The Effect of Social Media on Children and Adolescents Abstract One of the most common activities undertaken by children and adolescents is the use of the social media. This paper examines the social media’s positive and negative effects on children and adolescents. It is an undisputable fact that young people interact with each other through the social media, and it therefore improves children’s interactions with friends and family members, as they are able to maintain communications with them even though they may not see each other face to face (Patrut & Patrut, 150). The social media also enables them to have a wider perspective on issues, as they are able to view other people’s perspectives on certain issues. As a result, the children and adolescents are able to express their opinions, and exchange ideas, something that enhances their self-expression. Nevertheless, the social media also has negative influences on the young minds, some which go on to affect them even in their adult lives. For instance, (Margalit, 188) discusses that the social media exposes young people to harmful content that might be obscene or inappropriate in nature. Additionally, the social media may occupy too much of a child’s time, making them lose interest in other social activities. This could lead to a deterioration of their mental and physical health in case of addiction to the social media. The implications of these findings suggest that the social media contains positive attributes, but caution should be taken when children to prevent negative influences on children. Works Cited Margalit, Malka. Lonely children and adolescents: Self-perceptions, social exclusion, and hope. Springer Science & Business Media, 2010. Patrut, Monica, and Bogdan Patrut, eds. Social media in higher education: Teaching in Web 2.0. IGI Global, 2013. 1. The demand for a product is the amount that a. buyers purchase in the market b. buyers are willing to purchase at a given price c. sellers are willing to sell at a particular price d. buyers are willing and able to purchase at alternative prices e. buyers are able to purchase at a specific price 2. The law of demand says that the lower the price of a good, other things constant, a. the smaller the demand for that good b. the larger the demand for that good c. the smaller the quantity demanded of that good d. the larger the quantity demanded of that good e. the smaller the real income of consumers and the lower the quantity demanded of that good 3. The law of demand assumes that as the price of a good increases, a. people recognize that its price may be even higher in the future, so they buy now rather than later b. consumers tend to shift their purchases to relatively cheaper substitutes c. people will buy less of it in the hope that the good will be cheaper in the future d. the consumer’s money income increases, and he or she is less able to buy all goods, including the good who ...

1. The Effect of Social Media on Children and Adolescents
Abstract
One of the most common activities undertaken by children and
adolescents is the use of the social media. This paper examines
the social media’s positive and negative effects on children and
adolescents. It is an undisputable fact that young people interact
with each other through the social media, and it therefore
improves children’s interactions with friends and family
members, as they are able to maintain communications with
them even though they may not see each other face to face
(Patrut & Patrut, 150). The social media also enables them to
have a wider perspective on issues, as they are able to view
other people’s perspectives on certain issues. As a result, the
children and adolescents are able to express their opinions, and
exchange ideas, something that enhances their self-expression.
Nevertheless, the social media also has negative influences on
the young minds, some which go on to affect them even in their
adult lives. For instance, (Margalit, 188) discusses that the
social media exposes young people to harmful content that
might be obscene or inappropriate in nature. Additionally, the
social media may occupy too much of a child’s time, making
them lose interest in other social activities. This could lead to a
deterioration of their mental and physical health in case of
addiction to the social media. The implications of these findings
suggest that the social media contains positive attributes, but
caution should be taken when children to prevent negative
influences on children.
Works Cited
Margalit, Malka. Lonely children and adolescents: Self-
perceptions, social exclusion, and hope. Springer Science &
Business Media, 2010.
Patrut, Monica, and Bogdan Patrut, eds. Social media in higher

2. education: Teaching in Web 2.0. IGI Global, 2013.
1. The demand for a product is the amount that
a. buyers purchase in the market
b. buyers are willing to purchase at a given price
c. sellers are willing to sell at a particular price
d. buyers are willing and able to purchase at alternative prices
e. buyers are able to purchase at a specific price
2. The law of demand says that the lower the price of a good,
other things constant,
a. the smaller the demand for that good
b. the larger the demand for that good
c. the smaller the quantity demanded of that good
d. the larger the quantity demanded of that good
e. the smaller the real income of consumers and the lower the
quantity demanded of that good
3. The law of demand assumes that as the price of a good
increases,
a. people recognize that its price may be even higher in the

