability of the ship while using different trade routes during its voyage (Christian
2013:181). One example, which features an archaeological analysis of an ancient Phoenician galley is in the Iron Age Shipwrecks in Deep Water off
Ashkelon, Israel article. This article features a discovery of a sunken Phoenician galley called the Tanit located near modern day Israel in 1997.
Archaeologists working on this project dated the Tanit around 750 BCE which was around the time the Phoenician trading network expanded
throughout the different regions of the Mediterranean. The archaeologists have also discovered several artifacts within the galley and these artifacts are
well persevered because they were left undisturbed for thousands of years at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. These artifacts include bronze bowls,
incense stands, cooking pots and pottery in a shape of a large U–shaped container called an

Trade Between Africa and Eurasia Changed During the Era of...
Although key elements of the trade between Africa and Eurasia changed during the era of 300–1450, a few factors stayed the same. In 300 C.E., trade
routes were primarily between Europe and North Africa. The way that they changed by the time of 1450 was that they expanded southward and
westward. By 1450, these trade routes went through West Africa, sub–Saharan Africa, and the Indian Ocean. One factor that stayed the same during
this time period was that the northern coast of Africa was always involved in the trade between Africa and the rest of Eurasia.
At the start of this period in 300 C.E, Afro–Eurasian trade was not very sophisticated. There was some collaboration with cultures in the Mediterranean.
European goods were brought to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This continued from the 800s to the 1300s. At this point of the time period, the Mongols had expanded throughout Eurasia. However, the only parts of
the trade that were affected were the northern parts between Europe and Asia, because the Mongols concentrated on mostly China, Russia, and some
parts of Eastern Europe. By the 1450s, the gold–salt trade started to decline, and soon, the center of trade started to shift away from the Indian Ocean
and the Mediterranean. This was because the age of exploration started in Europe, and trade concentrated more towards the Atlantic Ocean.
Even though these aspects describe the ways that change occurred with trade between Afro–Eurasia, one important part did stay the same. North Africa
was consistent and always a key part of trade between the continents of Europe, Africa, and Asia. In 300, North Africa was the only area that traded
with the Mediterranean. In the time of the gold–salt trade, European venders and Islamic merchants arrived in North Africa. North African merchants
still traded even when Europeans started to shift the balance of trade to the Americas starting from the mid–1400s. This is how trade systems between
Africa and Europe stayed the same between the years 300–1450.
The changes that took place regarding trade between 300–1450 impact other parts of history. One effect of the occurrence of trade in this region was the

Noble Energy
April 29, 2013 Noble Energy Announces Organizational And Executive Leadership Changes In Support Of Multi–Year Growth Agenda HOUSTON,
April 29, 2013 /PRNewswire/ –– Noble Energy, Inc. (NYSE: NBL) today announced that it has enhanced its organizational structure to support the
material growth it is anticipating over the next several years, as well as to continue the development of its senior leadership team. The new
organizational structure has been designed to better align business units with common activities by taking advantage of natural synergies and to better
balance responsibilities to facilitate growth. The new structure includes three major operating regions: U.S. Onshore; Eastern Mediterranean; and U.S.
Gulf of Mexico (GOM),... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Noble Energy is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is traded under the ticker symbol NBL. Further information is available at
www.nobleenergyinc.com. This news release contains certain "forward–looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act
of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Words such as "anticipated," "intends," "indicates," "suggests," "possibility,"
"believes," "expects," "intends," "will," "should," "may," and similar expressions may be used to identify forwardlooking statements. Forward–looking
statements are not statements of historical fact and reflect Noble Energy's current views about future events. They include planned development
activities, business strategy and other plans and objectives for future operations. No assurances can be given that the forward–looking statements
contained in this news release will occur as projected and actual results may differ materially from those projected. Forward–looking statements are
based on current expectations, estimates and assumptions that involve a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ
materially from those projected. These risks include, without limitation, government approvals, changes in governmental policies and regulations, other
political developments, the volatility in commodity prices for crude oil and, in particular, natural gas, exploration and development risks, drilling and
operating risks, the

Trade in the Iron Age Essay
Distinguishing between the many diverse archaeological periods is typically done in two ways. The first way to differentiate between two periods is
to notice if there is a clear boundary or separation among the archaeological remains. The second way is by looking at the periods from a historical
standpoint, and noting any major historical event that led to a significant social and/or political change. Though there are other ways to do this, these
are the two most common and useful methods. Both of these techniques make it possible to recognize the differences in archaeological time periods.
In Palestine, the transition from the Late Bronze to the Iron I period is marked by a noticeable "widespread destruction of the Canaanite city–states ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Iron Age was heavily influenced by the cultures of Egypt, which was seen through the pottery and building styles found during that time. Egyptian
culture and Canaanite culture played a large role in the creation of pottery and architecture, as well as the formation of cities, during the Iron Age and
beyond.
The area now known as the Levant is a region consisting of Canaan, Transjordan, and Syria–Lebanon. International routes connecting Mesopotamia,
Egypt, Asia Minor, and the Aegean ran straight through this area. As a result of the ideal geographic location, the Levant served as a crossroads for
trade and exchange throughout a great deal of antiquity. This area was repeatedly under the control of hostile dictators, and it played host to foreign
merchants as well as "giving birth to native traders who journeyed to far–flung destination and returned with exotic goods" (Cline 360). Although
international exchanges of everyday and exotic materials had been going on for hundreds of years before the reign of King Solomon, the most well
known period of trade and exchange is the period during the time of his reign. These international exchanges continued for more than a millennium
after his reign as well (Cline 360).
Really significant international relations between the Levant and the outside world began in the second millennium BCE. Some epigraphic and textual
documentation exists that complements the material goods and evidence from this period.

