Over-pronation is a very common condition affecting millions of people of all ages. View this presentation to learn more about this condition and its cure. For more information visit www.HyProCure.com.

2. What is over-pronation

3. We need
to learn
about
pronation.

4. Pronation is a normal motion
of the foot
during walking or running.

5. Pronation
Helps to absorb
the normal forces
traveling
from the body above
to the ground below.

6. Specifically
The ankle bone
slightly turns inward
and
the rest of the foot
turns slightly outward.

7. Ankle bone (talus)
controls the motions of the hindfoot
(calcaneus/navicular)

8. Let’s get more technical
During pronation
Talus- slightly moves
 Toward the mid-line of the
body (medially)- transverse
plane
 The inner side (medial) lifts
up-ward and the outer side
(lateral) slightly drops
downward- Inverts- frontal
plane
 Front of the talus slightly dips
– sagittal plane

10. The mid-foot
controls the
motions of
the forefoot.

11. Therefore:
the talus ultimately controls the motions of
the rest of the foot.

12. The foot moves
in the opposite
direction of the
talus during
walking.

13. Foot has to move in all three planes to
pronate
Slightly turns away from the mid-line of the body –
lateral (abduction) transverse plane motion
Sole of the foot slightly turns outward (everts) frontal
plane
Foot turns slightly up-wards (dorsiflexes) sagittal plane.

14. Pronation
Also allows for adaptation while
walking on uneven surfaces.

15. The motions of the foot when walking.
Pronation
and
Supination

16. What is supination?

17. Supinated Foot Over-Pronated
Foot

18. Supination - Pronation
• Opposite movements
between the ankle
bone and the foot.
• Think of it as a
winding and
unwinding of the foot
mechanism.
• A period of stability
and less stability of
the foot structures
while walking.

19. Pronation & supination are very
important motions of the foot during
the walking cycle.

20. These complex
motions of the foot
consist of a locking
and unlocking of the
joints within the
foot.

21. Pronation unlocks the foot
and turns it into a
“Loose bag of bones”
We have to be very careful using this term
when describing the stability of the bones of
the foot during pronation as it seems like there
is no stability within the foot during this period.
This is not the case, it is just that there is a
period of slight joint motion as the foot is
allowed to be a mobile adapter.

22. Mobile Adapter
This is a very important aspect of the foot to allow
slight accommodation to an uneven weightbearing
surface below the foot.
During this time there is a normal amount of
adaptation that is acceptable and built into the
mechanics of the foot.

23. What controls how much pronation or
supination occurs in the foot?

24. It is determined by the motion of the
ankle bone (talus) on two hindfoot bones
(calcaneus-heel bone and navicular).

25. There is a specific point when the foot
needs to be supinating.

26. During the contact phase of walking
the hindfoot lands supinated,
quickly pronates, and re-supinates for toe-off.

27. At mid-stance the foot transitions from its
supinated motion into a pronating motion.

28. Finally, in order for the foot to function as
it was designed, the hindfoot must
stiffen/limit joint motion and transition
back into supination in order to prepare the
foot for lift-off.

29. So what is
over-pronation/hyperpronation?

30. Over-pronation
simply means
too much pronation.

31. In other words
it means
an extended
amount/duration
of pronation.

32. When the foot is supposed to be in a supinated/locked
state,
it is in it’s pronated/weakened lax state.

33. This means the
secondary
support
structures
(ligaments/
tendons/fascia)
are going to
have an
increased strain
to lift the foot.

34. However, medically, it is
more appropriate to use:
hyperpronation.

35. Hyper- means excessive or too
much.

36. Think of the words
hypertension (high blood pressure)
hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)

37. We don’t say
over-tension
or
over-glycemia.

38. How does the foot end up with too much
or a prolonged amount of pronation?

39. Hind-foot stability has everything
to do with the stability of
the ankle bone on the
hindfoot bones
called the
TaloTarsal Mechanism.

40. TaloTarsal Mechanism
• 3 bones
– Talus
(ankle bone)
– Calcaneus
(heel bone)
– Navicular
(bone in front of the talus)
• This mechanism has the most complex
motion of the body.

41. Talus sits on top of the back of the foot.
4 specific joints
4
between the talus
3 and the calcaneus
2 and navicular
bones.
1

42. TaloTarsal Motion
There is a specific amount of motion that is
supposed to occur between the talus on the
hindfoot bones.

43. Normally, there should be
twice the amount
of supination compared to
the amount of pronation.

44. Why is over-pronation or
hyperpronation a bad thing.

45. As the saying goes, too much of anything
is usually not a good thing.

46. A prolonged or excessive amount
of foot pronation means there is
instability of the ankle bone on the
hindfoot bones.

47. This leads to excessive forces
acting on the structures
of the foot.
Specifically, there are
increased strains placed on
certain ligaments and tendons
of the foot.

48. A few conditions blamed on an
excessive amount of foot pronation.
• Bunions
• Hammertoes
• Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction
• Plantar fasciitis/heel pain
• Tarsal tunnel syndrome

49. And then
there is the
rest of the
body.

50. Does over-pronation only happen in a
low arched or “flat” foot?

51. Answer
In most cases there is a lower than normal
arch of the foot.
HOWEVER
What determines a low or high arch is the
inclination of the heel bone.

52. It is possible to have a high arched foot and still
have hyperpronation?
YES

53. Over-pronation
is a result of the talus partially
displacing off its normal
position on top of the heel bone.

54. The angle of the heel
has little to do with the
displacement of the talus.

55. The bottom
of the foot is not
the cause of
over-pronation.

56. How can we fix over-pronation?

57. To fix something you have to
eliminate the cause.

58. Abnormal closure of the sinus tarsi.

59. Internally Stabilized with HyProCure ®

60. Abnormal – Talar 2nd Metatarsal Angle > 16.

61. Fixed internally with HyProCure .
®

62. “Changing Lives, One Step at a Time”
To learn more please visit:
www.hyprocure.com