3. future, so they buy now rather than later
b. consumers tend to shift their purchases to relatively cheaper
substitutes
c. people will buy less of it in the hope that the good will be
cheaper in the future
d. the consumer’s money income increases, and he or she is less
able to buy all goods, including the
good whose price has increased
e. the consumer’s money income decreases, and if the product is
a normal good, more will be purchased
4. In what way is consumer demand different from consumer
wants?
a. Demand is only for necessities.
b. Demand is only for luxuries.
c. Demand takes into account the ability to pay.
d. Consumer wants are only for luxuries.
e. Consumer wants are only for necessities.
5. Movements along a demand curve are called changes in

4. a. demand
b. opportunity costs
c. quantity demanded
d. the substitution effect
e. preferences
6. Suppose you drink more tea because the price of coffee has
increased. Which of the following best
explains your action?
a. the law of supply
b. tea and coffee are complements
c. the substitution effect
d. the income effect
e. your nominal income has increased
7. The law of demand is illustrated by a demand curve that is
a. Horizontal
b. Vertical

5. c. upward sloping
d. Constant
e. downward sloping
8. For which of the following would the income effect of a price
change be greatest?
a. ballpoint pens
b. air travel to Australia
c. chewing gum
d. Haircuts
e. college textbooks
9. The income effect of a decrease in the price of legal services
(a normal good) is a(n)
a. decrease in the demand for legal services
b. decrease in the quantity demanded of legal services
c. increase in the demand for legal services
d. increase in the quantity demanded of legal services
e. new demand curve because everything else is no longer
constant

6. 10. Which of the following statements about demand is true?
a. Since most college students want a Mercedes sports coupe,
their demand for it is high.
b. If price increases, the demand curve shifts to the right.
c. The demand curve for bacon will not shift when the price of
bacon changes.
d. If a supply curve shifts, thereby changing the price, the
demand curve will shift as well.
e. If a demand curve shifts, the supply curve will shift as well,
whether or not the price changes.
11 If we say that demand has increased, we mean that there has
been a.
a leftward movement along the demand curve
b. a rightward movement along the demand curve
c. a leftward shift of the demand curve
d. a rightward shift of the demand curve
e. an increase in the slope of the demand curve
12 A change in income will

7. a. affect the demand for candy through the income effect of a
price change
b. affect the quantity demanded of candy through the income
effect of a price change
c. shift the demand curve for candy
d. have no effect on the demand for candy, because income is
assumed constant along a demand curve
e. affect quantity demanded only if candy is a normal good
13. Which of the following is most likely to be an inferior
good?
a. airline travel
b. restaurant meals
c. a subscription to the Wall Street Journal
d. soft drinks
e. used clothing
14. If demand for personal computers increases as a result of an
increase in income,
a. personal computers must be a normal good

8. b. personal computers must be an inferior good
c. personal computers must be a complement
d. the substitutes for personal computers must be inferior goods
e. the substitution effect is larger than the income effect
15. The difference between normal and inferior goods is that
a. normal goods are of better quality than inferior goods
b. an increase in price will shift the demand curve for a normal
good rightward and the demand curve
for an inferior good leftward
c. if the price of a normal good increases, individuals who buy
it are poorer; for inferior goods, the
opposite is true
d. an inferior good is something that will not be demanded until
quantities of the normal good have
been exhausted
e. an increase in income will shift the demand curve for a
normal good rightward and the demand curve
for an inferior good leftward