Spanish Cuisine
Spanish Cuisine
The earliest settlers of Spain include the Iberians, the Celts, and the Basques groups. Then the Phoenicians came, who were later followed by the
Greeks, who ruled Spain until they were defeated by the Romans. The last of the settlers to arrive were armies of Arabs and Berbers, whom were
called Moors. Fascinated with water, they developed irrigation systems and planted citrus and almond trees in eastern and southern Spain.
The Phoenicians arrived from the Mediterranean and brought their sauces to Spain. The Greeks gave the Spanish cuisine olives and olive oil though.
Other cultures that have contributed to the Spanish cuisine are the Jews and the Carthaginians. At one point in time, Christians, Jews and Moors lived ...
The Arabs introduced rice to Valencia. Short–grain rice, such as Arborio and paella rice, were mass produced. The knowledge of irrigation developed
by the Moors was the success to mass producing rice.
Paella is one of Spain's most recognized dishes. The ingredients and methods of how paella is made is a prime culinary example of Spain's history and
its people. Paella takes its name from the utensil in which it is cooked and from the Spanish region on the shores of the Mediterranean where the union
and heritage of two important cultures, the Roman which gave them the utensil and the Arab who contributed rice and saffron.
Andalusia is located in southern Spain. This region is where tapas originated. Andalusia is also the world's largest producer of olive oil, which has
influenced the flavor of this region. Green olives are picked and are used in dishes such as tapas and black olives are used for making oil. Another
important dish that originated from Andalusia is gazpacho. It was originally recognized as peasant food, which consisted of bread, olive oil and
crushed garlic. Throughout the years, the ingredients to gazpacho evolved with the addition of tomatoes.
Spain is famous for its huge dried mountain hams, jamon serrano, eaten raw, made from the lean meat of the wild Red Iberian pig. The consumption of
ham is a contribution by the

Cultural Differences Between Ancient Greece And Italy
The Mediterranean Region includes twenty–one countries spread between three continents. The countries I chose are Greece and Italy. Both Greece and
Italy have unique cultures. These countries are known for their religion, art, language, and food. Although these cultural aspects are important to both
countries, food plays the most predominant role because food in both Greece and Italy, brings family gatherings. Italy is known for having wine,
cheese, and pasta while Greece is famous for their herbs and spices. One of the most important foods that Greece and Italy have in common is olives
and olive oil. The history of olives and olive oil in Greece and Italy shows the importance of Greek and Roman history through its origin, role in trade,
its ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During ancient times, olives were crushed by foot, with a stone roller, or even in mechanical presses. The Romans, however, while continuing to
use traditional methods, were able to advance the process of olive oil production by making stone mills with animals. They also advanced the
traditional beam press into a screw press. Both advancements made olive oil production faster, more efficient, and more for popular demand. The
book "Cookery and Dining in Imperial Rome," written by Marcus Apicius, a wealthy Roman merchant and epicure who was famous for his
cookbooks, states "to keep olives fresh from the tree, in a manner enabling you to make oil from them any time you desire just place them in brine if
you desire to make oil of them." This primary source helps understand the history of the culture because it helps us realize the process that the
Romans had went through to get certain sources they used in their daily lives. Finally, olive oil is made in an even simpler process today, through a
hydraulic press. However, the process is still time and labor

Differences Between Italy And England
Although Italy and England are definitely two different countries, they share some similarities such as some geographical aspect, culture and customs.
However, despite the differences between the two countries, both of them has its own unique history which changed how they look today. Both part of
the EU, Italy and England are an example of how culture evolves and changes the shape of a country under every aspect. In fact, both England and
Italy have been influenced by each other in the last 30 years.
Geography
Despite some similarities, geography is very different in the two countries. Both are bathed by the seas since England is part of an island while Italy is
a peninsula connected to Europe through the Alps in the north of the country. Italy is located in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea and it is the 4th
most populous state in the EU due to its 61 million inhabitants. On the other hand, England shares it borders with Wales and Scotland and covers more
than a half of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Sea.
Due to the stretched shape and the great longitudinal extension, the Italian climate is highly diverse though out the whole territory. Regions on the
coasts and most of the southern regions generally fits the Mediterranean climate stereotype unlike the inner and northern regions. Italy is extremely rich
in biodiversity and has the one of the highest number and density of both animal and plant species within the European Union (Pignatti 2000).