9. 16. Which of the following is the best example of substitutes?
a. coffee and cream
b. videotapes and VCRs
c. money and biscuits
d. tortillas and salsa
e. hiking boots and athletic shoes
17. Two goods are considered substitutes only if a(n)
a. decrease in the demand for one leads to a decrease in the
supply of the other
b. increase in the demand for one leads to a decrease in the
supply of the other
c. increase in the price of one leads to an increase in the
demand for the other
d. decrease in the price of one leads to an increase in the
demand for the other
e. decrease in the supply of one leads producers to switch to
production of the other
18. Which of the following is the best example of complements?
a. milk and cheese
b. coffee and tea c. CDs and DVDs

10. d. hiking boots and athletic shoes
e. film and film processing (developing)
19. If the price of potato chips increases, other things constant,
demand for potato-chip dip will
a. not change; only quantity demanded will change
b. increase because the goods are substitutes
c. decrease because the goods are substitutes
d. decrease because the goods are complements
e. increase because the goods are complements
20. If a certain type of clothing becomes more fashionable, we
would expect that its price
a. will decrease and quantity will remain constant
b. and quantity will both decrease
c. will increase and quantity will decrease
d. will decrease and quantity will increase

11. e. and quantity will both increase
21. Which of the following best defines supply?
a. the amount of a good that producers want to sell at a
particular price
b. the amount of a good that consumers will buy
c. the amount of a good that producers are willing and able to
sell at each possible price, other things
constant
d. the amount of a good that producers are willing to sell at
each possible price, other things constant
e. the amount of a good that producers are willing and able to
buy at each possible price, other things
constant
22. Which of the following is true of an increase in quantity
supplied of a given good?
a. It is represented by a rightward shift in the supply curve.
b. It could result from a technological improvement.
c. The price of a key resource used to produce the good may
have decreased.

12. d. It is caused by an increase in the price of the good.
e. The price of an alternative good has increased.
23. The market supply curve of a particular product indicates
the total quantities
a. that are actually sold during a given time period
b. that buyers are willing to purchase at alternative prices
c. that sellers are willing and able to offer at alternative prices
d. that sellers are willing to offer for sale
e. of complements offered for sale
24. Larger quantities of any good will be supplied at higher
prices because
a. consumers will be more satisfied
b. higher prices attract resources from other uses
c. people are naturally lazy and have to be bribed to give up
their leisure
d. price and quantity supplied are inversely related
e. of the law of decreasing opportunity cost

13. 25. Supply and demand curves both
a. have negative slopes
b. have positive slopes
c. relate quantities to prices
d. reflect the actions of producers
e. reflect the actions of consumers
26. As the price of milk increases, producers are normally
willing to supply greater quantities. This is
known as the law of
a. Demand
b. Gravity
c. variable proportions
d. Profitability
e. Supply
27. Which of the following would shift the supply curve for a
product to the right?
a. an increase in the price of a resource used in the good's
production

14. b. the expectation of a higher price in the near future
c. an increase in the price of the product
d. an increase in the price of an alternative good
e. an improvement in the technology for producing the good
28. An improvement in technology would shift
a. the demand curve leftward
b. the demand curve rightward
c. the supply curve leftward
d. neither the supply nor the demand curve; instead, there is
movement along both of them
e. the supply curve rightward
29. Which of the following would shift the supply curve for a
good to the left?
a. an increase in the price of that good
b. a decrease in the price of an alternative good
c. an improvement in technology for producing that good

15. d. an increase in the cost of an important resource used to make
that good
e. an increase in the number of producers
30. An increase in the price of a good normally increases the
a. demand for its substitutes
b. supply of complements for the good
c. purchasing power of consumers’ dollar incomes
d. money income of the consumer
e. quantity demanded of all goods that are unrelated to the good
in question
31. Which of the following will not shift the market supply
curve for corn?
a. a change in the price of corn
b. a change in the price of soybeans
c. a change in the price of herbicides and pesticides
d. a change in storage technology
e. a change in the number of acres planted in corn

16. 32. Markets reduce transactions costs
a. by decreasing the time spent searching for information about
goods and services
b. only when they have a highly structured set of rules like the
New York Stock Exchange
c. because each market uses the same set of rules for buying and
selling goods and services
d. only when the government can coordinate the plans of many
buyers and sellers
e. when prices are set by the sellers and are not determined by
negotiation between the buyers and the
sellers
33. When quantity demanded of a good is less than the quantity
supplied at the prevailing market
price,
a. the market is in equilibrium
b. the price of the good tends to rise
c. the price of the good tends to fall
d. the demand curve shifts rightward until the surplus is
eliminated
e. the supply curve shifts leftward until the shortage is

17. eliminated
34. A surplus of shoes will cause
a. a decrease in the supply of shoes
b. a decrease in the demand for shoes
c. both a decrease in the supply of shoes and an increase in the
demand for shoes
d. a decrease in the price of shoes, through a shift of either the
supply curve or the demand curve
e. a decrease in the price of shoes
35. Suppliers recognize there is a shortage in the market for
their product when they notice that
a. the quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded
b. the quantity demanded is falling
c. inventories are falling
d. production exceeds new orders for the product
e. government economists announce a shortage exists
36. A shortage of textbooks will cause

18. a. a decrease in the supply of textbooks
b. a decrease in the demand for textbooks
c. both an increase in the supply of textbooks and a decrease in
the demand for textbooks
d. an increase in the price of textbooks, caused by a shift of
either the supply curve or the demand curve
e. an increase in the price of textbooks
37. An increase in demand will cause a(n)
a. increase in supply
b. decrease in supply
c. decrease in quantity supplied
d. increase in quantity supplied
e. decrease in equilibrium price
38. The problem of scarce resources
a. means that in some cities there are not enough jobs
b. could be solved if the unemployment rate fell

19. c. is that there are not enough resources to satisfy people's
unlimited wants
d. is that resources are used inefficiently
e. can be solved by lowering taxes
39. Scarcity is best defined as
a. unlimited resources
b. a shortage -- when buyers cannot obtain the goods they want
c. a surplus -- when sellers cannot sell the goods they produce
d. insufficient resources to satisfy unlimited wants
e. the private ownership of society's resources
40. Which of the following statements regarding the basic
economic problem of scarcity is correct?
a. The problem only exists in countries that are not highly
industrialized.
b. The problem is likely to disappear as production increases.
c. The problem is sure to disappear as technology improves.

20. d. The problem will exist as long as resources are available in
limited amounts.
e. The problem will disappear as a person's income falls.
41. Economics is the study of
a. how the human race differs from other species
b. how individuals amass personal fortunes in the stock market
c. how individuals and nations deal with the problem of
scarcity
d. role that money plays in the economy
e. how goods and services are distributed throughout the world
42 A resource is something that
a. is used to produce goods and services
b. is provided by nature, not made by society
c. exists in unlimited quantities
d. must be produced by a firm
e. consumes goods and services

21. 43. In economics, capital is defined as
a. natural resources, such as water, oil, and iron ore
b. the natural, unskilled abilities of people
c. human creations used in the production process
d. money and other financial assets
e. the willingness of business owners to take risks
44. Which of the following would an economist classify as
capital?
a. 100 shares of Microsoft stock
b. a $50 bill
c. a credit card
d. a lawyer's personal computer
e. a bauxite mine in Jamaica
45. Economists classify all of the following as capital, except
one. Which one is not capital?
a. a $20 bill in a firm's petty cash drawer
b. the building where our economics class meets
c. a plumber's wrench
d. a railroad car

22. e. a factory
46. The respective payments for the resources of natural
resources, labor, capital, and entrepreneurial
ability are
a. interest, wages, profit, and rent
b. profit, rent, interest, and wages
c. rent, wages, profit, and interest
d. interest, profit, wages, and rent
e. rent, wages, interest, and profit
47 An entrepreneur
a. always makes a profit
b. generally avoids risky situations
c. claims the residual (i.e., whatever is left over) after other
resource suppliers are compensated
d. is a parasite that benefits by not paying other resources for
their services