Italy Research Paper
Italy is one of the world's most amazing countries, its full of sites, activities, so many things that you could never be bored. Italy is located in southern
Europe, it surrounds two if the world's smallest countries. Italy's culture is amazing and unique, it has many unique qualities and features in its culture.
Italy has many regions along with it, just for one country. It has twenty regions. Italy also has many more amazing facts and sites about its country and
the people. Italy has an amazing beautiful culture full of amazing history and traditions. Italy has one official language and its Italian. Italian is
originally called Italiana and the language has been around since the 900's. Italy's religion is called Roman Cathoclism. The ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Each region has its own qualities and tradition and ways. Italy has an industrial economy. Italy's economy is supported by enterprise. Each region
has its very own history as well. Italy is located by the Mediterranean sea so the climate is warm and is usually 90 degrees. Italy's government is
democracy and republic. In some regions people speak different languages mainly French, German, and Ladin. Italy's money is called a euro a
beautiful piece of paper. Italy has many amazing facts, traits, historical events, and more. Italy has a population of 61.3 million people. People from all
over the world comes the visit Italiy's beautiful cities and tourist sites. The capital of Italy is Rome. Rome is full of amazing history and historical sites.
Like its language name Italy isn't the original name the country. Italy comes from the name Italia. In conclusion, Italy is an amazing beautiful with
amazing cities and tourist sites. People come from all over the world to explore the beautiful country and its history. Italy has relatable climate to
Louisiana, we have some parts that get cold but usually extremely hot and humid because we're surrounded by water. Italy also has the beautiful city
of Venice that attracts so much tourism. Italy is an amazing country with a lot of culture, many regions, and history. Many people go there and there'd
people that would love to go there such as my

How Did The Rise Of Islam Influence Western Europe
The rise of Islam brought many important changes to Europe, both physically and culturally. Through the many conquests of Muhammad and his
successors, Muslim dominion, by the middle of the eighth century, included all of the southern and eastern Mediterranean, as well as Spain. Spain
would serve as a point of invasion for Islamic forces into WesternEurope and it would continue to serve as an Islamic state up until 1492 when its last
territory (Granada) fell to Christian forces. Muslim control of the regions south and east of the Mediterranean led to their domination of the
Mediterranean sea and all the European trade that went on there. All of this contributed to a deep mistrust of Islam from Europeans, which would make
way for the persecutions

Ottoman Empire Research Paper
One of the most important events of the history was European expansion into the new world. Traditional Feudal societies collapsed under the weight of
demographic and political changes during Eurasia experienced Mongol expansion and Black death. There was sociopolitical and religious conflict
between states and reconsideration of traditional knowledge and institution. The social and intellectual revolutions in Europe can be considered
provocative and subversive. Revolutions in the European society encouraged each other incrementally rather than remaining isolated and produced
systematic and lasting changes in the European society. The Ottoman Empire, the Safavid Kingdom, and the Mughal Empire, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires set new standards for trade, communication, and even religion, while the Qing dynasty in China brought
with it prosperity and resentment. Under Ottoman rulers, the empire reached heights of expansion reminiscent of Rome while also capitalizing on their
lands' geographical advantages to trade and produce goods. The Safavid Empire began with a religious revolution but suffered from economic
disadvantages and political instability. The Mughal Empire eventually conquered the Indian subcontinent and advanced causes of international
communication, religious tolerance, and innovations with Sikhism. Finally, although the Manchu rulers of the Qing dynasty brought many positive
changes to China, their lack of loyalty from the people and policies of isolation ultimately damaged the long–term success of their rule. This period is
marked with great changes, revolutions, and declines, all of which would have significant ramifications in the century to

Compare And Contrast Hannibal And The Defeat At Zama
* Hannibal and the defeat at Zama helped build up Rome's reputation as the great power in the Mediterranean. * "...after Hannibal's defeat, as Rome
stepped out into a much larger stage than ever before in the Mediterranean world." Contest Triumphs by Pittenger p.166 * it established the uncontested
hegemony of Rome over the western region of the Mediterranean...it led the Roman people across the threshold of a united Italy to the high–road of
world dominion. (145, A Military History of the Western World) * "Livy, when about to describe the battle of Zama, writes that, 'before nightfall they
would know whether Rome or Carthage should give laws to the nations...but the whole world would be the reward of victory.'" (A Military History of...
* "Scipio thought differently...he was advised to take some 'rest and ease'. He answered that, instead, he was 'more than ever revolving in his mind
how to being the war with Carthage.' (A Military History of the Western World * Polybius Book III "...cast the Romans into great fear for their safety
and even for their native soil." * "Yet there was universal panic in Rome..." (Hannibal's Roman Campaign of 211BC) * For though the Romans were
now incontestably beaten and their military reputation shattered, yet by the peculiar virtues of their constitution and by wise counsel they not only
recovered their supremacy in Italy and afterwards defeated the Carthaginians, but in a few years made themselves masters of the whole world.
(Polybius Book III)
* The defeat of Carthage and subsequent treaty made Rome incredibly prosperous. * "[Carthage was to give over] The handing over of all ships of war
and all elephants." (A Military History of the Western World, Page 144) * "[Carthage's] The payment of 10,000 talents of silver spread over fifty
years." (A Military History of the Western World. page

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