23. e. is the manager who runs an enterprise and keeps the
customers happy
48 If a business produces and sells only one unit of a good, its
profit would be the
a. price received for the good
b. price of the product minus the cost of the resources used to
produce the product
c. return paid to the firm's bank on its outstanding loans
d. price of the product minus the wages paid for the labor used
to produce it
e. wages paid for the labor used to produce the product minus
the price
49 Resources are divided into the following broad categories:
a. people, money, and machines
b. saving, spending, investment, and capital
c. human, technological, and government
d. natural resources, labor, capital, and entrepreneurial ability
e. free, scarce, abundant, and unlimited

24. 50 Natural resources" refers
a. bodies of water
b. trees
c. oil reserves
d. minerals
e. All of the answers are correct.
51 Goods and services are exchanged in
a. product markets
b. resource markets
c. inventory markets
d. classified markets
e. government markets
52. Which of the four types of decision makers in the U.S.
economy plays the largest role?
a. U.S. firms and government because they produce the

25. products that households consume
b. U.S. households because they supply goods to the product
markets and are demanders in resource
markets
c. foreign households, firms, and governments because they
greatly outnumber those of the United
States
d. U.S. firms and government because they create employment
for domestic households and produce
goods and services
e. U.S. households, as buyers in product markets and sellers in
resource markets
53. Households
a. own and sell resources
b. play a very minor role in the economy
c. supply goods and services
d. are the largest purchasers of resources
e. none of the above
54. The assumption that individuals act rationally implies that
a. people think only of themselves and disregard the well-being

26. of others
b. people undertake all those activities that yield benefits to
themselves
c. people only consider the costs of an activity to decide
whether it is worthwhile
d. the greater the cost of a charitable deed to a benefactor, the
more likely he or she is to perform that
deed
e. people implicitly calculate the costs and benefits of an
activity to decide if it is worthwhile
55. Rational economic decision makers will make a change only
if
a. the change is free of risk
b. there are no costs involved
c. their expectations are correct
d. there is no uncertainty about the results of the change
e. the expected marginal benefit exceeds expected marginal cost
56. In economics, the term "marginal" usually refers to
a. a small change in an economic variable
b. a low-quality product or resource

27. c. an unimportant and irrelevant economic variable
d. an all-or-nothing economic decision
e. a footnote or minor point
57. Economists believe that people respond in a predictable way
to changes in costs and benefits. The
term that best describes this phenomenon is
a. opportunity cost
b. Scarcity
c. Innovation
d. marginal analysis
e. other things equal (or ceteris paribus)
58 A rational decision maker will take only those actions for
which the expected marginal benefit
a. is positive
b. is at its maximum level
c. is greater than or equal to the expected marginal cost

28. d. is less than the expected marginal cost
e. exactly equals the expected marginal cost
59 you currently subscribe to two magazines and are trying to
decide whether you should subscribe
to a third. What should determine your decision, if you are
rational?
a. the total cost of the magazines compared to the total
satisfaction you would receive
b. the total amount of satisfaction you would get from the
magazines
c. the enjoyment you would get from the third magazine
d. the cost of the third magazine, including the time it takes to
read it
e. the cost of the third magazine compared to the additional
enjoyment you would get from it
60 Microeconomics is the study of
a. marginal or inferior products
b. the economic behavior of individual decision makers
c. the behavior of the economy as a whole
d. how to use the fewest natural resources to produce goods and
services

29. e. government's role as a producer in the economy
61. Macroeconomics is the study of
a. the behavior of large firms in the marketplace
b. the economic behavior of individual decision makers
c. the behavior of the economy as a whole
d. how to use the fewest natural resources to produce goods and
services
e. government's role as a stabilizing influence on the economy